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Statistical Profile
June 13, 2011




A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans,
2009




                             Mark Hugo Lopez, Associate Director


                             Gabriel Velasco, Research Analyst


                             FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:


                             1615 L St, N.W., Suite 700

                             Washington, D.C. 20036

                             Tel (202) 419-3600
                             Fax (202) 419-3608

                             info@pewhispanic.org

                             www.pewhispanic.org
                             Copyright © 2011
1

                                        A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009




A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 1

The 2010 U.S. Census
counted 3.7 million people                    Puerto Rican Population Trends, 1970 to 2010
living in Puerto Rico, a
territory of the United                       In millions
States. 2 This was down from
                                                5                                                                             4.6
3.8 million in 2000.
                                                                     Hispanics in Puerto Rico
The population of Puerto                        4                                                                              3.7

Rico is almost entirely of
                                                3
Hispanic origin. According to
                                                      2.7
the 2010 U.S. Census, the                       2
                                                                                   Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin
                                                                                       in the 50 states and D.C.
population of Puerto Rico
included 3,688,455                                    1.4
                                                1
Hispanics and 37,334 non-
Hispanics. Hispanic origin is                   0
based on self-identification                        1970             1980                1990            2000               2010

by respondents to Census                      Sources:
Bureau questionnaires. 3 This                 Population of Hispanics in Puerto Rico 1970 -1990
report focuses on the                         http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/phc-3-53-eng.pdf

characteristics of the                        Population of Puerto Rican origin-Hispanics in 50 states and D.C., 1970-1990
                                              http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.pdf
Hispanic-origin population                    Population of Hispanics in Puerto Rico and population of Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics
in Puerto Rico and Hispanics                  in the 50 states and D.C. in 2000 and 2010
                                              http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn146.html
of Puerto Rican-origin living                 PEW RESEARCH CENTER
in the 50 U.S. states and the
District of Columbia (D.C.).

The Hispanic population of Puerto Rican origin in the 50 states and D.C. increased from 3.4
million in 2000 to 4.6 million in 2010. It now surpasses Puerto Rico’s population. Nearly a
third of Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin in the 50 states and D.C. were born in Puerto Rico,
according an analysis of 2009 American Community Survey data by the Pew Hispanic Center,
a project of the Pew Research Center.




1 The authors thank Paul Taylor for editorial guidance. Paul Taylor, Rakesh Kochhar, Russ Oates and Michael Remez provided
comments. Daniel Dockterman checked numbers in the profile.

2
 See the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2010 Census Brief (C2010BR-04) The Hispanic Population: 2010 by Sharon R. Ennis, Merarys
Rios-Vargas, and Nora G. Albert.

3
    For more on Hispanic identity, see the Pew Hispanic Center report, Who’s Hispanic?




                                         Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
2

                                        A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009



People born in Puerto Rico are U.S. citizens by birth. But because Puerto Rico, like Guam and
the U.S. Virgin Islands, is not part of the 50 states or D.C., those who reside in Puerto Rico are
not allowed to vote for President or to elect a voting member of the U.S. Congress 4. Those who
move from Puerto Rico to live in the 50 states and the District of Columbia can vote in federal
elections.

This profile compares the demographic, income, and economic characteristics of Hispanics
living in Puerto Rico with the characteristics of Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin living in the
50 states and D.C. as well as with all Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C. These profiles
are based on tabulations of the 2009 Puerto Rico Community Survey and the 2009 American
Community Survey by the Pew Hispanic Center. Both surveys provide detailed demographic
and economic characteristics that are not available in the 2010 Census. This includes place of
birth.

For a statistical profile focused on Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics living in the 50 states and
D.C., see the Pew Hispanic Center factsheet Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the United
States, 2009.

Key facts include:

        •    Population. According to the 2009 American Community Survey, there
             were a total of 8.3 million Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin living in Puerto
             Rico, the 50 states and D.C. Among those, fewer than half (47%) lived in
             Puerto Rico.

        •    Age. The median age of Hispanics in Puerto Rico is 36, higher than it is for
             all Hispanics (27) in the 50 states and D.C. and higher than it is for Puerto
             Rican-origin Hispanics (28) in the 50 states and D.C.

        •    Marital status. Some 37% of Hispanics in Puerto Rico are married, a share
             equal to that among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C.
             However, both groups are less likely to be married than all Hispanics in the
             50 states and D.C. Among them, 45% are married.

