Book Review ch. 2 of Real Communication.

1. Perceiving the Self and Others
Chapter Two
Real Communication, An Introduction By Dan O’Hair And Mary Wiemann
Wednesday, January 25, 2012

2. Perception...
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3. Perception...
a cognitive process
interpret our experiences
come to our understandings
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4. Communication
Processing
We gather, organize, and evaluate
the information we receive.
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5. Schemas
Mental structures that group
together related information, help
us process new information.
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6. Less Perceptive
✤ Mindlessness results in reduced
cognitive activity.
✤ Selective Perception gives us bias.
✤ Undue Influence gives greater
credibility to something than you
should.
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7. Attributions
✤ Personal characteristics used to explain other
people’s behaviors to understand the cause of the
behavior and justify perception.
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8. Interaction Appearance Theory
✤ As we get to know people better through
positive interactions, we find them more socially
and physically attractive.
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9. Interaction Appearance Theory
✤ As we get to know people better through
positive interactions, we find them more socially
and physically attractive.
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10. Fundamental Attribution Error
✤ We overemphasize the
internal and underestimate
the external causes of
behaviors we see.
✤ “There is something wrong
with that guy. He’s always
late to work.”
✤ “I’m always late because I
have kids.”
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11. Improving Perceptions
✤ Verify your information.
✤ Be thoughtful when
seeking info.
✤ Look beyond the first
impression.
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12. perception
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13. Culture
Understanding how our cultural
differences affect perception.
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14. Understanding
✤ Effective and appropriate
communication involves
understanding and appreciating
people who perceive differently
than us.
✤ Recognizing their uniqueness.
✤ Our background can affect how we
see others.
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15. Cultural Myopia
✤ My culture and language are
appropriate and relevant in all
situations.
✤ Don’t be blind from our own
perceptions.
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16. Stereotyping
✤ The practice of fitting individuals
into existing schemas without
taking into account their
individual differences.
✤ Prejudice
✤ How do you define prejudice?
✤ Do you have any prejudices?
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17. Remove Barriers
✤ Be mindful of others.
✤ People belong to many
co-cultures.
✤ Learn more about others.
✤ Examine our own
schemas.
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18. Self
Understanding who I am in order to
communicate better.
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19. Self-concepts
✤ Awareness of who we are.
✤ Thinking about our own strengths
and weaknesses.
✤ Observing our own behaviors and
reactions to others.
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20. Social Comparison Theory
✤ The practice of comparing our
own self-concepts to what we like
about media figures.
✤ Influences how we think about
ourselves.
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21. Self-esteem
How people think about themselves
can give confidence.
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22. Self-efficacy
✤ The ability to predict one’s
effectiveness in a communication
situation based on self-concept and
self-esteem.
✤ Johnny Carson was one of the best
at reading his audience and
reacting to them.
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23. Self-fulfilling prophecy
✤ A prediction that causes an
individual to alter his or her
behavior in a way that makes the
prediction likely to occur.
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24. Assessments
✤ Self-actualization is a high
assessment.
✤ Self-adequacy is a satisfactory
assessment.
✤ Self-denigration is a negative
assessment.
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25. Identities
How do we manage our identities?
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26. Self-
presentation
How we present ourselves to
others.
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27. Self-monitoring
✤ Observing our environment
and others.
✤ We will know how to present
ourselves in a particular
situation.
✤ High self-monitors-attuned to
other’s behaviors.
✤ Low self-monitors-not
sensitive to the situation and
don’t feel need to adapt.
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28. Self-disclosure
✤ How we reveal ourselves to
others by sharing information.
✤ The information we reveal must
be considered important.
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29. Controlled online
✤ It’s possible to edit, revise
and organize the information
disclosed.
✤ We can hide things since
there is no body language or
other signals.
Wednesday, January 25, 2012