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Capital: Tallinn
    Area: 45,227 km2
    Population: 1,340,000
    Internet users: 74%
    Country Calling Code: 372
    Currency: Eesti kroon (EEK)
    Currency rate: EUR 1 = EEK 15.65




2
CONTENTS
    E-SOCIETY                                       E-STATE
    Introduction                               5    e-Government and e-Parliament          12
    The Whole Human Lifecycle and an                e-Elections                            13
    e-Society                                  6    The e-Citizen’s Electronical ID Card   14
    “Tiger Leap”                               7    Digital Signature                      15
    e-Empowered Citizens                       7    The X-road                             15
    E-EDUCATION                                     Secure e- and Legal Environments       15
    e-School                                   8    TECHNOLOGY AND
    University Via Internet                    8    ACCESSIBILITY
    Broad-based IT-Education                   8    Connections Abroad                     16
    E-SERVICES                                      Connection and User Statistics         16
    The State Portal eesti.ee                   9   Mobile Signals and Wireless Internet   17
    The e-Business Register and e-Land Register 9   Mobile Applications                    17
    The e-Tax Board and Income Declarations     9   EstWin                                 17
    e-Healthcare                              10    CONCLUSION                             18
    e-Police                                  10
    e-Banking                                 11
    e-Ticket                                  11
    Nature Online                             11
    Historical Heritage                       11

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4
During the last 20 years, Estonia has developed       cyberattack, emerging unscathed by mounting
                  E-SOCIETY                                            a complete, well functioning, and secure
                                                                       e-state. For citizens of Estonia, e-services have
                                                                                                                             a vigorous self-defence.

                                                                       become routine: e-elections, e-taxes, e-police,
                                                                       e-healthcare, e-banking, and e-school. The “e”            Skype has become an international word
                                                                       prefix for services has almost become trite in             recognized everywhere. Almost 10% of
                                                                       the sense that it is truly standard. Most Estonians       international calling minutes throughout the
                                                                       would not even consider doing things the old-             entire world are made using Skype. This free
                                                                       fashioned way by physically visiting an office.             internet calling program was developed in
                                                                       The e-state gives people freedom – to spend               Estonia. Skype’s development centre is located
                                                                       time in the forest, countryside, in our countless         in Tallinn. Skype’s experience has been that
                                                                       bogs, or even in Tallinn’s famous Old Town                in Estonia it is easy to develop innovative
                                                                       which rests beside the modern city. Almost any            infrastructure, due to the presence of
                                                                                                                                 technological competence in an environment
                                                                       activity can be taken care of with a few clicks via
                                                                                                                                 favourable to IT development.
                                                                       the internet.
                                                                       These modern city office buildings are
    Were the internet to have a postal address, it would most likely                                                             Skype’s Chief Evangelist and General Manager
                                                                       increasingly used by IT companies which seek              of the Tallinn office, Sten Tamkivi, is fond
    be here in Estonia. We have reason to be proud of our highly-      an innovative, highly-educated, cost-effective             of relating the simple equation of Skype’s
    developed telecommunications network. Estonia is a place           workforce. One example of many: From its                  original success: “Four guys in a room for six
    you can take your laptop into the deepest forest and still hook    development centre in Tallinn, Skype creates              months and the result was one million users
    up to the internet. It is no accident that Skype was born here.    a large part of the software used by its loyal            two months after launch.” The strength of
                                                                       customer base of 500 million people.                      Skype — and perhaps the strength of Estonian
    Toomas Hendrik Ilves
                                                                                                                                 IT — is that its hallmark is simple efficiency.
    President of the Republic of Estonia
                                                                       Thanks to its small size, Estonia is an ideal place       It is not burdened with layers of cumbersome
                                                                       for testing new solutions. The implementation             management or formalities. “Before I came to
                                                                                                                                 Skype,” says Tamkivi, “I used to bid against a lot
                                                                       and feedback processes move very quickly.
                                                                                                                                 of Western European companies for jobs. They
                  These words of Estonia’s President Toomas            Many solutions engineered in Estonia have been
                                                                                                                                 would offer a three-layer project organization
                  Hendrik Ilves characterize well the noteworthy       later exported, including e-elections, e-school,
                                                                                                                                 with complicated reporting structures. We’d
                  achievements of Estonia in its transition from a     and m-parking (the “m” means “mobile”).                   put four guys in a room and get the job done.”
                  Soviet society into one of Europe’s most modern      It may also be of interest that Estonia is the only
                  states.                                              nation in the world which has survived a full-on



5
The Whole Human
    Lifecycle and an
    e-Society
    In Estonia, it is understood that the value of
    an IT solution is greater the more useful it is
    in everyday life. For this reason, the state has
    supported the development of e-solutions for
    every stage of an individual’s life. e-solutions are
    available for child subsidies, school applications,
    for ordering theatre tickets, seeking employ-
    ment, booking doctors’ appointments, and
    applying for pensions. In the works is a plan to
    enable marriage registrations via internet or, in
    less unhappier situations, divorces.
    The majority of forms and applications from
    state institutions are available in electronic form
    and may be submitted electronically. Citizens
    are not required to visit state institutions, freeing
    time which may be devoted to other pursuits.
    Estonians are so accustomed to e-services that
    they always first ask for the institution’s web
    address, instead of the telephone number.
    Only if it transpires that an Estonian can’t find
    an institution’s or business’ web service link or
    electronic registration system will he pick up
    the telephone. Every citizen is encouraged to
    offer proposals for new e-services or present
    questions via the e-participation portal, osale.ee.
    Thanks to this process, the state’s actions serve
    the actual needs of the citizens.



6
e-Empowered
                                                                                                          Citizens
                                                                                                          While the Tiger Leap program was to provide a
                                                                                                          broadbased computer education for students
                                                                                                          and teachers, the program Vaata Maailma (“Look
                                                                                                          at the World”) was targeted at the society as a
                                                                                                          whole who wished to develop along with the
                                                                                                          information society. The program continues
                                                                                                          to offer free computer and internet training
                                                                                                          courses throughout Estonia. Vaata Maailma’s
                                                                                                          goal was to reduce the digital gap and bring
                                                                                                          an active e-life to those who, because of their
                                                                                                          age or other reasons, might have otherwise
                                                                                                          remained behind. Thanks to the Vaata Maailma
                                                                                                          program, IT-savvy pensioners are not a rare sight
                                                                                                          in Estonia. Many actively handle their affairs via
                                                                                                          the internet.

