The document summarizes the history of revolution and establishment of communist rule in China. It describes how the Qing dynasty fell in 1911 and was replaced by a weak provisional government. This led to a civil war between nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek and communists led by Mao Zedong. Mao's communists were effective fighters against the Japanese invasion during 1937-1945. After World War 2, the civil war resumed and communists declared the People's Republic of China in 1949. Under Mao's rule, private land and businesses were collectivized, intellectuals were persecuted, and the Great Leap Forward caused a devastating famine.

1. Revolution in China
and Communist China
(How does this compare with the
Russian Revolution and Stalin’s
Soviet Union)
This presentation relies heavily on a power point created by Dan
McDowell. Teaching Point, ©2003 Slide 1

2. Background
• Manchu /
Qing Dynasty
maintained
limited power
while other
nations held
major
concessions
in the 20th
century.
Slide 2

3. QING DYNASTY FELL
• Rural & urban
workers,
nationalists,
communists, and
intellectuals
protested against
the government.
• The dynasty fell in
1911 and a weak
provisional
government took its
place.
• 1911 – 1925
Chinese Republic
Slide 3

4. CIVIL WAR 1925-1937
• After the provisional government failed,
the NATIONALISTS led by Chiang Kai-
shek, the COMMUNISTS led by Mao
Zedong, and various WARLORDS began
a CIVIL WAR for control of China
Slide 4

5. Mao Zedong
• Led the army in
developing
guerilla warfare
tactics to fight the
Nationalists and
later the
Japanese
Slide 5

6. 1937 – Japan invaded China
• Communists &
Nationalists fought
the Japanese
“separately
together”.
• Communists were
more effective in
their guerilla war
against the
Japanese.
Slide 6

7. Civil War Continued 1945-
1949
• The West
supported the
Nationalist
Army and the
USSR sent
some support
to Mao
Slide 7

8. Communist Victory
1949
• the Communists
founded the People’s
Republic of China.
Slide 8

9. China under Communist
• Foreigners were
kicked out
• Redistribution of land
by the government
• Industrialization
began
• Women gained power
Slide 9

10. Mao consolidated power
• Many who were
nationalists,
upperclass, or
dissidents were
imprisoned in
forced labor
camps or killed.
Slide 10

11. Social Class Changes
• Wealthy upper class
(including ruling
families) was
removed.
• Landowning class
was destroyed.
• Intellectuals attacked
Slide 11

12. Great Leap Forward 1950s-
• Mao’s government took
control of all the land.
• Started “back yard
industrialization”
Slide 12

13. Great Leap Forward
• The plan failed miserably – famine caused
over 20 million deaths, steel production
dropped drastically.