        •    Educational attainment. More than one-in-five (22%) Hispanics in
             Puerto Rico have a bachelor’s degree. In contrast, 16% of Puerto Rican-origin
             Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. have a college degree. Among all
             Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. just 13% have a bachelor’s degree.

        •    Income. The median annual personal earnings for Hispanics in Puerto Rico
             ages 16 and older was $14,400; median earnings for Puerto Rican-origin


4
    Residents of Puerto Rico, however, nominate delegates to the Democratic and Republican presidential conventions.




                                         Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
3

                                     A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009



          Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. was $25,000 and among all Hispanics in
          the 50 states and D.C. it was $20,000.

     •    Poverty status. More than four-in-ten (44%) Hispanics in Puerto Rico live
          in poverty, a share higher than that among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in
          the 50 states and D.C. who live in poverty (24%) or all Hispanics in the 50
          states and D.C. (23%).

     •    Health Insurance. Fewer than one-in-ten (8%) Hispanics in Puerto Rico
          do not have health insurance, a share lower than among Puerto Rican-origin
          Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C. (15%) or among all Hispanics living
          in the 50 states and D.C. (32%).

     •    Homeownership. The rate of homeownership (72%) in Puerto Rico is
          higher than the rate among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states
          and D.C. (39%), or all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. (48%). The
          homeownership rate in Puerto Rico is also higher than it is among all
          Americans (66%).




                                                      About the Data

This Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans is based on the Census Bureau's 2009 Puerto Rican Community Survey (PRCS) and
American Community Survey (ACS). The data used for this statistical profile come from the 2009 PRCS Integrated Public Use
Microdata Series (IPUMS), representing a 1% sample of the Puerto Rican population, and the 2009 ACS Integrated Public Use
Microdata Series (IPUMS), representing a 1% sample of the U.S. population.


Like any survey, estimates from the PRCS and ACS are subject to sampling error and (potentially) measurement error. Information
on the PRCS and ACS sampling strategies and associated error is available at
http://www.census.gov/acs/www/methodology/methodology_main/. An example of measurement error is that citizenship rates for
the foreign born are estimated to be overstated in the Decennial Census and other official surveys, such as the ACS (see Jeffrey
Passel. “Growing Share of Immigrants Choosing Naturalization,” Pew Hispanic Center, Washington, D.C. (March 28, 2009)). Finally,
estimates from the PRCS and the ACS may differ from the Decennial Census or other Census Bureau surveys due to differences in
methodology and data collection procedures (see, for example,
http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/methodology/ASA_nelson.pdf,
http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/laborfor/laborfactsheet092209.html and
http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/about/datasources/factsheet.html).




                                      Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
4

A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009




 Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
5

A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009




 Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org

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Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the United States, 2009

