Presentation to the Brazilian Agency for Industrial Development - March 26, 2013 - Foley Hoag LLP.

1. Brazilian Diaspora
and the Transnational
Economy
Brazil-Today
Alvaro Lima, March 2013

2. Globalization – A Different Perspective “compression of our spatial
and temporal worlds”
(D. Harvey)
Globalisation
Nation Feudal
States Tribes
Empires
”Globalization [...] as the
Globalisation as intensification of world-wide
Annihilation of Space/ social relations which link
Shrinking of the World distant localities in such a way
that local happenings are shaped
by events occurring many miles
“constraints of Geography
away and vice versa.” (Giddens
recede” (M. Waters)
1990, p. 64)
Dialectics of globalisation and localisation - glocalisation, global cities -
“space ... not only homogenised (and global), but always fragmented as
well. ... has not simply shrunk, but ... been transformed” (S. Kirsch)

3. Traditional Understanding – The Migration Flow
ADMISSION:
Who? How many?
What kind?

4. Traditional Understanding – The Migration Flow
poverty
stagnation
overpopulation
etc…
WHY?

5. Foreign-Born Population of Rich OECD Countries from Developing Countries
Population Top Five
Total from Percent of Source
Top Five Source
Country Population Developing Total Countries
Countries
(millions) Countries Population (percent of
(millions) total)
United States 281.4 10.1 45.2 Mexico, Philippines, Puerto
28.4
Rico, India, China
Morocco, Ecuador,
Spain 40.8 1.5 3.7 44.2 Colombia, Argentina,
Venezuela
France 58.5 3.7 6.4 20.4 Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia,
Turkey, Vietnam
UK 58.8 5.1 30.1 India, Pakistan,
3.0
Bangladesh, Jamaica,
South Africa
Netherlands 16.0 1.2 7.6 48.6 Suriname, Turkey,
Indonesia, Morocco,
Netherlands Antilles
Portugal 10.4 0.5 4.5 62.8 Angola, Mozambique,
Brazil, Cape Verde,
Venezuela
Japan 127 1.0 69.6 North Korea, South Korea,
1.2
China, Brazil, Philippines
Source: Let Their People Come, Lant Pritchett, 2006

6. Traditional Understanding – The Settlement
Integration policies are skeletal, ad hoc, under-funded and
dominated by the ideology of assimilation – MELTING POT
labor market
entrepreneurship
housing ESOL
education
etc…

7. New Understand - Immigrant Transnationalism
Immigrants forge economic, social, cultural and political relations that link
together their societies of origin and settlement…

8. Drivers of Transnationalism
 Developments in the means of transportation and
communications have changed the relations between people
and places (costs);
 International migrations have become crucial to the
demographic future of many developed countries;
 Global political transformations and new international legal
regimes weakened the state as the only legitimate source of
rights;
 Fostered by global consumption, global production, and
immigration, cultural hybridization are substituting folkloric
romanticism and political nationalism enshrined as essences
of national cultures;

9. New Possibilities – Transnational Platform(s)
Transnational
platform
Transnational
platform

10. Monthly Remittance by Nationality
$875
$900
$800
MEASURING
TRANSNATIONALIS
$700
$600
$500 $398
ABOVE AVERAGE M
$400 AVERAGE = $294
$331
$278 $274
$300 BELOW AVERAGE
$218
$192 $188 $185 $177
$200
$113
$100
$-
. r
zil do
r co al a an
a n R m b i a ag u a do ras b a
Bra Ecua éxi atem uy i ca
olo Nica
r l va du Cu
M u G m in C Sa H on
G Do El Purchasing of Nostalgic Products Among Brazilians
50.0% 45.4%
Financial Accounts in Country of Origin - Brazil 45.0%
40.0%
37.6% 35.0%
40.0%
30.0%
35.0% 25.0% 20.5%
28.9% 17.8%
20.0%
30.0% 26.0%
15.0%
25.0% 10.0% 5.1% 4.9% 3.7%
5.0% 1.6% 0.8% 0.2%
20.0% 0.0% ce s D s in es l s s
pi ,C ing ga z ks ho tte em he
rs
ds Ds o th / m a Boo lco igare t It Ot
15.0% n
s a os , D
V Cl rs A
C Cr
af
od pe
Fo i de pa
10.0% V ws
5.5% Ne
5.0% 1.6%
0.3%
0.0%
Does not Checking Savings Credit card Investment Foreign
have / NR account account account currency
savings

11. Help Beyond Remittances
50.0% 46.6%
45.0%
40.0% 36.80%
35.0% ABOVE AVERAGE
30.0% 27.0%
22.7%
25.0% AVERAGE = 19.2%
20.0%
20.0%
15.3%
14.0% BELOW AVERAGE
15.0%
10.3% 9.1%
10.0% 5.7%
3.7%
5.0%
0.0%
.
a il or ras ia ua nR o ba or la
ya
n
Br
az ad du mb rag ica xi c Cu ad ma
Gu Ec
u n lo ca n Mé alv ate
Ho Co Ni mi El
S Gu
Do
MEASURING Support of Hometown Associations
TRANSNATIONALIS 30.0%
26.3%
M 25.0%
20.0%
15.0% ABOVE AVERAGE
12.4%
10.0%
10.0% AVERAGE = 6.7%
6.7%
5.0%
4.0% 3.5% BELOW AVERAGE
5.0% 3.3% 2.8% 2.4%
0.0%
0.0%
a R. r
a il do
r as bi ua o n ala o a
ya
n
Br
az
ua ur m ra
g xic ca em ad
Cu
b
Gu Ec nd lo
i ca Me in
i
at alv
Ho Co N m Gu El
S
11 Do

12. MEASURING
TRANSNATIONALIS
M

13. Some Implications of Transnationalism
 Portability becomes crucial for transnational migrants –
education and certification processes; investment and
retirement schemes, health insurance, etc.;
 The concept of “community,” “society,” as well as
“the local,” must be redefined as space of flows
(relationships), pluri-local and nation-state-boarder
spanning, instead of bounded geographic places –
geographic and social container spaces;
 Transnational immigrant entrepreneurs’ contributions to the economy have to be
recognized as such and not as just “ethnic;”
 Nation-state ideals of identity in both sending and receiving countries are challenged
by transnational practices – double citizenship, transnational rights, regimens, etc…;
 States must re-conceive immigration and adapt their policies and practices to
accommodate transnational realities;

14. First Generation Innovation Portfolio
 Digaai.com
 Transnational Index
 Diaspora Capital Services
 Educational Delivery & Partnership Models
 Health Care Management & Insurance Provision
 Social Security
 Political Representation

15. Brazilian Transnational
Community United
States
Digaai Transnational
Platform
(PHASE I)
SEARCH AGGREGATE ARCHIVE CURATE
DATAVERSE SLIDESHARE
Portugal
… …
it Spain
Brazil capture social
practices
capture economic
activity
capture everyday life practices
Japan
PHASE II
Paraguay
Angola

16. Transnational Platform Model
(PHASE I)
SEARCH AGGREGATE ARCHIVE CURATE
WIKI DATAHUB DATAVERSE SLIDESHARE
… … … …
Brazilian Transnational Community
capture social capture economic
General Model it practices activity
capture everyday life practices
(PHASE II)
MASHUPS JOURNALING TAGGCLOUDS …