15. Metal Obtaining Most metals are in nature as minerals. Chalcosite: copper rich Pyrite: iron rich Hematite: iron rich Limonite: iron rich Bauxite: aluminum rich Pure gold
16. Obtaining cast iron and steel Coal Iron ore Limestone Blast furnace Torpedo ladle Ladle Furnace Refining Furnace We can obtain cast iron from the melting of coal,iron ore and limestone at the blast furnace , then we carry it to the refining furnace using torpedo furnace and ladle furnace. In the refining furnace the amount of carbon to obtain steel decreases.
17. Obtaining of metals by electolysis We use a high voltage electric current over the melted metal. Pure metal is attracted by the negative electrode (remember that metal atoms are positive). We can use this method to obtain metals like copper and aluminum.
18. Metal Working To drill To cut To fix and to bend To measure and to mark To smooth To split To finish