1. Point Mutations Mutations involving a few nucleotides, sometimes as few as a single one (SNPs) 04/19/10

4. Shape and AA Sequence 04/19/10 Genistein, bound to estrogen receptor-b. Only two amino acids (shown) differ between the two estrogen receptors. ( purple : ER-a) ( yellow: ER-b)

14. Point Mutations Can Happen During DNA Repair 04/19/10

19. Mutations in PIK3CA Where is this gene mutated? 04/19/10

22. Why Might Anyone Want to Know This? 04/19/10

24. Genes and Environment 04/19/10

29. Without the Presence of the Environmental Factor, These Genes Do Not Lead to Disease 04/19/10 Read about: Genetics, race, ethnicity, and health A SAMPLING OF ENVIRONMENTAL GENES Polymorphism Function Environmental exposure Associated disease CYP1A1 Activation Smoking Lung cancer NAT2 Detoxification Smoking Bladder, breast cancer GSTT1 Detoxification Chlorinated solvents Cancer, toxicity Paraoxonase Detoxification Nerve agents, pesticides Nervous system damage HLA-H Nutritional factors Iron in diet Hemochromatosis TGF-alpha Growth factor Maternal smoking Cleft lip & palate Locus on chrom. 17 in mice Immune/inflammatory response Ozone Lung inflammation HLA-DP bet1 marker Immune response Beryllium Chronic beryllium disease (lung disorder) ALAD Biosynthesis Lead Lead poisoning

30. More about diseases (heart, cancer, diabetes) and environment here (very informative!) 04/19/10

31. Genes and Skin Color 04/19/10

36. 04/19/10 Published by AAAS R. L. Lamason et al., Science 310, 1782 -1786 (2005) Fig. 6. Effect of SLC24A5 Genotype on Pigmentation in Admixed Populations

37. Genes and the Size of a Dog A SNIP in the IGF-1 Gene Determines Dog Size 04/19/10

39. This Rabbit Must Have The Large Version 04/19/10

40. Last Not Least Genes and HIV Progression 04/19/10

42. On the Up-Side Eternal Life? 04/19/10

44. The End 04/19/10