2. Objectives and Types of Planters
• Planting equipment is any power operated device
used to place seed, seed pieces, or plant parts in or on
the soil for propagation and production of food, fiber
and feed crops.
• It is classified as follows :-
1) Row crop planters - Trailing-Drill
- Hill drop
- Check row
3. 2) Front tractor mounted - Drill
- Hill drop
- Check row
3) Rear tractor mounted - Drill
- Hill drop
- Check row
- Transplanters
4) Broadcast crop planters
- Endgate seeders
- Narrow & wide track & weeder mulcher
- Airplane
5) Seed Drills
6) Planting attachment for other equipment
4. With appropriate planting equipment, seeds may be distributed
according to any of the following methods or patterns:
a) Broadcasting - scattering of seeds over the surface of the field
b) Drill seeding - dropping and covering of seeds in furrows to
give definite rows
c) Precision planting - accurate planting of single seeds at about
equal intervals in rows
d) Hill dropping - placing group of seeds at equal intervals in
rows
e) Check row planting - accurate and indexed placement of hills
or group of seeds to give rows in two
perpendicular directions
5. Drill Seeders
The seed drill consists of grain tank, furrow openers, tubes and
fluted wheels. Some drill have fertilizer equipment at the rear
section of drill
Seed drills tend to give higher yields because of greater
uniformity of seed distribution and the more uniform seeding
depth
Designed and built to place the seed of small grains and grasses
in the ground in narrow spaced rows at a uniform depth
The principal parts are:-
The main frame, transport and drive wheels, a box for the seed,
a device to meter the seed out of the hopper in uniform
quantities, furrow openers to open the furrows for the seed and
covering devices
6. Seed Drill
Construction of major components:
1) Full width seed box to hold seeds
2) Furrow opener
- to cut open a shallow furrow into which seeds are to
be placed
3) A metering device or feeding mechanism
- meter out the correct amount of seeds for each row
4) A seed hopper
- to deliver seeds from feeding mechanism and drop into
the furrow of each row
5) A pair of land wheels
- support the planter and to drive the feeding mechanism
7. Machines for Fertilizer Application
3 common types used to broadcast dry chemicals
are:-
1) Drop type distributor
Trailer mounted hopper with a series of drops or holes
in the bottom
The operator opens or closes the drops. The
application rate depends on travel speed as well as the
rate at which the chemical flows out of hopper
Capacity between 1120-2240 kg/ ha, width ranges
from 2.5-3.5 meters (8-12’)
8. 2) Spin spreader
– Uses one or two spinning disks to distribute the
material
– The material is metered onto the disks by a drag
chain running through the bottom of hopper
– Hopper capacities range up to 9 metric tons
– Spread pattern may extend to 60 feet
– Application rate 28-2240 kg/ha
– Mounted on trailers or trucks
3) Airplane