                                                     Initiated and supported by President Lennart
    “Tiger Leap“                                     Meri in 1996, the Tiger Leap program gave
    Estonia did not become an e-state by accident.   Estonian IT a strong kickstart through the
    One of the most significant steps on this         program’s ability to produce IT-savvy students
    road was the 1997 decision to bring people,      from every Estonian school in one fell swoop.
    computers, and the e-world together at the       This sparked the creation of IT jobs but also
    earliest age and begin the nationwide project    created a demand for e-services.
    by equipping schools with the most modern        The Tiger Leap program continues today, and
    computers and internet connections. Thanks to    the education it provides is free for students and
    a program named Tiger Leap, computer skills      teachers alike.
    spread quickly through society.                                            www.tiigrihype.ee




7
E-EDUCATION                                           and every high school graduate may retrieve
                                                          them through the state portal eesti.ee, or may
                                                          opt to receive the results via text message to
    e-School                                              a mobile telephone. Upon completing high
                                                          school, students may submit applications for
    One of the most widely used e-services is
                                                          university admittance via the state’s internet-
    e-school, which serves families with school-
                                                          based application system. The system unites
    age children. This service is useful to everyone:
                                                          the higher-education databases with the
    students, teachers, and parents. Parents are able
                                                          students’ exam results, thus greatly simplifying
    to register their children in school and monitor a
                                                          the exchange of information between the user
    child’s academic performance. Teachers may plan
                                                          and the university.
    lessons and enter information about subjects
    covered in class. Students are able to keep an                                    www.sais.ee
    eye on lesson plans and class schedules.
    e-school enables the anticipation of problems,
    the source of which are often caused by lack
                                                          Broad-based IT
    of information whether from the school or the         Education
    home. With the help of e-school, families are
                                                          A quickly-developing information society needs
    constantly informed concerning matters related
                                                          specialists with broad-based knowledge and
    to their children and school. For the student it is
                                                          practical experience concerning information
    also easier, since dependency on paper diaries
                                                          system security. That’s why almost every
    is eliminated, and lesson plans and homework
                                                          university in Estonia offers a higher education in
    may be accessed at any time.
                                                          some aspect of IT. Some of Estonia’s IT-degrees
                                                          are unique in the world – for example, a master’s
                                www.ekool.eu              degree in cyberdefence born at Tallinn Technical
                                                          University and Tartu University.

    University Via Internet
    At the end of high school, all Estonian students                                 www.tu.ee
    are required to take state exams. Exam results                                   www.ttu.ee
                                                                                   www.itcollege.ee
    are input directly into the information system,



8
Register and e-Land                                  Both registers have received extensive
                                                                                                                   international recognition, including honours at
                                                              Register                                             the European e-Government Awards 2009, the
                                                                                                                   European Enterprise Awards, and others.
    E-SERVICES                                                The basis for a strong economy is citizens
                                                              actively engaged in business. An entrepreneur
                                                              may form a company in Estonia through a
    The State Portal                                          completely bureaucracy-free process directly         The e-Tax Board and
    eesti.ee                                                  at his personal computer. The e-business
                                                              portal’s record for the set-up and registration of
                                                                                                                   Income Declarations
    E-services are not useful if the citizenry is                                                                  Before the e-Tax Board, every taxpayer had to
                                                              a company is 18 minutes. In most instances, it
    unaware of them, or if the services are difficult                                                                manually calculate his income. Now, the same
                                                              would be impossible to even carry documents
    to locate. The state portal eesti.ee gathers all                                                               calculations are automatically made from
                                                              from one official to another in 18 minutes. To
    the state’s e-services in one place. Through this                                                              information collected from employers. A citizen
                                                              create a company via the internet requires
    portal, the citizen may enter the e-tax system,                                                                now must only enter the e-tax system using
                                                              only an Estonian ID card, but the system also
    make application to universities, check his data                                                               his ID card or internet bank, log on, check the
                                                              recognizes ID cards from Belgium, Portugal,
    in the land register, and much more. A citizen                                                                 information automatically assembled, make
                                                              Lithuania, and Finland, and work is currently
    may download, for example, a variety of official                                                                 additions or changes (if necessary), and approve
                                                              underway to enable increasing numbers of
    forms. Whether seeking a pension application                                                                   the declaration. Not a single document must
                                                              other nations’ citizens to electronically register
    or presenting a claim to the labour dispute                                                                    be printed. And waiting in queues during office
                                                              businesses in Estonia.
    commission, it’s all in one place. In addition,                                                                hours is completely eliminated—the e-Tax Board
    access to all e-services are provided via internet                                                             is open around the clock every day of the week.
    banking sites, which makes new services                                          www rik ee/e-arireg ter
                                                                                     www rik ee/e-ariregister
                                                                                       w.rik.e
                                                                                       w.rik.e       regist r      The e-tax system has proved to be Estonia’s
    available to all internet banking customers.                                                                   most popular e-service: in 2010, over 92% of tax
    The portal also shows the citizen what                                                                         declarations were filed via the internet.
    information the state has about him. In the               The e-land register is an internet-based
    interest of security, the portal is not a single, large   electronic land information system, which                                       www.emta.ee
    database, but rather a secure channel to collect          enables searches concerning real estate for a
    information from separate official databases                nominal charge.
    during a single e-service session. Currently, the
    state portal uses approximately 60 databases                                    www.rik.ee/land_register
    and offers 600 different services.

    The e-Business
9
e-Hea
     e-Healthcare                                          Additionally, victims of crimes are not required
                                                           to visit the police station. Crime reports may be
     Although i not possible to heal via the
                  it’s
                                                           submitted electronically and signed digitally.
     internet, life can be made much easier thanks
     to it. Estonia uses digital prescriptions which
            Eston
     are not printed on paper. This is doubly useful:
              prin
     a patient isn’t required to keep track of a paper
                isn
     prescription, and digital prescriptions cannot be
     prescription
     forged or im
                improperly used.                              Cyber Defence
     The e-patie system enables people to book,
          e-patient                                           The idea for a NATO’s “The Cooperative Cyber
     change or c cancel appointments with physicians,         Defence Centre of Excellence” (CCD COE)
     and include a feature to generate reminder
           includes                                           originated in 2004 in Estonia. Thanks to Estonian
     messages s appointments are not forgotten.
                  so                                          developments in the IT sphere, Estonia was
     Also, the pa
                patient may view additions to his file         designated as the centre’s home. The centre is a
     made by th physician, and doctors may access
                the                                           collection of international experts and provides
     data and analysis about the patient made by other
               ana                                            NATO member states throughout the world with
     physicians.                                              the necessary expertise in the ever-changing field
                                                              of cyberdefence.
                                 www.etervis.ee
                                                              The centre also serves to provide expert training
                                                              and consultation for partner nations and to
                                                              research and develop solutions to manage
     e-Police                                                 risks and lessen dangers in the IT field. NATO
                                                              cyberdefence centre is Estonia’s contribution to
     If you see a police car aglow from the light of its
                                                              international cybersecurity, and thanks to this
     onboard computer, it’s not because the officers
                                                              Estonia’s experience and expertise in the sector is
     are surfing the web. They’re actually working.
                                                              shared with many other nations.
     The police have access to online databases (the
     Schengen Zone information system) to determine
                                                                                      www.ccdcoe.org
     whether the individual they’ve stopped is wanted,
     or whether the car he’s driving is stolen. This
     enables the police to make operative decisions
     without exchanging information with a dispatcher.
     The only thing it makes complicated is the life of
     the lawbreaker.