  • 1. Statistical Profile June 13, 2011 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 Mark Hugo Lopez, Associate Director Gabriel Velasco, Research Analyst FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 1615 L St, N.W., Suite 700 Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel (202) 419-3600 Fax (202) 419-3608 info@pewhispanic.org www.pewhispanic.org Copyright © 2011
  • 2. 1 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 1 The 2010 U.S. Census counted 3.7 million people Puerto Rican Population Trends, 1970 to 2010 living in Puerto Rico, a territory of the United In millions States. 2 This was down from 5 4.6 3.8 million in 2000. Hispanics in Puerto Rico The population of Puerto 4 3.7 Rico is almost entirely of 3 Hispanic origin. According to 2.7 the 2010 U.S. Census, the 2 Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the 50 states and D.C. population of Puerto Rico included 3,688,455 1.4 1 Hispanics and 37,334 non- Hispanics. Hispanic origin is 0 based on self-identification 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 by respondents to Census Sources: Bureau questionnaires. 3 This Population of Hispanics in Puerto Rico 1970 -1990 report focuses on the http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/phc-3-53-eng.pdf characteristics of the Population of Puerto Rican origin-Hispanics in 50 states and D.C., 1970-1990 http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.pdf Hispanic-origin population Population of Hispanics in Puerto Rico and population of Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in Puerto Rico and Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. in 2000 and 2010 http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn146.html of Puerto Rican-origin living PEW RESEARCH CENTER in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (D.C.). The Hispanic population of Puerto Rican origin in the 50 states and D.C. increased from 3.4 million in 2000 to 4.6 million in 2010. It now surpasses Puerto Rico’s population. Nearly a third of Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin in the 50 states and D.C. were born in Puerto Rico, according an analysis of 2009 American Community Survey data by the Pew Hispanic Center, a project of the Pew Research Center. 1 The authors thank Paul Taylor for editorial guidance. Paul Taylor, Rakesh Kochhar, Russ Oates and Michael Remez provided comments. Daniel Dockterman checked numbers in the profile. 2 See the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2010 Census Brief (C2010BR-04) The Hispanic Population: 2010 by Sharon R. Ennis, Merarys Rios-Vargas, and Nora G. Albert. 3 For more on Hispanic identity, see the Pew Hispanic Center report, Who’s Hispanic? Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
  • 3. 2 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 People born in Puerto Rico are U.S. citizens by birth. But because Puerto Rico, like Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands, is not part of the 50 states or D.C., those who reside in Puerto Rico are not allowed to vote for President or to elect a voting member of the U.S. Congress 4. Those who move from Puerto Rico to live in the 50 states and the District of Columbia can vote in federal elections. This profile compares the demographic, income, and economic characteristics of Hispanics living in Puerto Rico with the characteristics of Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin living in the 50 states and D.C. as well as with all Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C. These profiles are based on tabulations of the 2009 Puerto Rico Community Survey and the 2009 American Community Survey by the Pew Hispanic Center. Both surveys provide detailed demographic and economic characteristics that are not available in the 2010 Census. This includes place of birth. For a statistical profile focused on Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C., see the Pew Hispanic Center factsheet Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the United States, 2009. Key facts include: • Population. According to the 2009 American Community Survey, there were a total of 8.3 million Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin living in Puerto Rico, the 50 states and D.C. Among those, fewer than half (47%) lived in Puerto Rico. • Age. The median age of Hispanics in Puerto Rico is 36, higher than it is for all Hispanics (27) in the 50 states and D.C. and higher than it is for Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics (28) in the 50 states and D.C. • Marital status. Some 37% of Hispanics in Puerto Rico are married, a share equal to that among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. However, both groups are less likely to be married than all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. Among them, 45% are married. • Educational attainment. More than one-in-five (22%) Hispanics in Puerto Rico have a bachelor’s degree. In contrast, 16% of Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. have a college degree. Among all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. just 13% have a bachelor’s degree. • Income. The median annual personal earnings for Hispanics in Puerto Rico ages 16 and older was $14,400; median earnings for Puerto Rican-origin 4 Residents of Puerto Rico, however, nominate delegates to the Democratic and Republican presidential conventions. Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
  • 4. 3 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. was $25,000 and among all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. it was $20,000. • Poverty status. More than four-in-ten (44%) Hispanics in Puerto Rico live in poverty, a share higher than that among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. who live in poverty (24%) or all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. (23%). • Health Insurance. Fewer than one-in-ten (8%) Hispanics in Puerto Rico do not have health insurance, a share lower than among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C. (15%) or among all Hispanics living in the 50 states and D.C. (32%). • Homeownership. The rate of homeownership (72%) in Puerto Rico is higher than the rate among Puerto Rican-origin Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. (39%), or all Hispanics in the 50 states and D.C. (48%). The homeownership rate in Puerto Rico is also higher than it is among all Americans (66%). About the Data This Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans is based on the Census Bureau's 2009 Puerto Rican Community Survey (PRCS) and American Community Survey (ACS). The data used for this statistical profile come from the 2009 PRCS Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS), representing a 1% sample of the Puerto Rican population, and the 2009 ACS Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS), representing a 1% sample of the U.S. population. Like any survey, estimates from the PRCS and ACS are subject to sampling error and (potentially) measurement error. Information on the PRCS and ACS sampling strategies and associated error is available at http://www.census.gov/acs/www/methodology/methodology_main/. An example of measurement error is that citizenship rates for the foreign born are estimated to be overstated in the Decennial Census and other official surveys, such as the ACS (see Jeffrey Passel. “Growing Share of Immigrants Choosing Naturalization,” Pew Hispanic Center, Washington, D.C. (March 28, 2009)). Finally, estimates from the PRCS and the ACS may differ from the Decennial Census or other Census Bureau surveys due to differences in methodology and data collection procedures (see, for example, http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/methodology/ASA_nelson.pdf, http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/laborfor/laborfactsheet092209.html and http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/about/datasources/factsheet.html). Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
  • 5. 4 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org
  • 6. 5 A Demographic Portrait of Puerto Ricans, 2009 Pew Hispanic Center | www.pewhispanic.org