Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen through chemical bonding with iron. It allows for oxygen transport throughout the body, which is important for endurance activities like climbing Mount Everest. Blood doping artificially boosts red blood cell counts through blood transfusions or EPO use to increase oxygen delivery to muscles and gain a competitive advantage, though it has health risks and is banned in most sports.

1. Chemical Bonding and Oxygen Consumption in Sports By: Amy McBride

4. Hemoglobin has four major parts to it and each has an iron atom bound

5. Each iron atom can be oxidized when bound with a molecule of oxygen www.buzzle.com/articles/low-hemoglobin-levels.html http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/mole00/mole00765.htm

9. Low pH makes the attraction between hemoglobin and oxygen decrease which makes hemoglobin release more oxygenhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/sports-physiology10.htm www.stepfast.org/tencommandments.html

12. Homologous transfusion is when the blood comes from another person

13. Autologous transfusion is when the persons own blood is taken, stored, and later rein fusedhttp://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=features/2004/blood_doping

15. It is used to help heal woundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoietin http://www.vet.uga.edu/VPP/CLERK/strait/fig01.jpg

16. What are the medical uses of blood doping? Artificial oxygen carriers are the only form of blood doping that has medical use Was developed for emergencies where there is no time to determine blood type, there is a risk of infection, or no other blood is available http://www.teachpe.com/drugs/doping.php

18. It is used because it increases the number of red blood cells in the body which gives more oxygen to muscles and gives the athlete an advantagehttp://www.kidzworld.com/article/1832-blood-doping-in-sports-athletes-cheating www.ehow.com/how_2300136_build-cycling-endurance.html

22. Blood clots

23. Enlarged spleen

24. Skin reddening

25. Stomach/peptic ulcers

26. Gout

27. Kidney stoneshttp://www.ehow.com/facts_5565127_blood-doping-side-effects.html repairstemcell.wordpress.com/tag/cell/