This document discusses alternative energy sources at Sultan Qaboos University, focusing on hydroelectric and solar energy. It provides background information and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each. For hydroelectric power, it explains how the systems work. For solar energy, it discusses different technologies including molten salt tanks to store energy. The document also includes statistics on global energy usage and the top countries employing various renewable resources. It aims to introduce these alternative energy options and their implementation.

1. Alternative
Energy at SQU
Done by:
• Mohammed Al Bulooshi
• Abdul-Malik Al Khazimi
• Majid Al Jabri
• Mohammed Al Bulooshi

2.  Introduction a bout Energy
 Definition of Energy
 Types of Energy
 Hydro Power
 Background
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 System Used
 Solar Energy
 Background
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 System Used
 Molten Salt (new technology)
 Interview

3. Introduction about Energy
 What is energy?
 The ability to do work.
 Need for energy
The use of energy will be doubled in the next 25 year
Fuel type Average power in TW[21]
1980 2004 2006
Oil 4.38 5.58 5.74
Gas 1.80 3.45 3.61
Coal 2.34 3.87 4.27
Hydroelectric 0.60 0.93 1.00
Nuclear power 0.25 0.91 0.93
Geothermal, wind, 0.02 0.13 0.16
solar energy, wood
Total 9.48 15.0 15.8

4. Types of energy
 Non-renewable Energy:
it is energy which is taken from the sources that are
available on the earth in limited quantity and will vanish
fifty-sixty years from now
 Renewable Energy:
It is energy obtained from the continues or repetitive
current of energy occurring in natural environment.

5. Non-renewable source
 Examples:
 fossil fuels (gas, oil and coal).
 Nuclear fuels.
 Disadvantages
 Environment impact (pollution, acidic
rain, global warming and climate
change)
 Finite (will expire in 50-100 years)

6. Renewable Sources:
 Examples:
 Solar power
 Wind power
 Geothermal power
 Ocean power
 Hydro power
 Advantages:
 Cheap (at the long period)
 Clean
 Easy used
 Reliable
 Infinite (not finished)

7. Why should we conserve energy?
 Energy needs to be conserved to protect our
environment from drastic changes, to save it.
 The two main renewable sources which are available in
Oman:
 Hydropower energy.
 Solar energy.

8. Hydropower Energy
 What is hydropower energy?
Using moving water to produce electricity.
Top hydroelectric generating countries
350
300
250
Billion
200
kilowatt
150
100
50
0
France India Sweden Jaban Norway Chaina Brazial united states anada
c

9. Advantages of Using Hydropower
 Renewable.
 Clean (No pollution).
 Long life span.
 No waste products.
 High efficiency (80%).

10. Disadvantages of Hydropower
 High Cost
 Floods natural areas
 Converts land habitat to lake habitat

11. How hydropower works?

12. Solar Energy
 What is Solar Energy?
Solar Energy is the energy that is produced by the sun
in the form of heat and light.
 Top 5 countries using solar power:
1. Germany (9,785 MW)
2. Spain (3,386 MW)
3. Japan (2,633 MW)
4. United States (1,650 MW)
5. Italy (1,167 MW)

13. Advantages of Using Solar Energy
 Renewable.
 Clean (No pollution).
 Low maintenance.
 Easy Installation.
 Economically viable.

14. Disadvantages of Solar Energy
 initialCost
 Location and installing area
 Efficiency (40%)
 Reliability

15. How Solar Energy Works?
 Using Solar panels:

16. Molten Salt Tanker

17. Combination of both techniques
 Solar panel & Molten salt

18. Using Solar Energy at SQU

19. Interview