10
e-Banking                                             Nature Online
     Citizens accustomed to the e-state also demand        It isn’t only state bureaus which are accessible via
     paperless solutions from the private sector.          the web: nature is, as well. Web cameras placed
     One of the best examples of this is banking.          at the feeding sites of wild animals eating or at
     The expression “going to the bank” has all            nesting locations of birds are extremely popular.
     but disappeared from the Estonian language.           In addition to bringing nature closer to city
     Instead, an Estonian tends to “log in” to his bank.   dwellers, the cameras have helped apprehend
     For ten years now, Estonians have not been            “nature hooligans” who enter the forest for the
     required to physically visit the bank. To most, it    purpose of disturbing animals and birds.
     is not a question what time the bank opens or
     closes or where it’s located, since the internet                               www.looduskalender.ee
     bank is open 24 hours a day. Currently, 98% of
     banking transactions are conducted via the
     internet. With every bank account comes the
     option to use internet banking.
                                                           Historical Heritage
     Internet banking is safe, since identification         Estonia doesn’t limit the preservation of its
     is verified via an ID card or the aid of a mobile      cultural heritage by simply digitally scanning
     telephone-ID system, both many times more             newspapers. For years now, state museums have
     secure than the popular password card system,         digitally registered their inventory. Also, church
     which Estonia still currently has in parallel use.    books dating to the 18th century have been
                                                           digitized so that everyone with an interest may
                                                           trace his genealogy up to the Middle Ages. State
     e-Ticket                                              archive materials are also available via the web,
     Only tourists buy paper tickets on Estonia’s          which means that serious investigative work
     capital city’s public transportation system. Locals   doesn’t require a trip to the capital. Thanks to
     buy their bus tickets via the internet and their      the internet, cultural heritage is also accessible
     virtual ticket is registered in their personal ID     24 hours a day.
     card, which can be checked with a reader carried
                                                                                               www.ra.ee
     by conductors. Paper tickets have b
                ct               ets h     been almost
     completely c signed to the dustbin of history.
     commpletely consigned
                 y                   du

                                      www
                                      www.pil
                                      ww
                                      www.pilet.ee




11
for sessions of government has functioned           to 90 minutes, leaving the ministers much more
     E-STATE                                              since 2000, and since that time it has not been
                                                          necessary for ministers to arrive with multiple
                                                                                                              time for the discussion of critical issues. Via the
                                                                                                              database, decisions are recorded in writing and
     e-Government and                                     satchels stuffed with documents. The system          may be followed in real time.
                                                          aids more than ministers, of course. Officials        Much of parliament’s work has moved to
     e-Parliament                                         have access to databases in order to familiarize    the internet, as well. Parliament sessions can
     Estonians have always been practical people.         themselves with material, as well as to offer        be followed in real time on the parliament’s
     Why waste paper when you can go without? This        their opinions before an active session. This has   homepage, and stenographic minutes are
     practicality is the root of the electronic aspects   reduced the formal decision-making process          posted the next day, at latest. The parliament’s
     of Estonia’s government. An information system       from the original four or five hours, to only 30     homepage and commission minutes match



12
exactly. Through the e-justice information             change his vote in the voting commission, by
     system, bills may be viewed in all their earlier       voting in the traditional manner.
     forms as they move through the ministries. Via         In the 2009 local elections, 104,413 voters used
     the internet, an interested party can very closely     the e-voting system, with 15.7% of votes cast
     follow the process of creating laws.                   via internet. The number of e-votes and voter
     In Estonia, state institutions’ document registers     turnout in recent elections indicates a positive
     are also open. This provides transparency              effect of the e-voting system on general voter
     in government and aids in the reduction                turnout.“
     of corruption, since every move leaves a
                                                                                          www.valimised.ee
     documented mark.
     Also, Tallinn’s City Council works along the same
     lines as parliament – all council sessions can be      The e-Citizen’s
                                                                e Citizen s
     followed online, and city legislation and other
     documents are available on the homepage.                The e-Gover-
                                 www.valitsus.ee
                                                             nance Academy
                                                               The e-Governance Academy is a non-profit
                                 www.riigikogu.ee
                                                               information society, development- and analysis
                                                               centre, with the goal to share Estonia’s experience
     e-Elections                                               in the areas of e-government, e-democracy, and
                                                               information technology education. More than
     Since 2005, everyone in Estonia has had the
                                                               700 individuals from 36 different nations have
     opportunity to vote electronically via the internet.
                                                               come to learn, including representatives from
     Using an ID card, a voter may cast his vote from
                                                               Canada, Japan, Georgia, India, Namibia, and
     his home or even while travelling abroad. Held
                                                               Pakistan.
     a few days before the paper balloting process,            Estonian experience and knowledge have
     e-voting is the most comfortable way to vote.             aided many nations to make their election
     An ID card and PIN code establish the voter’s             processes more transparent, democratic, and
     identity, but the vote remains anonymous, since           less encumbered by bureaucracy.
     immediately after voting the vote is separated
     from the voter’s connecting digital signature. In                                   www.ega.ee
     the pre-election stage, the voter is entitled to



