1. AUGMENTED
REALITY
AN PROJECT IDEA
PREPARED BY: ABHISEK PADHI (TECHNIKALY)

3. WHAT IS AUGMENTED REALITY ?
In Simple Words…
• Augmented reality is technology that combines virtual reality with
the real world.
• The current world of augmented reality deals with live video
imagery which is digitally enhanced with computer generated
graphics.

4. A Virtual World simulating a real world model

5. BUT…
THAT’S NOT
AUGMENTED REALITY

6. Wikipedia SPEAKS ...
AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) :-
is a live, direct or indirect, view of a physical, real-world
environment whose elements
are augmented by computer-generated sensory input
such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.

7. IS
AUGMENTED REALITY
A
NEW
TECHNOLOGY?

8. Live Telecast Of Cricket
In our television Uses:
AUGMENTED REALITY

9. Live Football Matches
Uses Virtual marking on the field made by
computer which we see in our television

10. • Wh i l e t h e
s ma r t p h o n e
d o e s n 't h a v e t h e
c o mp u t i n g p o w e r
f o r ma n y
a u g me n t e d
r e a l i t y
a p p l i c a t i o n s , I T
I S I N T R O D U C I N G
T H E WO R L D T O T H I S
C O N C E P T

11. TECHNOLOGY
REQUIRED
FOR
AUGMENTED REALITY
(AR)

12. HARDWARE
• The main hardware components for augmented
reality are: p r o c e s s o r , d i s p l a y ,
s e n s o r s a n d i n p u t d e v i c e s .
• These elements, specifically C P U , d i s p l a y ,
c a me r a and M E M S sensors such
as a c c e l e r o me t e r , G P S , solid
state compass are often present in modern smartphones,
which make them prospective AR platforms.

13. An iPhone
Showing an
Augmented
Reality
application

14. DISPLAYS
There are essentially 3 different kinds of
displays of augmented reality:
• THE HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY (HMD) is worn on the
head or attached to a helmet. This display can resemble goggles or
glasses
• THE HANDHELD DEVICE is a portable computer or mobile
smartphone such as the iPhone.
• SPATIAL DISPLAY makes use of projected graphical displays
onto fixed surfaces.

15. • •

16. The Most popular smartphone the
iPhone is a brilliant example of
smartphone deploying AR apps.

17. TRACKING
•

18. INPUT DEVICES
•

19. COMPUTER
• T h e c o m p u t e r
a n a l y z e s t h e s e n s e d
v i s u a l a n d o t h e r
d a t a t o s y n t h e s i z e
a n d p o s i t i o n
a u g m e n t a t i o n s .

20. TRACKING
•

21. INPUT DEVICES
•

22. SOFTWARE
AND
ALGORITHMS

23. ALGORITHM

24. • A key measure of AR systems is how
realistically they integrate
augmentations with the real world.
• The software must derive real world
coordinates, independent from the
camera, from camera images.
• That process is called image
registration.

25. •Image registration uses different
methods of computer vision, mostly
related to video tracking. Many
computer vision methods of
augmented reality are inherited
from visual odometry.

26. Usually those
methods consist
of two parts…

27. First detect interest points,
or fiduciary markers, or optical
flow in the camera images. First
stage can use feature
detection methods like corner
detection, blob detection, edge
detection or thresholding and/or
other image processing methods.

28. T h e S E C O N D S T A G E restores a real world coordinate system
from the data obtained in the first stage. S o m e m e t h o d s
a s s u m e o b j e c t s w i t h k n o w n
g e o m e t r y (o r f i d u c i a r y m a r k e r s )
p r e s e n t i n t h e s c e n e . I n s o m e o f
t h o s e c a s e s t h e s c e n e 3D
s t r u c t u r e s h o u l d b e
p r e c a l c u l a t e d beforehand. If part of the scene is
unknown simultaneous localization and mapping (S L A M ) can
map relative positions. If no information about scene geometry is
available, structure from motion methods like bundle adjustment are
u s e d . M a t h e ma t i c a l me t h o d s used in
the second stage include projective (e p i p o l a r )
g e o me t r y , geometric algebra, rotation
representation with exponential
ma p , K a l m a n and particle filters, nonlinear
optimization, robust s t a t i s t i c s .

29. SOFTWARE

30. IN COMPUTER
• ARToolKit
• FLARToolkit
• Total Immersion
• Metaio, junaio
IN MOBILE
• Wikitude
• Layar
Etc…

31. TYPES
OF
AUGMENTED
REALITY

32. GPS AND COMPASS
TECHNOLOGY
 Found in smartphones and tablets
 Uses devices' GPS, compass features and high-speed
wireless networks Allows more complex applications
of Augmented Reality.
Main Attraction:
Limitation:
 Provides useful local web-content information and
added services in 2D format at the geo-location of
the user
 Fairly imprecise due to current inaccuracy of the GPS
technology

35. MARKER BASED
 Marker-based AR uses a camera and a visual marker to
determine the center, orientation, and range of its
spherical coordinate system.
 Most of the time, the applications using markers are
based on open source technology.
 AR Toolkit is the first fully-featured toolkit for marker-
based AR
 It has the advantage to be easily affordable but
sometimes it is not supported and fairly weak.
 Total Immersion provides the world’s most widely used
commercial augmented reality platform.

36. TRACKING USING MARKERS

37. EXAMPLES OF MARKERs

38. DIFFERENCE…
A QR Code A Marker used For tracking in
AR

40. MARKER LESS TRACKING
 This is currently one of the best
technology for tracking
 It performs active tracking and
recognition of real environment on any
type of support without using special
placed markers.
 Allows more complex applications of
Augmented Reality.

41. EXAMPLES…

46. APPLICATIONS

47. Augmented
Reality
Navigation
Industrial Design
Learning
Architecture
Archaeology
Tourism and
sightseeing
In an office
Sports &
Entertainment
Commerce
Medical

48. RETAIL

49. ARCHITECTURE and DESIGN

50. FUTURE
OF
AUGMENTED
REALITY

51. IN
OUR
OPINION
…

52. 


53. .

54. NOTABLE RESEARCHERS
• Ivan Sutherland invented the first AR
head-mounted display at Harvard
University.
IVAN
SUTHERLAND

55. • Steven Feiner, Professor
at Columbia U n i v e r s i t y ,
i s a l e a d i n g
p i o n e e r o f
a u g m e n t e d r e a l i t y ,
a n d a u t h o r o f t h e
f i r s t p a p e r o n a n
A R s y s t e m
p r o t o t y p e , KARMA (the
Knowledge-based Augmented Reality
Maintenance Assistant), along
with Blair MacIntyre and Doree
Seligmann
STEVEN
FEINER

56. • L.B. Rosenberg developed one of the
first known AR systems, called Virtual
Fixtures, while working at the U.S. Air
Force Armstrong Labs in 1991, and
published first study of how an AR
system can enhance human performance

57. • Dieter
Schmalstieg and Daniel
Wagner jump s t a r t e d
t h e f i e l d o f A R o n
m o b i l e p h o n e s .
T h e y d e v e l o p e d
t h e f i r s t m a r k e r
t r a c k i n g s y s t e m s
f o r m o b i l e p h o n e s
a n d P D A s .
Dieter
Schmalstieg

58. THANK YOU
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