2. Water Stress Countries? The majority of water stress countries are located in the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia, where governments are least likely to be able to undertake measures that will reduce or solve problems of water supply such as: Pollution controls to limit contamination of water supplies in surface and underground stores. Increased efficiency in water use (e.g. by using trickle irrigation that feeds water only to plants roots). Effective population policies to control further growth.

4. The world region with the lowest access is sub-Saharan Africa with just 51%; this is the region where 7 of the 10 countries with the lowest access to clean water are located. Shade and label these countries on your world map. Describe the pattern shown. 36% Cambodia 34% Sierra Leone 34% DR Congo 32% Angola 29% Madagascar 28% Papua New Guinea 28% Haiti 27% Zambia 25% Ethiopia 24% Chad Population with access to clean water Country

5. Urban and Rural In rural areas, access to clean water and proper sanitation is almost invariably lower than in the cities

6. Higher access to clean water and sanitation in urban areas Cities are more modern and developed with factories and offices. Diseases from dirty water spread more quickly among high population densities. Urban incomes are higher and more can afford to pay for water and services Cheaper to provide services when many customers live close together. Easier to put pressure on the government or authorities to make improvements.

7. What is the issue?

8. Water, health and food supply in LEDCs Problems and Solutions Safe water is an alternative name for clean water. This is because lack of access to clean water supplies has knock-on effects for people’s health.

9. Water related diseases are in high abundance in the tropics, where hot, wet climates provide ideal environments for insects and bacteria to thrive and multiply.

11. Disease Overall, at least 2 million people die from water-related diseases in LEDCs every year. Improvements in water availability and quality can bring great social and economic benefits to rural dwellers in LEDCs.

12. Create a bar graph to show the information above. Describe and explain what your graphs show. 6 5 UK 50 45 China 115 80 Sudan 110 90 Nepal 200 100 Zambia 120 75 Bangladesh 195 105 Ethiopia Children under 5 years Children under 1 year Country Deaths per 1000 live births