13
Electronical ID Card                                proven security, the state is able to provide so
                                                         many e-services.
     The key to almost every innovative e-service
                                                         The presence of a united, national electronic
     in Estonia is the electronical ID card — the
                                                         identification system facilitates an increasing
     obligatory identification document which offers
                                                         number of e-services, since developers are
     a wide range of uses. Inside this small document
                                                         not required to create a new authentication
     is a chip, which holds information not only about
                                                         systems.
     the card’s owner, but also two certificates, one
                                                         In addition to the ID card, the mobile ID is
     of which is used to authenticate identity and
                                                         gaining popularity among users. The mobile ID
     the second to render a digital signature. Thanks
                                                         uses the same infrastructure and is indeed an
     to its security, the card is used in many web
                                                         extension of the mobile telephone world. To
     environments where ID verification is needed.
                                                         use e-services, it is no longer necessary to carry
     Internet banking, participation in e-elections,
                                                         plastic cards — PIN codes can be input directly
     buying public transportation tickets, and
                                                         from a mobile telephone.
     much more can be accomplished using the
     electronical ID card.
     The ID card is secure, since PIN codes are also
     required for the card’s operation. The ID card
                                                                                            www.id.ee
     meets the security requirements set by the
     United States Department of Defence, and
     similar technologies are used in banks and
     other entities where identification is of critical      The Estonian company GuardTime developed
     importance.                                            the solution which ensures digital documents
     In Estonia, the ID card is the key to electronic       cannot be altered via special codes impossible
     communication between the state and the                to forge. Their solution is being used in several
     citizen. State services are obtainable through         international organizations.
     the help of the ID card, and thanks to the card’s




14
Digital Signature                                      emergence of development monopolies,
                                                            since the state is not dependent on any single
     A completely paper-free work culture is
                                                            developer. This improves competition within
     predicated on the ability to sign documents
                                                            the country but also guarantees the existence
     digitally. This is done with the aid of the ID card.
                                                            of multiple, high-capability IT companies in the
     Legally speaking, a digital signature does not
                                                            country.
     differ from a signature on paper and both carry
     the same judicial weight.
     For example, when forming a company, all
                                                            Secure e- and Legal
     documents can be signed digitally. It is not           Environments
     possible to copy a digital signature, and a stolen     Estonia’s e-services are regulated by legislation
     digital signature is invalid without the correct       and are in accordance with database security
     codes.                                                 regulations. Estonian laws give e-transactions
                                                            equal status with paper transactions. A digital
     The X-road                                             signature is legally identical to one on paper.
                                                            The abuse of electronic identity is punishable
     The majority who use ID cards on the internet
                                                            by law. The protection of personal data in the
     are unaware that the transaction is connected
                                                            fulfilment of doing work in the public sphere
     to multiple databases — it appears as a single
                                                            and other e-government directives have been
     database for the sake of user comfort. Since the
                                                            carried into Estonian law.
     beginning, Estonia has had the goal of avoiding
                                                            The keeping of electronic information and
     the creation of a single nationwide mammoth
                                                            its use are regulated by several different laws.
     database. In place of this, a technology called
                                                            State institutional use of databases is carefully
     the X-road has been developed, which enables
                                                            monitored via a log book which records public
     cross-usage of different institutions’ databases in
                                                            officials entering the database, as well as the
     a single portal.
                                                            information they accessed, which helps in the
     This modular construction is effective, since
                                                            evaluation of whether the search was justified.
     no single critical point exists which might
     compromise the entire system. A breach in one
     system does not endanger others.
     The X-road also helps Estonia avoid the




15
European and Scandinavian states, and despite
     TECHNOLOGY                                      its small size, the complete paralysis of Estonia’s
                                                     internet connection is virtually impossible due to
     AND                                             multiple duplication of access channels. Estonia
                                                     has equally fast connections to Scandinavia,
     ACCESSIBILITY                                   Russia, and the rest of Europe.

                                                     Connection and User
     Connections Abroad
     Estonia’s location at the crossroads of
                                                     Statistics
     Scandinavia, Europe, and Russia is favourable   The internet is an obvious tool that every
     not only logistically, but also when it comes   Estonian recognises. Of the population aged 16-
     to information technology. Estonian service     74, a full 74% take advantage of it, and 63% of
     providers are directly connected to many        Estonian homes have connections. Only 2% of
                                                     internet users use dial-up connections. Internet
                                                     is available in all schools and libraries. 97% of
                                                     businesses use computers on a daily basis, and
                                                     99% of these use the internet. 66% of businesses
                                                     have a homepage. 40% of businesses choose to




16
receive e-invoices, and 30% of businesses issue
     them.                                                   The GPS-based digital mapping system produced
     In Estonia, there is not a significant difference in      by the company Regio is in use in both western
     internet users’ sex, education, place of dwelling.      and eastern Europe. Services provided under the
     Whether in the countryside or city, two-thirds          name Reach-U are used by many nation’s mobile
                                                             service providers.
     of men and women use the internet. More
     than 60% of new companies are created via the
     e-business register on the internet.

                                                          Mobile Applications
     Mobile Signals and                                   Use of electronic services does not always require

     Wireless Internet                                    a computer. A mobile telephone often suffices.
                                                          M-parking is popular, and registration and
     Estonia is completely covered by three mobile        payment may be done via a mobile telephone.
     network service providers. All the operators         The m-ticket service enables the purchase
     offer internet connections, and in larger towns       of tickets on public transport without cash.
     and cities at least a 3G connection is available.    Through a mobile phone it’s possible to buy
     Additionally, internet via radio frequencies is      theatre tickets and pay at the grocery store.
     available throughout the country. Of Estonia’s       m-services developed in Estonia have been
     45,000 square kilometres, there are more than        successfully applied in other countries, as well.
     1,140 publicly registered wireless internet
     points, most of which are available without cost.
     It is difficult to find a cafe or restaurant without    EstWin
     free, wireless internet, and the majority of local   The state-funded development project EstWin’s
     governments are also covered by wireless. It’s
     g                                                    goal is to build a new generation broadband
     difficult to find a place in Estonia where the
          cu
          cult    find placp                               network which would reach every Estonian
     internet does not reach. Even under the most
     inter rnet d                Eve un
                                 E en                     resident by the year 2015 with connection
     extreme circumstances it’s only a few hundred
     ex reme c
       xtre                        o                      speeds up to 100Mbit/s.
     metres to the nearest signa
     metres o
     met                     signal.
                                 al.

