4. Purpose of the
UN
• Maintain international peace & security
• Achieve international cooperation in solving
economic, social, cultural, & humanitarian
problems
• Promote respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms
• Be a centre for harmonizing the actions of
nations in attaining common goals
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• Human Rights Council
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• Refugees
5. UN facts
•
192 member states
•
Un headquarters is situated in New York
•
The US has always been by far the largest single contributor to the UN budget.
•
In June 2004 the US owed the UN just over $1 billion – almost half the total $2.5 billion owed to the
UN by its members
•
•
•
The budget for the UN's main operations is $2.5 billion a year.
•
The UN Secretariat worldwide employs some 15,000 people from 170 different countries
•
Six official languages are used at the UN: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.
•
The current secretary general is Ban Ki-moon of South Korea.
In theory, any member state that owes more than its two previous years’ assessments cannot vote in
the General Assembly.
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6. •
Aims /Objectives of
the peace throughout the world.
UN
To keep
• To develop friendly relations between nations.
• To work together to help people live better lives, to
eliminate poverty, disease and illiteracy in the
world, to stop environmental destruction and to
encourage respect for each other's rights and
freedoms.
• To be a centre for helping nations achieve these
aims.
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7. Principles of the
UN
• All Member States have sovereign equality.
• All Member States must obey the Charter.
• Countries must try to settle their differences by peaceful
means.
• Countries must avoid using force or threatening to use
force.
• The UN may not interfere in the domestic affairs of any
country.
• Countries should try to assist the United Nations.
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8. The Principal
organs of the UN
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- Economic and Social Council
- International Court of Justice
- Secretariat
- Trusteeship Council
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9. General Assembly
• It occupies the central position as the chief
deliberative, policy-making and representative
organ of the United Nations
• A forum for multilateral discussion on
international issues between 192 Members of the
United Nations
• It plays a significant role in the process of
standard-setting and the codification of
international law.
• The Assembly meets in regular session
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11. Security Council
• 5 permanent members: China,
France, Russia, UK and the
United States
• 10 rotating members
• Responsible for the maintenance
of international peace and
security.
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12. •
Security Council’s
functionings situation which might lead to
to investigate any dispute or
international friction;
• to recommend methods of adjusting such disputes or the terms of
settlement;
• to formulate plans for the establishment of a system to regulate
armaments;
• to determine the existence of a threat to the peace or act of
aggression and to recommend what action should be taken;
• to call on Members to apply economic sanctions and other measures
not involving the use of force to prevent or stop aggression;
• to take military action against an aggressor;
• to exercise the trusteeship functions of the United Nations in
"strategic areas";
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14. Educational and Social Council
• ECOSOC coordinates economic, social, and related work of the 14
UN specialized agencies, functional commissions and five regional
commissions.
• ECOSOC consults with academics, business sector representatives
and more than 2,100 registered non-governmental organizations.
• It is responsible for:
promoting higher standards of living, full employment, and
economic and social progress;
identifying solutions to international economic, social and health
problems;
facilitating international cultural and educational cooperation; and
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16. International Court of
Justice
• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal
judicial organ of the United Nations (UN).
• It was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United
Nations and began work in April 1946.
• The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague
(Netherlands).
• The Court’s role is to settle, in accordance with international
law, legal disputes submitted to it by States and to give
advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by
authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.
• The Court is composed of 15 judges, who are elected for
terms of office of nine years by the United Nations General
Assembly and the Security Council.
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• Its official languages are English and French.
18. Secretariat (& SecretaryGeneral)
• Secretariat is the “business”
• Secretary-General acts as a
diplomat, advocate, civil
servant, and CEO
• Spokesman for the interests of
the world’s peoples, in
particular the poor and
vulnerable
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• H.E. Ban Ki-moon of Korea
20. Trusteeship Council
• Responsible for supervising the administration of Trust
Territories placed under the Trusteeship System.
• Major goals :
to promote the advancement of the inhabitants
Trust Territories and their progressive development
towards self-government or independence.
of
• The aims of the Trusteeship System have been fulfilled to
such an extent that all Trust Territories have attained
self-government or independence, either as separate
States or by joining neighbouring independent countries.
• The Council suspended operation on 1 November 1994, with
the independence of Palau, the last remaining United
Nations trust territory, on 1 October 1994.
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26. UN Priorities:
Conflict Resolution
•
•
•
•
•
Peaceful Settlement of Differences
International Court of Justice
Economic Sanctions
Peacekeeping Force
Regular Military Force
– Must be made available by all member
states on an individual basis
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27. UN Priorities:
Sustainable Development
• “Programs that improve people’s quality of
life without impairing future generations’
ability to improve their quality of life”
• UN Conference on Human Environment
• The Earth Summit
• United Nations Environment Program
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28. UN Millennium Development
Goals
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and empower
women
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other
diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for
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development
