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United Nations Conference           on
           Trade and Development




                BY : ASHISH AROTE
                     MANISH KUMAR
                     MEHUL SHAH
                     VIVEK VYAS
                     ANSHU MITTAL
UNCTAD
          A knowledge-based institution
                to promote development
          I.   Introduction to UNCTAD
               Historical and political context

              UNCTAD’s structure
               Inter-governmental process,
                   cooperation and dialogue

              UNCTAD today
               Its current work and its
UNCTAD         divisions                          2
Basic goals
  Optimize the trade, investment and
development opportunities of developing
countries


   Assist developing countries in their
efforts to integrate into the world    economy
on an equitable basis
Basic characteristics
•   193 member States
•   Secretary-General: Rubens Ricupero (Brazil),
    since September 1995
•   Staff: 400 employees
•   Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
•   Budget: ca. US$ 50 million from the UN budget,
    US$ 25 million from extra-budgetary sources
Historical and political context:

1964                 1970s                1980s                  1990s


Creation of UNCTAD   G-77 e NIEO          Washington Consensus      Globalization



                     New International    Washington             Globalization
Creation of
                     Economic Order       Consensus
UNCTAD                                                           - Creation of the
                     - Strengthening of   -Debt crisis           WTO
- Dr. Prebisch
                     the G-77             -IMF, World Bank       -Increase in FDI
                     - Trade and          structural adjust.
                                          programs               - Financial crises
                     development
                                                                 (Mexico, Asia,
                     - New topics         - Trade and            Russia, Brazil)
                                          financial
                                          liberalization
Brief History of UNCTAD
            First phase: 1964 to late 1970s
             Rise and climax of UNCTAD’s negotiating role

            Second phase: 1980s
             Strengthening the analytical capacity with greater
             focus on macroeconomic and financial issues
             (debt-crisis)

            Third phase: 1990s onwards
             The positive agenda and identification of the
             shortcomings of the mainstream development
             strategy
                                                              6
UNCTAD
Political dimension of the
         Conferences
            Discussion about:
                Development-oriented strategies
                Advantages and shortcomings of
                 economic strategies
                Intergovernmental and international
                 policies and priorities
                Mandates and work of
                 the UN and UNCTAD
                                                       7
UNCTAD
Intergovernmental process
                   Consensus-building

                                                           ECOSOC
         Trade and Development Board



 Commission on     Commission on       Commission on      Commission on
Trade         in     Investment,         Enterprise,       Science and
Goods, Services    Technology and         Business        Technology for
and Commodities    Related Financial   Facilitation and    Development
                        Issues         Development


                   Expert Meetings

     Annual session of the commissions: political issues
     Expert meetings: technical issues
Meetings
            The inter-governmental work is done at 5 levels of meetings: [1]
            The UNCTAD Conference – held every 4 years;
               UNCTAD XIII will be held in Doha, Qatar in 2012

               UNCTAD XII was held in Accra, Ghana in 21–25 April

                2008
               UNCTAD XI was held in São Paulo, Brazil in 13–18 June

                2004
               UNCTAD X was held in Bangkok, Thailand in 12–19

                February 2000
               UNCTAD IX was held in Midrand, South Africa in 27 April –

                11 May 1996
               UNCTAD VIII was held in Cartagena, Colombia in 8–25

                February 1992
                                                                                9
UNCTAD
Structure of the Secretariat
                              Secretary-General
                                  Office of the S-G



                                        Deputy
                                         S-G

                                                                  Division
                                                              of Management




                       Division          Division           Division
    Division                                                                 Special Programme
                   On International   on Investment,     On Services
on Globalisation                                                            For Least Developed,
                    Trade in Goods    Technology and   Infrastructure for
and Development                                                             Landlocked and Island
                     and Services,      Enterprise     Development and
   Strategies                                                               Developing Countries
                   and Commodities     Development     Trade Efficiency
How does UNCTAD work?
                 Intergovernmental level
     Commission                               Monitoring of inter-      Consensus
      meetings            Expert meetings       governmental
                                                  activities             Building


                             A TWO-TRACK
                               PROCESS


 Research and             Human resources               Institutional   Policy
analytical studies        capacity-building              Capacity-
                                                          building      Analysis



                     UNCTAD Secretariat
Cooperation and dialogue
               Governments         192 countries

              International     WTO, World Bank,
              organisations        IMF, etc.