                                   w
                                   ww
                                   www.wifi.ee                                            www.elasa.ee




17
risk patients are fitted with online-transmitters,
     CONCLUSION                                             where doctors automatically receive bulletins
                                                            about their patients’ well being, omitting the
     Many important and fundamental innovations
             imp                                            need for patients to spend a day queuing at the
         e-Esto
     in e-Estonia have already been accomplished,           clinic? Perhaps Estonia could be the first nation in
     but easin up after establishing momentum is
           easing                                           the world to rid itself of thousands of kilograms of
              th
     out of the question. In an information society,        textbooks, and replace them with a lightweight
     everythin
     everything changes so quickly that a bystander         e-reader such as an Apple iPad, or one of its
     is quickly trailing in the dust. Significant projects   successors?
     continue, including EstWin, a commitment to            This is all in the future, and Estonia intends to be
     provide e  every person and every institution in       at the vanguard of developments in every case.
     the count with an internet connection of 100
          country                                           It is Estonia’s policy to continue as an innovative
     Mbit/s by the year 2015. Also in the works is the      and fast-developing nation. Businesses, whose
     full applic
          application of our digital healthcare system.     goal is to find new, innovative solutions and new
     And there is the daily work of keeping the existing    approaches to old problems, will find Estonia
     system o e-services up-to-date, simplifying it,
               of                                           an attractive place. Like Skype Estonia’s chief
     and makin it increasingly user-friendly.
          making                                            Sten Tamkivi has said, we already possess the
     Now is the time to raise the important question –      technological competence and IT-favourable
     what is the role of the state and local governments    environment, and our only intention is to improve
     in Estonia’s e-universe? Can and should we change      them.
     the state’s administrative system as a whole, in       Why not come to Estonia and, together with
     order to take the e-state to a new level?              us, bring progressive plans to fruition. We offer
     Or how far, in general, should we allow e-features     ideas, experience, a highly-educated, ambitious
     to enter our lives? Should every freezer be            workforce, and a government and society which
     equipped with a device that sends the owner a          embrace innovation at every level.
     text message when the food’s “best by” date has
     expired? Or should we attach a transmitter to
                                                            Welcome to e Estonia!
                                                                       e-Estonia!
                                                                             nia!
     every Estonian tree and animal to offer the world’s
     scientists a unique opportunity to monitor via           Estonian Association of Information Techno-
     internet the condition of one country’s natural          logy and Telecommunications
     environment? Or should Estonia be the first               www.itl.ee
                                                                  www.wifi.ee
                                                                  www.wifi.ee
                                                                      w.wi e
                                                                          i
     nation in the world where pensioners and high-



18
19
CONTACT
             Enterprise Estonia
     Lasnamäe 2, Tallinn 11412, Estonia
         Telephone: +372 6279700
             Fax: +372 6279701
                info@eas.ee

            www.estonia.eu
         www.investinestonia.com
        www.tradewithestonia.com
          www.visitestonia.com




