A Perspective on Learning English as a Second Language

1. AN ENGLISH PERSPECTIVE
A Crash Course
by Aldyansyah, SS

2. 1. Do you speak English?
2. Do you need English? Why?
3. What are your problems in learning English?
4. Did you ever experience an embarrassing moment when
you tried to communicate in English?
5. How do you learn English?
6. What is the best way to learn English effectively?
7. What are the advantages of understanding English?
Glossary:
Experience: pengalaman, Embarrassing: memalukan, Advantage: keuntungan
LET’S HAVE A CHIT-CHAT

3. ENGLISH—OVERVIEW
Why English?
• international language
• compulsory requirements
• sign of literacy
• source of knowledge
• media language
• career booster
• ticket to international communities

4. ENGLISH – THE PERSPECTIVE
ENGLISH
Needs:
Vocabulary
Grammar
COOKING
Needs:
Ingredients
Recipes

5. VOCABULARY TIPS
• get yourself a good dictionary
• relate your learning with your interests
• learn with contexts
• use your emotions
• use it!

6. GIVE IT A TRY
tête-à-tête (n)
Dictionary: an informal private conversation between two people,
especially friends
e.g. We must have a tête-à-tête sometime.
Interest: I often have a tête-à-tête about politics with my buddy at a
coffee shop.
Context: Call your friend on the phone and ask him/her to go out to have
a tête-à-tête.
Emotion: persuade your friend eagerly to have a tête-à-tête with you
You have USEd IT!
Glossary:
Persuade: bujuk, Eagerly: dengan semangat

7. GRAMMAR HINTS
• start with simple sentences: Subject + Verb
• a sentence must have a Verb
• don’t translate but transform
• paraphrase
• ask yourself: when? – Tenses
•Do your homework – memorize
• use it

8. WORD CLASSES; THE BOTTOM LINE
1. Verb : actions
e.g. work, study, think, feel, consider, smile, succeed, agree, like, etc.
you succeed in your job
2. Noun : things
e.g. eye, job, education, feeling, success, agreement, luck, etc.
you have success in your job
3. Adjective : characteristics
e.g. clear, beautiful, inspiring, rich, successful, lucky, punctual, etc.
you are successful in your job
4. Adverb : modifiers
e.g. clearly, well, fast, only, often, hardly, all, fortunately, never, etc.
you do your job successfully

9. GIVE IT A TRY!
Classify the words
Eat smoke breakfast agree
Smile work is book
Will walk have only
Think fire target imagination
Full stress successful happy
Hot punctual usually loudly
Late party present likely
Reasonable glad like fast

10. THE ABSOLUTE GRAMMAR RULE
Only 2 kinds of sentences:
1. Verbal e.g. I work
2. Nonverbal/nominal e.g. I am a worker
Absolute rule: A sentence MUST have a VERB

11. TENSES; THE BOTTOM LINE
Tenses refer to the time or condition of a sentence
There are 16 tenses in English grammar

12. TENSES; THE BOTTOM LINE
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
continuous
Present •I learn everyday
•I am smart
•I am learning now
•I am being smart
•I have learned
today
•I have been smart
•I have been
learning for 30
minutes
•I have been being
smart
Past •I learned yesterday
•I was smart
•I was learning at 1
yesterday
•I was being smart
•I had learned
before you came
yesterday
•I had been smart
•I had been learning
•I had been being
smart
Future •I will learn
tomorrow
•I will be smart
•I will be learning at
1 tomorrow
•I will be being
smart
•I will have learned
by 3 tomorrow
•I will have been
smart
•I will have been
learning for1 hour
30 minutes later
•I will have been
being smart
Past future •I would learn if I
had the time
•I would be smart
•I would be learning
•I would be being
smart
•I would have
learned if I had had
the time
•I would have been
smart
•I would have been
learning
•I would have been
being smart

13. VERBS
The presence of a verb is compulsory in a sentence. It also signalizes the
condition or the time (tenses) of an English sentence by its forms
Verb forms:
Verb1 Verb2 Verb3 V-ing
Go Went Gone Going
Have Had Had Having
Get Got Gotten Getting
Take Took Taken Taking
Do Did Done Doing
(Tobe)
be/am/is/are Was/was/were Been Being
Attend Attended Attended Attending
Watch Watched Watched Watching
Work Worked Worked Working
Play Played Played Played

14. •what do you do everyday?
•What did you do yesterday?
•What will you do tomorrow?
•What would you do if you had all the money in the
world?
•What are you doing now?
•What were you doing at 1 yesterday?
•What will you be doing at 1 tomorrow?
•What have you done today?
•What had you done before you came here?
Let’s speak!
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
continuous
Present •I learn everyday
•I am smart
•I am learning now
•I am being smart
•I have learned today
•I have been smart
•I have been learning
for 30 minutes
•I have been being
smart
Past •I learned yesterday
•I was smart
•I was learning at 1
yesterday
•I was being smart
•I had learned before
you came yesterday
•I had been smart
•I had been learning
•I had been being
smart
Future •I will learn
tomorrow
•I will be smart
•I will be learning at
1 tomorrow
•I will be being smart
•I will have learned
by 3 tomorrow
•I will have been
smart
•I will have been
learning for1 hour
30 minutes later
•I will have been
being smart
Past future •I would learn if I had
the time
•I would be smart
•I would be learning
•I would be being
smart
•I would have
learned if I had had
the time
•I would have been
smart
•I would have been
learning
•I would have been
being smart

16. FEEL HAPPY TO MAKE MISTAKE!