                                  Intergovernmental
                               Organisations (IGOs) and
UNCTAD         Civil Society      Non-Governmental
                                Organisations (NGOs)

                                  Universities and
                Academia         research institutes

                               Small and Medium sized
                               Enterprises (SMEs) and
              Private Sector        Transnational
                                Corporations (TNCs)
MAIN THEMES
   Poverty/Development
 Social dimension of globalization
 Equitable world trade (market access, agriculture)
 Financial system and     world economy
 Social and corporate responsibility
 LDCs’ external debt
 Trade and environment
Analytical process
          Annual reports
          Specific studies
          Technical and statistical material
          Regional and national workshops
          Analysis of national policies and
           best practices


                                                14
UNCTAD
Main publications
                   Trade and Development Report
                    (annual)

                   World Investment Report (annual)



                   The Least Developed Countries
                    Report (biennial)


                   E-commerce and Development
                    Report (annual)


                   Research Papers Series

                   www.unctad.org

                                                       15
UNCTAD
Development strategies and global
                                        UNCTAD’s work
                                           Investment, enterprise




                                                                               small island developing countries.
                                                                               Least developed, landlocked and
                                       development, and technology
       interdependence




                                            DEVELOPMENT


                                    Trade (goods, services and commodities),
                                           services infrastructure and
                                                trade facilitation
Globalization and
         Development Strategies
            Macro-economic analysis and
             policy proposals

            Studies and projections about the world
             economy and the financial system

            Preparation of the Trade and Development
             Report (TDR)

            Analysis of external debt problems

            Development programs for Africa
                                                       17
UNCTAD
International Trade
         in Goods, Services and Commodities
             Integrate developing countries in the
              multilateral trade system and help them
              benefit from it
             Understanding of current issues in
              multilateral trade negotiations
             New proposals – positive agenda



                                                        18
UNCTAD
Services Infrastructure for
         Development and Trade Efficiency
           Trade facilitation
           Multimodal transportation (ACIS)
           E-commerce
           TrainForTrade
           Global Trade Point Network
           Customs modernisation
            (ASYCUDA)
                                               19
UNCTAD
Special Programme on
         Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
            Currently: 50 LDCs
               34 in Africa, 9 in Asia, 6 in the Pacific Region,

                              1 in Latin America (Haiti)

            Objective: Reduce poverty & increase development
              Preparation of the LDC Annual Report

              Analysis of the links between poverty-reduction

               and development strategies
              Assistance to LDCs for accession to the WTO

                             and its negotiations
              Capacity-building in trade, investment and

               related services
              Organization of the Conference on LDCs
                                                             20
UNCTAD
Who participates
            Government delegates from 193 countries
            International institutions
            Parliamentarians
            Entrepreneurs
            Academics
            NGOs and IGOs
            Media