20

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E-estonia 2010

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  • 2. Capital: Tallinn Area: 45,227 km2 Population: 1,340,000 Internet users: 74% Country Calling Code: 372 Currency: Eesti kroon (EEK) Currency rate: EUR 1 = EEK 15.65 2
  • 3. CONTENTS E-SOCIETY E-STATE Introduction 5 e-Government and e-Parliament 12 The Whole Human Lifecycle and an e-Elections 13 e-Society 6 The e-Citizen’s Electronical ID Card 14 “Tiger Leap” 7 Digital Signature 15 e-Empowered Citizens 7 The X-road 15 E-EDUCATION Secure e- and Legal Environments 15 e-School 8 TECHNOLOGY AND University Via Internet 8 ACCESSIBILITY Broad-based IT-Education 8 Connections Abroad 16 E-SERVICES Connection and User Statistics 16 The State Portal eesti.ee 9 Mobile Signals and Wireless Internet 17 The e-Business Register and e-Land Register 9 Mobile Applications 17 The e-Tax Board and Income Declarations 9 EstWin 17 e-Healthcare 10 CONCLUSION 18 e-Police 10 e-Banking 11 e-Ticket 11 Nature Online 11 Historical Heritage 11 3
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  • 5. During the last 20 years, Estonia has developed cyberattack, emerging unscathed by mounting E-SOCIETY a complete, well functioning, and secure e-state. For citizens of Estonia, e-services have a vigorous self-defence. become routine: e-elections, e-taxes, e-police, e-healthcare, e-banking, and e-school. The “e” Skype has become an international word prefix for services has almost become trite in recognized everywhere. Almost 10% of the sense that it is truly standard. Most Estonians international calling minutes throughout the would not even consider doing things the old- entire world are made using Skype. This free fashioned way by physically visiting an office. internet calling program was developed in The e-state gives people freedom – to spend Estonia. Skype’s development centre is located time in the forest, countryside, in our countless in Tallinn. Skype’s experience has been that bogs, or even in Tallinn’s famous Old Town in Estonia it is easy to develop innovative which rests beside the modern city. Almost any infrastructure, due to the presence of technological competence in an environment activity can be taken care of with a few clicks via favourable to IT development. the internet. These modern city office buildings are Were the internet to have a postal address, it would most likely Skype’s Chief Evangelist and General Manager increasingly used by IT companies which seek of the Tallinn office, Sten Tamkivi, is fond be here in Estonia. We have reason to be proud of our highly- an innovative, highly-educated, cost-effective of relating the simple equation of Skype’s developed telecommunications network. Estonia is a place workforce. One example of many: From its original success: “Four guys in a room for six you can take your laptop into the deepest forest and still hook development centre in Tallinn, Skype creates months and the result was one million users up to the internet. It is no accident that Skype was born here. a large part of the software used by its loyal two months after launch.” The strength of customer base of 500 million people. Skype — and perhaps the strength of Estonian Toomas Hendrik Ilves IT — is that its hallmark is simple efficiency. President of the Republic of Estonia Thanks to its small size, Estonia is an ideal place It is not burdened with layers of cumbersome for testing new solutions. The implementation management or formalities. “Before I came to Skype,” says Tamkivi, “I used to bid against a lot and feedback processes move very quickly. of Western European companies for jobs. They These words of Estonia’s President Toomas Many solutions engineered in Estonia have been would offer a three-layer project organization Hendrik Ilves characterize well the noteworthy later exported, including e-elections, e-school, with complicated reporting structures. We’d achievements of Estonia in its transition from a and m-parking (the “m” means “mobile”). put four guys in a room and get the job done.” Soviet society into one of Europe’s most modern It may also be of interest that Estonia is the only states. nation in the world which has survived a full-on 5
  • 6. The Whole Human Lifecycle and an e-Society In Estonia, it is understood that the value of an IT solution is greater the more useful it is in everyday life. For this reason, the state has supported the development of e-solutions for every stage of an individual’s life. e-solutions are available for child subsidies, school applications, for ordering theatre tickets, seeking employ- ment, booking doctors’ appointments, and applying for pensions. In the works is a plan to enable marriage registrations via internet or, in less unhappier situations, divorces. The majority of forms and applications from state institutions are available in electronic form and may be submitted electronically. Citizens are not required to visit state institutions, freeing time which may be devoted to other pursuits. Estonians are so accustomed to e-services that they always first ask for the institution’s web address, instead of the telephone number. Only if it transpires that an Estonian can’t find an institution’s or business’ web service link or electronic registration system will he pick up the telephone. Every citizen is encouraged to offer proposals for new e-services or present questions via the e-participation portal, osale.ee. Thanks to this process, the state’s actions serve the actual needs of the citizens. 6
  • 7. e-Empowered Citizens While the Tiger Leap program was to provide a broadbased computer education for students and teachers, the program Vaata Maailma (“Look at the World”) was targeted at the society as a whole who wished to develop along with the information society. The program continues to offer free computer and internet training courses throughout Estonia. Vaata Maailma’s goal was to reduce the digital gap and bring an active e-life to those who, because of their age or other reasons, might have otherwise remained behind. Thanks to the Vaata Maailma program, IT-savvy pensioners are not a rare sight in Estonia. Many actively handle their affairs via the internet. Initiated and supported by President Lennart “Tiger Leap“ Meri in 1996, the Tiger Leap program gave Estonia did not become an e-state by accident. Estonian IT a strong kickstart through the One of the most significant steps on this program’s ability to produce IT-savvy students road was the 1997 decision to bring people, from every Estonian school in one fell swoop. computers, and the e-world together at the This sparked the creation of IT jobs but also earliest age and begin the nationwide project created a demand for e-services. by equipping schools with the most modern The Tiger Leap program continues today, and computers and internet connections. Thanks to the education it provides is free for students and a program named Tiger Leap, computer skills teachers alike. spread quickly through society. www.tiigrihype.ee 7
  • 8. E-EDUCATION and every high school graduate may retrieve them through the state portal eesti.ee, or may opt to receive the results via text message to e-School a mobile telephone. Upon completing high school, students may submit applications for One of the most widely used e-services is university admittance via the state’s internet- e-school, which serves families with school- based application system. The system unites age children. This service is useful to everyone: the higher-education databases with the students, teachers, and parents. Parents are able students’ exam results, thus greatly simplifying to register their children in school and monitor a the exchange of information between the user child’s academic performance. Teachers may plan and the university. lessons and enter information about subjects covered in class. Students are able to keep an www.sais.ee eye on lesson plans and class schedules. e-school enables the anticipation of problems, the source of which are often caused by lack Broad-based IT of information whether from the school or the Education home. With the help of e-school, families are A quickly-developing information society needs constantly informed concerning matters related specialists with broad-based knowledge and to their children and school. For the student it is practical experience concerning information also easier, since dependency on paper diaries system security. That’s why almost every is eliminated, and lesson plans and homework university in Estonia offers a higher education in may be accessed at any time. some aspect of IT. Some of Estonia’s IT-degrees are unique in the world – for example, a master’s www.ekool.eu degree in cyberdefence born at Tallinn Technical University and Tartu University. University Via Internet At the end of high school, all Estonian students www.tu.ee are required to take state exams. Exam results www.ttu.ee www.itcollege.ee are input directly into the information system, 8
