1. Assignment one part b
By :Adam Leach

2. THE ORIGINS OF WINE IN THE
WORLD
AN INTRODUCTION
Very little is known about the early wine history. It is thought that many
farmers and foragers learnt that alcoholic beverages could be made from wild
fruit including grapes. Although the results were rather ’Crude’. These were
stored in open vases or jars .
Even though wild grapes grew all over the world, it was this productive Vinis
Vinifera species which spread all over the world and is used To produce many
variatys of winemakeing styles

3. AN INTRODUCTION TO PREHISTORY
OF ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY
From dug out pits to modern tanks wine has been made and served for
generations. To understand the future of wine it is important to grasp its
history.
The evolution of winemaking began here and is now a major part of world
exports although the techniques and storage is much more advanced .
With the ability to Mould steel into desired shapes (For containers) and also
refrigeration It is Now Possible to Vastly improve wine quality The following
slide Shows How Old concepts have taken new form .

4. THE TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCES IN WINEMAKING
The most basic tools for making wine were pits dug into the ground and
sealed to ferment Over a period of time This was a very crude form of
fermentation But even in early times it seems Evident that They saw the
importance of Preventing Unwanted Oxidation and Exposure to Other bio
hazards In wine fermentation
Nowadays We tend to use Steel Containers that can be sealed chilled Heated
And Stored For extended Time periods also There is allot more sterile
controls
Also barrels are The most common storage Device for fermenting in as the
rate of oxidation can be reduced and the wine at the end and gives off the
oaky Character From the oak the barrels are made of.

5. ANCIENT ROME AND THE
PHILOSOPHY'S OF WINE
Rome played a pivotal role in the history of wine. The earliest influences of
viticulture on the Italian peninsula can be traced to Ancient Greeks and
Etruscans.
The rise of the Roman Empire saw an increase in technology and awareness
of winemaking which spread to all parts of the empire. The influence of the
Romans has had a profound effect of the histories of today's major
winemaking regions of France, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain. In the
hands of the Romans, wine became "democratic" and available to all, from the
lowly slave to the simple peasant to the aristocrat. The Romans' belief that
wine was a daily necessity of life promoted its widespread availability among
all classes. This led to the desire to spread viticulture and wine production to
every part of the Roman empire, to ensure steady supplies for Roman soldiers
and colonists.

6. IMPORTANCE OF WINE TRADE
(ROME)
As the Roman Republic grew into an empire, the complexity of the Roman wine
trade grew as well. The Roman peninsula was known for its high quality wine.
Pompeii was known for its unique and high quality wine. However, as the Republic
grew beyond Italy, the trade and the market economy dealing with wine grew as
well. The wine trade in Italy consisted of the Romans selling their wine abroad to
settlements and provinces around the Mediterranean Sea. Yet, by the end of the
1st century CE/AD, the Romans’ wine exports had competition from its
provinces, which began to export their wine to Rome. Because the Roman Empire
was very much a market economy, the provinces’ exports were encouraged. This
enhanced the supply and demand of the Roman market economy. If there were a
high supply of wine, then the price of wine would be lower to the consumer.
Because the Empire had a supply and demand economy, the Romans also had an
ample supply of coinage, which also suggests that there was a complex market
economy surrounding the wine trade of Roman Empire. An ample supply of
coins meant that people within the Empire put a great deal of thought into the
market economy of wine. Wine clearly was a pivotal part of the Roman Empire,
her provinces, and its economy.

7. DIONYSUS GOD OF WINE
Dionysus was the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of ritual
madness and ecstasy in Greek mythology.He was also known as Bacchus By
the romans Who believe he was a liberator Through wine Music ecstatic
dances and frees his followers from self contious fear and care.

8. PRESERVING WINE
There is evidence That supports early stage wine preserving techniques From
wine jars that were recovered from Old shipping routes in Ship wrecks This
involved the use of Olive oil And tree resins to create a seal .
However primitive This has been proven to Prevent most oxidation And was
very successful for allowing wine to be moved and traded Long distances
without affecting the end product.

9. SUMMERY
It is evident that Wine has a unbelievably large influence On History Even
Being Immortalized By the romans with a God ! It Plays a pivotal role In
every day life And In Some cases In various parts of the world is part of
religion (Christianity) With Majority of the world Now both Producing and
consuming In the wine trade Wine Will surely Continue to Be consumed For
Many years to come .Both for Viticulture And for winemaking.

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Comer B.(2009).wine Pre –History. Retrieved 13/8/2012 From
http://www.slideshare.net/BAComer/wine-pre-history
Wikipedia. (2012, August 5). Ancient Rome and wine. Retrieved August
13/8/2012, 2012, from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Rome_and_wine
Unknown. (2010, July 22). Google. Retrieved from Google images:
http://www.google.co.nz/search?hl=en&safe=off&q=pre+history+of+wine
&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&biw=1252&bih=585&um=1&ie=UTF-
8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=118nUNb6BoWwiQfv2oDwC
A#um=1&hl=en&safe=off&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Wine+images&oq=Wine+i
mages&gs_l=img