.Net & c#

Alexandre Marreiros, 2011

introduction to .Net concepts using c#


Agenda
 Introduction
 .NET core framework
 CLR
 JIT Compiler
 Managed Code
 Memmory Management
 .NET & C#
 CTS
 C# language


Introduction
 .NET is a framework that provides a big set of
cross plataform technologies

 A program written in .NET can run in any system
that has a implementation of .NET runtime;

 Includes a virtual machine runtime;

 Provides a programing API, and a unified
language independent development framework;


.NET Core Framework

Common Language Runtime

Framework Class Library


.NET Core Framework


Operating System


.NET Core Framework

.NET Framework


Operating System


.NET Core Framework

C++ C# VB.NET Perl J# F# …

Common Language Specification

.NET Framework Class Lybrary


Operating System


.NET Core Framework

ASP.NET
WP7
MVC3

ASP .NET
Web Forms
Windows
Silverlight WCF WWF EF
Web Services Forms

ADO .NET and XML

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)


Operating System


.NET Core Framework
Compiles

Code in DLL or Exe
C#, Vb.NET …
Managed Assembly

(IL)

*more about this at .NET IL assembler, Lindin


.NET Core Framework

CLR SO

IL Code Assembly

Compile
Runing
Program



.NET Core Framework

Source Language Code
Compilation
Code Compiler Metadata

Native JIT Class Execution
Code Compiler Loader



.NET Core Framework
Source
code VB C# C++
Compiler Compiler Compiler

MSIL Assembly Assembly Assembly

Common Language Runtime JIT Compiler

Native Managed Managed Managed Unmanaged
code Code CLR
Code Code Code

Operating System Services



.NET Core Framework
Type Descriptions
Classes
Base classes
Implemented interfaces
Data members
Methods

Assembly Description
Name
Version
Culture
Other assemblies
Security Permissions
Exported Types



.NET Core Framework
Assembly

Bin folder So GAC



.NET Core Framework
 IL (MSIL or CIL) – Intermediate Language
 It is low-level (machine) language, like
Assembler, but is Object-oriented

 CTS is a rich type system built into the CLR
 Implements various types
And operations on those types

 CLS is a set of specifications that all languages and
libraries need to follow
 This will ensure interoperability between languages


CLR
 Operational Layer betwen the .NET app and
the operating system;
 Manages runing code like a Virtual machine
 Threading
 Memory management
 Jit Compiling
 Code access security
 Code can be verified to be granted as type safe
 Role base security


JIT Compiler

 Based on the CLR Class loader job, this
entity is responsible for transforming IL code
in to native code;

 Compilation ondemand when a method is
called


Managed Code
 Code that targets CLR is named as Managed
Code
 Object oriented
 Type-Safe
 Cross Language integration
 Exception Handling
 Verioning
 Represented in MSIL


Memmory Management
The CLR manages memory for managed code

 All allocations of objects and buffers made from a
Managed Heap (keyword new)

 Unused objects and buffers are cleaned up
automatically through Garbage Collection

*more about this at CLR via C#, Jeffrey Ritcher


.NET & C#

&


CTS

 Any .NET language have the same
datatypes, that are based in CTS rules

 At Binary Level all modules and elements
writen in a .NET language are compatible


CTS

.Net Types

Value Type ReferenceType


CTS – Value Types
Most programming languages provide built-in data types, such as integers
and floating-point numbers that are copied when they are passed as
arguments (that is, they are passed by value). In the .NET Framework, these
are called value type.

ValueTypes are always passed by copy between methods and in terms of
memory management they work based on a stack philosophy.


CTS – Reference Types
Only acesseble by Reference, Are used as na overload to Object
Types, Their base class are always the Object Type.

Reference types store a reference to the value’s memory address and are
allocated on the heap. Reference types can be self-describing types, pointer
types, or interface types. The data type can be determined from values of
self-describing types. Self-describing types are further split into arrays and
class types. The class types are user-defined classes, boxed value
types, and delegates.