                                                       21
UNCTAD
For more information:

           www.unctad.org




                                 22
UNCTAD
SPANK YOU !!!




                         23
UNCTAD

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Unctad edited

  • 1. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development BY : ASHISH AROTE MANISH KUMAR MEHUL SHAH VIVEK VYAS ANSHU MITTAL
  • 2. UNCTAD A knowledge-based institution to promote development I. Introduction to UNCTAD Historical and political context  UNCTAD’s structure Inter-governmental process, cooperation and dialogue  UNCTAD today Its current work and its UNCTAD divisions 2
  • 3. Basic goals  Optimize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries  Assist developing countries in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis
  • 4. Basic characteristics • 193 member States • Secretary-General: Rubens Ricupero (Brazil), since September 1995 • Staff: 400 employees • Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland • Budget: ca. US$ 50 million from the UN budget, US$ 25 million from extra-budgetary sources
  • 5. Historical and political context: 1964 1970s 1980s 1990s Creation of UNCTAD G-77 e NIEO Washington Consensus Globalization New International Washington Globalization Creation of Economic Order Consensus UNCTAD - Creation of the - Strengthening of -Debt crisis WTO - Dr. Prebisch the G-77 -IMF, World Bank -Increase in FDI - Trade and structural adjust. programs - Financial crises development (Mexico, Asia, - New topics - Trade and Russia, Brazil) financial liberalization
  • 6. Brief History of UNCTAD  First phase: 1964 to late 1970s Rise and climax of UNCTAD’s negotiating role  Second phase: 1980s Strengthening the analytical capacity with greater focus on macroeconomic and financial issues (debt-crisis)  Third phase: 1990s onwards The positive agenda and identification of the shortcomings of the mainstream development strategy 6 UNCTAD
  • 7. Political dimension of the Conferences  Discussion about:  Development-oriented strategies  Advantages and shortcomings of economic strategies  Intergovernmental and international policies and priorities  Mandates and work of the UN and UNCTAD 7 UNCTAD
  • 8. Intergovernmental process Consensus-building ECOSOC Trade and Development Board Commission on Commission on Commission on Commission on Trade in Investment, Enterprise, Science and Goods, Services Technology and Business Technology for and Commodities Related Financial Facilitation and Development Issues Development Expert Meetings  Annual session of the commissions: political issues  Expert meetings: technical issues
  • 9. Meetings  The inter-governmental work is done at 5 levels of meetings: [1]  The UNCTAD Conference – held every 4 years;  UNCTAD XIII will be held in Doha, Qatar in 2012  UNCTAD XII was held in Accra, Ghana in 21–25 April 2008  UNCTAD XI was held in São Paulo, Brazil in 13–18 June 2004  UNCTAD X was held in Bangkok, Thailand in 12–19 February 2000  UNCTAD IX was held in Midrand, South Africa in 27 April – 11 May 1996  UNCTAD VIII was held in Cartagena, Colombia in 8–25 February 1992 9 UNCTAD
  • 10. Structure of the Secretariat Secretary-General Office of the S-G Deputy S-G Division of Management Division Division Division Division Special Programme On International on Investment, On Services on Globalisation For Least Developed, Trade in Goods Technology and Infrastructure for and Development Landlocked and Island and Services, Enterprise Development and Strategies Developing Countries and Commodities Development Trade Efficiency
  • 11. How does UNCTAD work? Intergovernmental level Commission Monitoring of inter- Consensus meetings Expert meetings governmental activities Building A TWO-TRACK PROCESS Research and Human resources Institutional Policy analytical studies capacity-building Capacity- building Analysis UNCTAD Secretariat
  • 12. Cooperation and dialogue Governments 192 countries International WTO, World Bank, organisations IMF, etc. Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs) and UNCTAD Civil Society Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Universities and Academia research institutes Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Private Sector Transnational Corporations (TNCs)
  • 13. MAIN THEMES  Poverty/Development  Social dimension of globalization  Equitable world trade (market access, agriculture)  Financial system and world economy  Social and corporate responsibility  LDCs’ external debt  Trade and environment
  • 14. Analytical process  Annual reports  Specific studies  Technical and statistical material  Regional and national workshops  Analysis of national policies and best practices 14 UNCTAD
  • 15. Main publications  Trade and Development Report (annual)  World Investment Report (annual)  The Least Developed Countries Report (biennial)  E-commerce and Development Report (annual)  Research Papers Series  www.unctad.org 15 UNCTAD
  • 16. Development strategies and global UNCTAD’s work Investment, enterprise small island developing countries. Least developed, landlocked and development, and technology interdependence DEVELOPMENT Trade (goods, services and commodities), services infrastructure and trade facilitation
  • 17. Globalization and Development Strategies  Macro-economic analysis and policy proposals  Studies and projections about the world economy and the financial system  Preparation of the Trade and Development Report (TDR)  Analysis of external debt problems  Development programs for Africa 17 UNCTAD
  • 18. International Trade in Goods, Services and Commodities  Integrate developing countries in the multilateral trade system and help them benefit from it  Understanding of current issues in multilateral trade negotiations  New proposals – positive agenda 18 UNCTAD
  • 19. Services Infrastructure for Development and Trade Efficiency  Trade facilitation  Multimodal transportation (ACIS)  E-commerce  TrainForTrade  Global Trade Point Network  Customs modernisation (ASYCUDA) 19 UNCTAD
  • 20. Special Programme on Least Developed Countries (LDCs)  Currently: 50 LDCs  34 in Africa, 9 in Asia, 6 in the Pacific Region, 1 in Latin America (Haiti)  Objective: Reduce poverty & increase development  Preparation of the LDC Annual Report  Analysis of the links between poverty-reduction and development strategies  Assistance to LDCs for accession to the WTO and its negotiations  Capacity-building in trade, investment and related services  Organization of the Conference on LDCs 20 UNCTAD
  • 21. Who participates  Government delegates from 193 countries  International institutions  Parliamentarians  Entrepreneurs  Academics  NGOs and IGOs  Media 21 UNCTAD
  • 22. For more information: www.unctad.org 22 UNCTAD
  • 23. SPANK YOU !!! 23 UNCTAD