  • 9. Register and e-Land Both registers have received extensive international recognition, including honours at Register the European e-Government Awards 2009, the European Enterprise Awards, and others. E-SERVICES The basis for a strong economy is citizens actively engaged in business. An entrepreneur may form a company in Estonia through a The State Portal completely bureaucracy-free process directly The e-Tax Board and eesti.ee at his personal computer. The e-business portal’s record for the set-up and registration of Income Declarations E-services are not useful if the citizenry is Before the e-Tax Board, every taxpayer had to a company is 18 minutes. In most instances, it unaware of them, or if the services are difficult manually calculate his income. Now, the same would be impossible to even carry documents to locate. The state portal eesti.ee gathers all calculations are automatically made from from one official to another in 18 minutes. To the state’s e-services in one place. Through this information collected from employers. A citizen create a company via the internet requires portal, the citizen may enter the e-tax system, now must only enter the e-tax system using only an Estonian ID card, but the system also make application to universities, check his data his ID card or internet bank, log on, check the recognizes ID cards from Belgium, Portugal, in the land register, and much more. A citizen information automatically assembled, make Lithuania, and Finland, and work is currently may download, for example, a variety of official additions or changes (if necessary), and approve underway to enable increasing numbers of forms. Whether seeking a pension application the declaration. Not a single document must other nations’ citizens to electronically register or presenting a claim to the labour dispute be printed. And waiting in queues during office businesses in Estonia. commission, it’s all in one place. In addition, hours is completely eliminated—the e-Tax Board access to all e-services are provided via internet is open around the clock every day of the week. banking sites, which makes new services www rik ee/e-arireg ter www rik ee/e-ariregister w.rik.e w.rik.e regist r The e-tax system has proved to be Estonia’s available to all internet banking customers. most popular e-service: in 2010, over 92% of tax The portal also shows the citizen what declarations were filed via the internet. information the state has about him. In the The e-land register is an internet-based interest of security, the portal is not a single, large electronic land information system, which www.emta.ee database, but rather a secure channel to collect enables searches concerning real estate for a information from separate official databases nominal charge. during a single e-service session. Currently, the state portal uses approximately 60 databases www.rik.ee/land_register and offers 600 different services. The e-Business 9
  • 10. e-Hea e-Healthcare Additionally, victims of crimes are not required to visit the police station. Crime reports may be Although i not possible to heal via the it’s submitted electronically and signed digitally. internet, life can be made much easier thanks to it. Estonia uses digital prescriptions which Eston are not printed on paper. This is doubly useful: prin a patient isn’t required to keep track of a paper isn prescription, and digital prescriptions cannot be prescription forged or im improperly used. Cyber Defence The e-patie system enables people to book, e-patient The idea for a NATO’s “The Cooperative Cyber change or c cancel appointments with physicians, Defence Centre of Excellence” (CCD COE) and include a feature to generate reminder includes originated in 2004 in Estonia. Thanks to Estonian messages s appointments are not forgotten. so developments in the IT sphere, Estonia was Also, the pa patient may view additions to his file designated as the centre’s home. The centre is a made by th physician, and doctors may access the collection of international experts and provides data and analysis about the patient made by other ana NATO member states throughout the world with physicians. the necessary expertise in the ever-changing field of cyberdefence. www.etervis.ee The centre also serves to provide expert training and consultation for partner nations and to research and develop solutions to manage e-Police risks and lessen dangers in the IT field. NATO cyberdefence centre is Estonia’s contribution to If you see a police car aglow from the light of its international cybersecurity, and thanks to this onboard computer, it’s not because the officers Estonia’s experience and expertise in the sector is are surfing the web. They’re actually working. shared with many other nations. The police have access to online databases (the Schengen Zone information system) to determine www.ccdcoe.org whether the individual they’ve stopped is wanted, or whether the car he’s driving is stolen. This enables the police to make operative decisions without exchanging information with a dispatcher. The only thing it makes complicated is the life of the lawbreaker. 10
  • 11. e-Banking Nature Online Citizens accustomed to the e-state also demand It isn’t only state bureaus which are accessible via paperless solutions from the private sector. the web: nature is, as well. Web cameras placed One of the best examples of this is banking. at the feeding sites of wild animals eating or at The expression “going to the bank” has all nesting locations of birds are extremely popular. but disappeared from the Estonian language. In addition to bringing nature closer to city Instead, an Estonian tends to “log in” to his bank. dwellers, the cameras have helped apprehend For ten years now, Estonians have not been “nature hooligans” who enter the forest for the required to physically visit the bank. To most, it purpose of disturbing animals and birds. is not a question what time the bank opens or closes or where it’s located, since the internet www.looduskalender.ee bank is open 24 hours a day. Currently, 98% of banking transactions are conducted via the internet. With every bank account comes the option to use internet banking. Historical Heritage Internet banking is safe, since identification Estonia doesn’t limit the preservation of its is verified via an ID card or the aid of a mobile cultural heritage by simply digitally scanning telephone-ID system, both many times more newspapers. For years now, state museums have secure than the popular password card system, digitally registered their inventory. Also, church which Estonia still currently has in parallel use. books dating to the 18th century have been digitized so that everyone with an interest may trace his genealogy up to the Middle Ages. State e-Ticket archive materials are also available via the web, Only tourists buy paper tickets on Estonia’s which means that serious investigative work capital city’s public transportation system. Locals doesn’t require a trip to the capital. Thanks to buy their bus tickets via the internet and their the internet, cultural heritage is also accessible virtual ticket is registered in their personal ID 24 hours a day. card, which can be checked with a reader carried www.ra.ee by conductors. Paper tickets have b ct ets h been almost completely c signed to the dustbin of history. commpletely consigned y du www www.pil ww www.pilet.ee 11
  • 12. for sessions of government has functioned to 90 minutes, leaving the ministers much more E-STATE since 2000, and since that time it has not been necessary for ministers to arrive with multiple time for the discussion of critical issues. Via the database, decisions are recorded in writing and e-Government and satchels stuffed with documents. The system may be followed in real time. aids more than ministers, of course. Officials Much of parliament’s work has moved to e-Parliament have access to databases in order to familiarize the internet, as well. Parliament sessions can Estonians have always been practical people. themselves with material, as well as to offer be followed in real time on the parliament’s Why waste paper when you can go without? This their opinions before an active session. This has homepage, and stenographic minutes are practicality is the root of the electronic aspects reduced the formal decision-making process posted the next day, at latest. The parliament’s of Estonia’s government. An information system from the original four or five hours, to only 30 homepage and commission minutes match 12
  • 13. exactly. Through the e-justice information change his vote in the voting commission, by system, bills may be viewed in all their earlier voting in the traditional manner. forms as they move through the ministries. Via In the 2009 local elections, 104,413 voters used the internet, an interested party can very closely the e-voting system, with 15.7% of votes cast follow the process of creating laws. via internet. The number of e-votes and voter In Estonia, state institutions’ document registers turnout in recent elections indicates a positive are also open. This provides transparency effect of the e-voting system on general voter in government and aids in the reduction turnout.“ of corruption, since every move leaves a www.valimised.ee documented mark. Also, Tallinn’s City Council works along the same lines as parliament – all council sessions can be The e-Citizen’s e Citizen s followed online, and city legislation and other documents are available on the homepage. The e-Gover- www.valitsus.ee nance Academy The e-Governance Academy is a non-profit www.riigikogu.ee information society, development- and analysis centre, with the goal to share Estonia’s experience e-Elections in the areas of e-government, e-democracy, and information technology education. More than Since 2005, everyone in Estonia has had the 700 individuals from 36 different nations have opportunity to vote electronically via the internet. come to learn, including representatives from Using an ID card, a voter may cast his vote from Canada, Japan, Georgia, India, Namibia, and his home or even while travelling abroad. Held Pakistan. a few days before the paper balloting process, Estonian experience and knowledge have e-voting is the most comfortable way to vote. aided many nations to make their election An ID card and PIN code establish the voter’s processes more transparent, democratic, and identity, but the vote remains anonymous, since less encumbered by bureaucracy. immediately after voting the vote is separated from the voter’s connecting digital signature. In www.ega.ee the pre-election stage, the voter is entitled to 13