CTS-Value Types & Ref. Types

Value Types ReferenceTypes

Demo Value Type vs reference type

Explanation for study proposes http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc301569.aspx


CTS-Boxing and Unboxing

Demo Boxing and unboxing

*Explanation for study proposeshttp://www.codeproject.com/Articles/76153/6-important-NET-concepts-Stack-heap-Value-types-re


CTS – Types of strutures
 .NET defines diferent kinds of Object strutures:

 Struct

 Interface

 Class

 Abstract Class

 Static Class

 Enum


CTS – objects inner concepts
 Field

 Method

 Attribute

 Propertie


CTS - Visibility
 Assembly

 Private

 Protected

 Public


CTS - Inheritance
Interfaces Class

Many Class Just 1 class
Inheritance inheritance

Class


Demo first Console app


CTS - Delegates
Delegates in .NET languages such as C# and are
akin to function pointers in C++. I have found that
simply being aware of this pseudonym is extremely
helpful in understanding delegates. The term helps
us to understand that delegates allow a developer
to provide a pointer to a method/function/sub etc.

But when would a developer find this to be useful?


CTS - Delegates
Declaration:
public delegate int Comparer(object obj1, object obj2);

Delegate event handler:
public static int CompareFirstNames(object name1, object name
2)

Demo Delegates


CTS - Events


CTS - Events
 A C# event is a class member that is activated whenever the
event it was designed for occurs. I like to use the term "fires"
when the event is activated. Anyone interested in the event can
register and be notified as soon as the event fires. At the time
an event fires, registered methods will be invoked.

 Events and delegates work hand-in-hand to provide a program's
functionality. It starts with a class that declares an event. Any
class, including the same class that the event is declared in, may
register one of its methods for the event. This occurs through
a delegate, which specifies the signature of the method that is
registered for the event. The delegate may be one of the pre-
defined .NET delegates or one you declare yourself. Whichever
is appropriate, you assign the delegate to the event, which
effectively registers the method that will be called when
theevent fires


CTS - Events
Declare delegate
public delegate void Startdelegate()

Declare Event
public event Startdelegate StartEvent;

Register as a EventListner
StartEvent += new Startdelegate(OnStartEvent);


CTS - Events

Demo Event


C#
Now that you already now the basics of .Net Let’s explore a litle bit c#
language


C#
Simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented
programming language.

Strong type checking, array bounds
checking, detection of attempts to use un-initialized
variables.

Automatic garbage collection.


C#
Support for internationalization.

Suitable for writing applications for both hosted and
embedded systems.

Low memory and processing power requirements.

There are no global variables.

Code is compiled as managed


C#
Compare operators

== Equal
!= Not equal
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
< Less than
<= Less than or equal to


C# - Decision Methods
if( cond ){}
else{}

switch(s){
case "1":
Console.WriteLine("You entered 1");
break;
case "2":
break;
case "3":
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("You entered some other number");
break;
}


C#-Loops

for (x = 1; x <= 5; x++){}

while (y <= 5){}

Do{} while (y<=5);

Foreach(object o in array);


C#
Other concepts hands on and final considerations

Questions?


References
 Books:
 CLR via c#, Richter
 .Net fundamentals, Don Box
 .Net IL assembler, Lindin

 Visit following web sites:
 .NET Framework Home Site –
http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframework/
 The Microsoft .NET Framework Community –
http://www.gotdotnet.com/
 Code Project – http://www.codeproject.net/
 Mono – Open Source .NET Framework – http://www.go-
mono.org/
 Rotor – Shared Source .NET CLI –
http://msdn.microsoft.com/net/sscli/
 Read the news groups:
 news://msnews.microsoft.com/microsoft.public.dotnet.framewor
k


Email: Amarreiros@gmail.com
Twitter: @alexmarreiros

Feel free to ask

.Net & c#

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (20)

Similaire à .Net & c#

Similaire à .Net & c# (20)

Plus de Alexandre Marreiros

Plus de Alexandre Marreiros (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

.Net & c#