Marxist Criticism: The Necklace
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Marxist Criticism The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant The Author Relation to History Literature Proletariat Bourgeoisie Hegemony Class/False Consciousness
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Marxist Criticism: The Necklace
- 1. Guy de Maupassant A Marxist Criticism THE NECKLACE
- 2. He was a popular writer during his lifetime and had the good fortune to see that his stories were widely read. He also found inspiration in the not- so-admirable behavior of the bourgeoisie, and made them targets of his biting pessimism and skewering pen. THE AUTHOR
- 3. It is in this time that France experienced the long depression. The Necklace also shows how people deal with their struggle with money. RELATE…
- 4. Literature is shaped by political, economic, labor and class condition because it is based on the experiences of the author that such masterpieces were created. LITERATURE
- 5. Mathilde lacked gowns, jewelries that’s why she can’t go to such extravagant events. PROLETARIAT
- 6. It is shown through Madam Forestier as Mathilde saw her after 10 years and she still looks like she didn’t age. BOURGEOISIE
- 7. Hegemony was shown through the way the people look and act. HEGEMONY
- 8. It is a class consciousness because Mathilde is greatly aware that she belongs to the lower class. CLASS/ FALSE CONSCIOUSNESS
Notes de l'éditeur
- His social and economic class was shown in his work, The Necklace, because in his life, he also found an inspiration from the bourgeoisie. His work is made of his observations and reflections of what was happening around him. He was in the upper class and he knows exactly how the people consider who should belong to the upper class. Through the characters, he showed what are the attributes a person should have to be in the upper class and the consequences of dreaming to belong there.
- France was at mercy. They are defeated during the Franco-Prussian War which led them to pay a fine of 200 million euro for the reparations. Their banks failed them. The projects are wasted. Finances sink. Because of this, French are to struggle to gain wealth. It is seen on the literary piece that people struggle to feel to be in the upper class maybe because of the experience of the author, how the people around him wanted to stay in upper class but can’t because they lack money. Many people that time are like Mathilde who wish to be wealthy to have the riches in life, to be sought after, to be in the upper class but because of the great depression, they can’t and just like Mathilde, they struggle in life.
- Literature is based from the creative minds of the authors and it is in their surroundings that they get inspirations. All through the years, literature became a way for the people to take out what they are feeling, their thoughts, their complaints, their reflections. And all through he years, the world has experienced great problems involving the society, the government, oppression, classes distinction and such. And it is in literature that the people poured out what they want to say, what they want others to do. Literature is made because of those conditions. The time period it was created and how the people act that time.
- They have no classes during that time but Mathilde is very conscious of herself, the way she looks because she believes that the attributes the people saw are the ones who consider one as an upper class or lower class. In that way, Mathilde was shown to be a proletariat since she refuses to take the invitation at first because, obviously she has nothing to wear that will make her look like a rich woman. She seldom goes out because she doesn’t want to be considered a Proletariat because of her clothes, because she lacks ornament on her body.
- Rich people can afford things to make their body young, to preserve their youth. They can sit back and relax and let other people do the job for they have enough money to earn. Unlike Mathilde, Madam stayed young because she doesn’t need to work too hard to gain wealth. Also, the parties they attend. The people who attended it are seen to have beautiful gowns made of silk and embroidered with jewels. The upper class men are obviously known through their way of clothing, through their physical features.
- The difference between the upper and lower class was shown through their attributes. While the Upper class doesn’t age even after years and has nothing to worry because they have enough money, the lower class struggles. They aged because they struggle to gain money to pay for their debts. While the bourgeoisie have the ability to throw parties and attend with something they can flaunt in the mob like the rich jewels and silk gowns, the proletariats finds a way to buy something presentable just to attend those parties. Lastly it is shown from the way they act, upper class men don't have to brag about their riches for they already know that the people know while those who belong in the lower class need show off just to not be discriminated and insulted when interacting with the upper class men.
- Mathilde is aware of being not wealthy. She knows that it is only in her dreams that she will belong to the upper class especially that her family aren’t upper class men and she ended up marrying a clerk who has a wage just enough for them. When the time where they need to pay their debts, it become more obvious to the both of them that they will never be one of those bourgeoisie. They will forever struggle for their lives because of the mistake of greed and pride. Lastly, it is a class consciousness because when Madam Forestier met Mathilde once again after ten long years, she nearly didn’t recognized her because of the way she looks and we all know that the distinction between the people in the necklace is presented based on their physical attributes.