  • 14. Electronical ID Card proven security, the state is able to provide so many e-services. The key to almost every innovative e-service The presence of a united, national electronic in Estonia is the electronical ID card — the identification system facilitates an increasing obligatory identification document which offers number of e-services, since developers are a wide range of uses. Inside this small document not required to create a new authentication is a chip, which holds information not only about systems. the card’s owner, but also two certificates, one In addition to the ID card, the mobile ID is of which is used to authenticate identity and gaining popularity among users. The mobile ID the second to render a digital signature. Thanks uses the same infrastructure and is indeed an to its security, the card is used in many web extension of the mobile telephone world. To environments where ID verification is needed. use e-services, it is no longer necessary to carry Internet banking, participation in e-elections, plastic cards — PIN codes can be input directly buying public transportation tickets, and from a mobile telephone. much more can be accomplished using the electronical ID card. The ID card is secure, since PIN codes are also required for the card’s operation. The ID card www.id.ee meets the security requirements set by the United States Department of Defence, and similar technologies are used in banks and other entities where identification is of critical The Estonian company GuardTime developed importance. the solution which ensures digital documents In Estonia, the ID card is the key to electronic cannot be altered via special codes impossible communication between the state and the to forge. Their solution is being used in several citizen. State services are obtainable through international organizations. the help of the ID card, and thanks to the card’s 14
  • 15. Digital Signature emergence of development monopolies, since the state is not dependent on any single A completely paper-free work culture is developer. This improves competition within predicated on the ability to sign documents the country but also guarantees the existence digitally. This is done with the aid of the ID card. of multiple, high-capability IT companies in the Legally speaking, a digital signature does not country. differ from a signature on paper and both carry the same judicial weight. For example, when forming a company, all Secure e- and Legal documents can be signed digitally. It is not Environments possible to copy a digital signature, and a stolen Estonia’s e-services are regulated by legislation digital signature is invalid without the correct and are in accordance with database security codes. regulations. Estonian laws give e-transactions equal status with paper transactions. A digital The X-road signature is legally identical to one on paper. The abuse of electronic identity is punishable The majority who use ID cards on the internet by law. The protection of personal data in the are unaware that the transaction is connected fulfilment of doing work in the public sphere to multiple databases — it appears as a single and other e-government directives have been database for the sake of user comfort. Since the carried into Estonian law. beginning, Estonia has had the goal of avoiding The keeping of electronic information and the creation of a single nationwide mammoth its use are regulated by several different laws. database. In place of this, a technology called State institutional use of databases is carefully the X-road has been developed, which enables monitored via a log book which records public cross-usage of different institutions’ databases in officials entering the database, as well as the a single portal. information they accessed, which helps in the This modular construction is effective, since evaluation of whether the search was justified. no single critical point exists which might compromise the entire system. A breach in one system does not endanger others. The X-road also helps Estonia avoid the 15
  • 16. European and Scandinavian states, and despite TECHNOLOGY its small size, the complete paralysis of Estonia’s internet connection is virtually impossible due to AND multiple duplication of access channels. Estonia has equally fast connections to Scandinavia, ACCESSIBILITY Russia, and the rest of Europe. Connection and User Connections Abroad Estonia’s location at the crossroads of Statistics Scandinavia, Europe, and Russia is favourable The internet is an obvious tool that every not only logistically, but also when it comes Estonian recognises. Of the population aged 16- to information technology. Estonian service 74, a full 74% take advantage of it, and 63% of providers are directly connected to many Estonian homes have connections. Only 2% of internet users use dial-up connections. Internet is available in all schools and libraries. 97% of businesses use computers on a daily basis, and 99% of these use the internet. 66% of businesses have a homepage. 40% of businesses choose to 16
  • 17. receive e-invoices, and 30% of businesses issue them. The GPS-based digital mapping system produced In Estonia, there is not a significant difference in by the company Regio is in use in both western internet users’ sex, education, place of dwelling. and eastern Europe. Services provided under the Whether in the countryside or city, two-thirds name Reach-U are used by many nation’s mobile service providers. of men and women use the internet. More than 60% of new companies are created via the e-business register on the internet. Mobile Applications Mobile Signals and Use of electronic services does not always require Wireless Internet a computer. A mobile telephone often suffices. M-parking is popular, and registration and Estonia is completely covered by three mobile payment may be done via a mobile telephone. network service providers. All the operators The m-ticket service enables the purchase offer internet connections, and in larger towns of tickets on public transport without cash. and cities at least a 3G connection is available. Through a mobile phone it’s possible to buy Additionally, internet via radio frequencies is theatre tickets and pay at the grocery store. available throughout the country. Of Estonia’s m-services developed in Estonia have been 45,000 square kilometres, there are more than successfully applied in other countries, as well. 1,140 publicly registered wireless internet points, most of which are available without cost. It is difficult to find a cafe or restaurant without EstWin free, wireless internet, and the majority of local The state-funded development project EstWin’s governments are also covered by wireless. It’s g goal is to build a new generation broadband difficult to find a place in Estonia where the cu cult find placp network which would reach every Estonian internet does not reach. Even under the most inter rnet d Eve un E en resident by the year 2015 with connection extreme circumstances it’s only a few hundred ex reme c xtre o speeds up to 100Mbit/s. metres to the nearest signa metres o met signal. al. w ww www.wifi.ee www.elasa.ee 17
  • 18. risk patients are fitted with online-transmitters, CONCLUSION where doctors automatically receive bulletins about their patients’ well being, omitting the Many important and fundamental innovations imp need for patients to spend a day queuing at the e-Esto in e-Estonia have already been accomplished, clinic? Perhaps Estonia could be the first nation in but easin up after establishing momentum is easing the world to rid itself of thousands of kilograms of th out of the question. In an information society, textbooks, and replace them with a lightweight everythin everything changes so quickly that a bystander e-reader such as an Apple iPad, or one of its is quickly trailing in the dust. Significant projects successors? continue, including EstWin, a commitment to This is all in the future, and Estonia intends to be provide e every person and every institution in at the vanguard of developments in every case. the count with an internet connection of 100 country It is Estonia’s policy to continue as an innovative Mbit/s by the year 2015. Also in the works is the and fast-developing nation. Businesses, whose full applic application of our digital healthcare system. goal is to find new, innovative solutions and new And there is the daily work of keeping the existing approaches to old problems, will find Estonia system o e-services up-to-date, simplifying it, of an attractive place. Like Skype Estonia’s chief and makin it increasingly user-friendly. making Sten Tamkivi has said, we already possess the Now is the time to raise the important question – technological competence and IT-favourable what is the role of the state and local governments environment, and our only intention is to improve in Estonia’s e-universe? Can and should we change them. the state’s administrative system as a whole, in Why not come to Estonia and, together with order to take the e-state to a new level? us, bring progressive plans to fruition. We offer Or how far, in general, should we allow e-features ideas, experience, a highly-educated, ambitious to enter our lives? Should every freezer be workforce, and a government and society which equipped with a device that sends the owner a embrace innovation at every level. text message when the food’s “best by” date has expired? Or should we attach a transmitter to Welcome to e Estonia! e-Estonia! nia! every Estonian tree and animal to offer the world’s scientists a unique opportunity to monitor via Estonian Association of Information Techno- internet the condition of one country’s natural logy and Telecommunications environment? Or should Estonia be the first www.itl.ee www.wifi.ee www.wifi.ee w.wi e i nation in the world where pensioners and high- 18
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  • 20. CONTACT Enterprise Estonia Lasnamäe 2, Tallinn 11412, Estonia Telephone: +372 6279700 Fax: +372 6279701 info@eas.ee www.estonia.eu www.investinestonia.com www.tradewithestonia.com www.visitestonia.com 20