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Reverse Engineering Architectural Feature Models,[object Object],Case Study: FraSCAti,[object Object],software architect,[object Object],Mathieu Acher1, Anthony Cleve2 ,Philippe Collet1,       Philippe Merle3, Laurence Duchien3, Philippe Lahire1,[object Object],1 University of Nice Sophia Antipolis (France), MODALIS team (CNRS, I3S Laboratory),[object Object],2 PReCISEResearch Centre, University of Namur, Belgium,[object Object],3 INRIA Lille-Nord Europe, Univ. Lille 1 - CNRS UMR 8022, France,[object Object]
Case Study: FraSCAti,[object Object],[object Object]
An OASIS’s standard programming model for SOA
http://frascati.ow2.org
Large software project with an increasing number of extensions since 2008
Technology-agnostic, adaptability, variantsInterface languages (Java, WSDL, OMG IDL, etc.),[object Object],Implementation languages (Java, Spring, OSGi, BPEL, C/C++, etc.),[object Object],Binding protocols (WS, REST, JSON-RPC, Java RMI, CORBA, etc.),[object Object],Non functional aspects, aka SCA intents and policies,[object Object],Packaging formats and deployment targets (JAR, JBI, WAR, OSGi, etc.),[object Object],[object Object],Trans.,[object Object],Sec.,[object Object],log,[object Object],Network,[object Object],2,[object Object]
FraSCAti Extensible Architecture in SCA (excerpt),[object Object],Variability,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],3,[object Object]
Whatwewant : FraSCAti« à la carte »,[object Object],[object Object],API + membrane controllers,[object Object],[object Object],Around 2Mb for EMF & SCA MM,[object Object],[object Object],Using JDK6 compiler,[object Object],[object Object]
40Mb	All FraSCAti 1.3 features4,[object Object],Variability,[object Object]
Variability,[object Object],“the ability of a system to be efficiently extended, changed, customized or configured for use in a particular context” ,[object Object],MikaelSvahnberg, Jilles van Gurp, and Jan Bosch (2005),[object Object],5,[object Object]
FraSCAtias a Software Product Line,[object Object],Variability,[object Object],6,[object Object]
Challenge: Modeling Variability,[object Object],“central to the software product line paradigm is the modeling and management of variability, that is, the commonalities and differences in the applications” 	Klaus Pohl (2005),[object Object],7,[object Object]
8,[object Object],Variability Model,[object Object],How to reverse engineer the variability model of an architecture?,[object Object],Architecture,[object Object],e.g., see discussions at SAVA workshop,[object Object]
9,[object Object],Variability Model,[object Object],FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object]
10,[object Object],Defacto standard for modeling variability,[object Object],Formal semantics, reasoning techniques, tools,[object Object],Feature Model,[object Object],FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object],explicit representation of legal variants authorized by FraSCati,[object Object]
Feature Model,[object Object],Hiearchyof Features + Variability (incl. constraints),[object Object],Compact representation of a set of configurations,[object Object],Scope: restrict legal variants authorized by FraSCati,[object Object],11,[object Object],Set of Configurations,[object Object]
12,[object Object],FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object],Feature Model,[object Object],Configuration,[object Object],Derived FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object]
13,[object Object],Not all combinations of architectural elements are valid,[object Object],Implementation_BPEL “requires” Interface_WSDL ;,[object Object],Implementation_Spring “requires” MM_SCA ;,[object Object],Set of  Safe Variants authorized by FraSCAti,[object Object],Scope is too large,[object Object],Feature Model,[object Object],FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object]
Illegal  Variant ,[object Object],14,[object Object]
15,[object Object],Set of  Safe Variants authorized by FraSCAti,[object Object],Scope is too narrow,[object Object],Feature Model,[object Object],FraSCAti Architecture,[object Object]
16,[object Object],Unused flexibility,[object Object]
How to obtain theFeature Model of FraSCAti Architecture?,[object Object],17,[object Object],Lopez et al., On the Need of Safe Software Product Line Architectures.  (ECSA’10),[object Object]
18,[object Object],- Error-prone,[object Object],[object Object],+ Architecture Knowledge,[object Object],+ Scoping Decisions ,[object Object],Philippe Merle,,[object Object],software architect of FraSCAti,[object Object]
Extraction Process,[object Object],- Error-prone,[object Object],[object Object],+ Architecture Knowledge,[object Object],+ Scoping Decisions ,[object Object],19,[object Object],1,[object Object],2,[object Object],- Documentation of Software Artefacts,[object Object],[object Object],+ Automation ,[object Object]
Extraction Process,[object Object],20,[object Object],1,[object Object],2,[object Object]
Automated Extraction,[object Object],21,[object Object],150%: rough over approximation of legal configurations,[object Object],Mapping between architectural elements and plugins,[object Object],Projection on architectural elements,[object Object]
Projection by Example,[object Object],Formal semantics and automation details in the paper,[object Object],see also “Acher et al., Slicing Feature Models”, ASE’11,[object Object],22,[object Object]
23,[object Object],Architectural 150% FM: 50 features, 1011 configurations,[object Object],Plugin FM: 41 features,[object Object],Mapping: 158 constraints,[object Object],Reinforced Architectural FM: 106 configurations,[object Object]
Extraction Process,[object Object],24,[object Object],1,[object Object],2,[object Object]
Consistency of the Extracted Feature Model?              50 features,              more than 106 configurationsWe need (1) automated reasoning techniques(2) to put the Software Architect in the Loop,[object Object],25,[object Object]
26,[object Object]
Reconciliation of Feature Models,[object Object],Vocabulary differs,[object Object],32 “common” features automatically detected ,[object Object],5 manual correspondences specified,[object Object],Granularity differs (more or less details),[object Object],Not detected by the automated procedure for 2 features,[object Object],Intentionally forget by the software architect (or not) for 13 features,[object Object],Basic edit techniques are not sufficient to reconcile feature models,[object Object],Extensive use of slicing operator,[object Object],Once reconciled, techniques needed to understand “differences” between the two feature models ,[object Object],27,[object Object]

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