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X RAY FILMS AND THEIR
DEVELOPMENT
          Presented
             By
        AMIT KUMAR
       ME FINAL YEAR
        (0708240008)
X RAY FILMS:
X ray film is a sheet of plastic (polyester,
nitrocellulose or cellulose acetate) coated with
an emulsion-gelatin containing light-sensitive
silver halide salts.
X-ray films have two essential
components –
 Base- Polyester (polyethylene
         terephthalate resin) 0.2mm
  thick.
 Emulsion- Silver halide crystals
             suspended in gelatin.
  (0.007-             0.02mm).
Cross section of x-ray film

                   Gelatin super-coat




 Emulsion   base               Adhesive



                   Gelatin super-coat
BASE
CHARACTERISTICS-
•Transparent
• Flexible
• Untearable
• Uniform thickness & colour
• Impermeable in water & processing solution
• Non inflammable
• Chemically inactive
• Dimensionally stable throughout processing.
FUNCTION OF FILM BASE-
1) Support for emulsion layer.
2) Transmit light to view image.
EMULSION
Microscopic crystals of silver-bromide
 &
  silver iodide suspended in gelatin.
Gelatin- treated with mustardoil
      improves sensitivity of
          emulsion
      keeps silver halides
          uniformly dispersed
      readily penetrated by
          processing chemicals and
 water
Types of films
1. Duplitized emulsion films
      a) Direct exposure (non-screen
  films)
              . Intra-oral dental films
              . Kidney surgery films
              . Radiation monitoring films
      b) Screen type films (for use with
  intensifying screens)
Duplitizing Films
2. Single emulsion film
a) Screen type films (for use with single
  intensifying screens)- Mammography.
b) Photoflurographic films- cine films-
  miniature radiograph.
c) Cathode-ray-tube (CRT)
  photography- USG, CT, MRI.
d) Subtraction films.
e) Laser imaging film
Single sided emulsion film

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X ray films and their development by amit kumar

  • 1. X RAY FILMS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT Presented By AMIT KUMAR ME FINAL YEAR (0708240008)
  • 2. X RAY FILMS: X ray film is a sheet of plastic (polyester, nitrocellulose or cellulose acetate) coated with an emulsion-gelatin containing light-sensitive silver halide salts.
  • 3. X-ray films have two essential components –  Base- Polyester (polyethylene terephthalate resin) 0.2mm thick.  Emulsion- Silver halide crystals suspended in gelatin. (0.007- 0.02mm).
  • 4. Cross section of x-ray film Gelatin super-coat Emulsion base Adhesive Gelatin super-coat
  • 5. BASE CHARACTERISTICS- •Transparent • Flexible • Untearable • Uniform thickness & colour • Impermeable in water & processing solution • Non inflammable • Chemically inactive • Dimensionally stable throughout processing. FUNCTION OF FILM BASE- 1) Support for emulsion layer. 2) Transmit light to view image.
  • 6. EMULSION Microscopic crystals of silver-bromide & silver iodide suspended in gelatin. Gelatin- treated with mustardoil improves sensitivity of emulsion keeps silver halides uniformly dispersed readily penetrated by processing chemicals and water
  • 7. Types of films 1. Duplitized emulsion films a) Direct exposure (non-screen films) . Intra-oral dental films . Kidney surgery films . Radiation monitoring films b) Screen type films (for use with intensifying screens)
  • 9. 2. Single emulsion film a) Screen type films (for use with single intensifying screens)- Mammography. b) Photoflurographic films- cine films- miniature radiograph. c) Cathode-ray-tube (CRT) photography- USG, CT, MRI. d) Subtraction films. e) Laser imaging film