1. APA Style
O Style of communicating
O Acknowledging the work and ideas of others
O In-text citations
O Reference page
O Purdue Owl
O Style Wizard
2. Common Mistakes
O Use of APA is not important
O Use of correct citations
O Accuracy of in-text quotations
O Structure of the paper
O Content of the paper
O Use of facts that are not supported
O Grammar and punctuation errors
3. In-Text Citations
O Quotes—KEEP THESE TO A MINIMUM
O Author(s)
O Year of publication
O Page number (or paragraph number if there are no page
numbers listed).
O Examples:
O According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using
APA style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).
O A restrictive covenant clause can be defined as "a clause that
protects the interests of the employer by restricting the ability of
the employee to take a comparable position in another
organization" (Sharp, Moorman, & Clausen, 2010, p. 655).
O According to Smith (1997), “APA is exciting and fun” (para. 4).
4. In-Text Citations
O Paraphrasing—what is it?
O Paraphrase this:
O “Restrictive covenant clause is a clause
that protects the interests of the employer
by restricting the ability of the employee to
take a comparable position in another
organization" (Sharp, Moorman, &
Clausen, 2010, p. 655).
5. In-Text Citations
O A contract clause that benefits the
employer is a restrictive covenant clause.
Restrictive clauses prevents an employee
from taking a similar job at a different
company (Sharp, Moorman, & Clausen,
2010).
O According to Jones (1998), APA style is a
difficult citation format for first-time
learners.
O APA style is a difficult citation format for
first-time learners (Jones, 1998).
6. In-Text Citations
O One of the most popular forms of professional
sport in Australia today is rugby (Barkley &
Johnston, 2008).
O According to Sickman (2010), Buck O’Neil was the
first African-American to coach in the Major
Leagues.
O “As of today, no known instances of HIV
transmission have ever occurred in sport” (Davis,
2007, p. 35).
O The NCAA has revamped its drug policy (NCAA,
2009).
O Major League Baseball’s new drug policy will be
under intense scrutiny this spring (Becher, n.d.).
7. Reference Page
O Book
O Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of
work: Capital letter also for subtitle.
Location: Publisher.
O Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991).
APA guide to preparing manuscripts
for journal publication. Washington,
DC: American Psychological
Association.
O Lets demonstrate with our text book.
8. Reference Page
O Book
O Masteralexis, L.P., Barr, C.A., & Hums,
M.A. (2012). Principles and practice
of sport management (4th ed.).
Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett
Publishing.
9. Reference Page
O Newspaper
O Author, A. (Year, Month Date). Title of
article. The Name of the Newspaper, pp.
A1, A4.
O If an article appears on discontinuous pages,
give all page numbers, and separate the
numbers with a comma (ex: pp. B1, B3, B5-
B7)
O Online article, put Retrieved from and URL
link instead of pp.
10. Reference Page
O Newspaper
O Gelles, K. (2006, November 17). Coaching
agreement creates a jet-set career. USA
Today, pp. C16.
O Tucker, K. (2012, November 4). After
historic home, Kentucky fires Joker
Phillips. USA Today. Retrieved from
http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nc
aaf/2012/11/04/kentucky-fires-joker-
phillips/1680849/
11. Reference Page
O Internet Source
O Author, A.A., & Author, B.B. (Year of
publication). Title of article. Retrieved
from URL Link.
O Skolnick, E. J. (2011). Athletes on Twitter:
Dangers lurk at every turn. Retrieved
from
http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/4506076
4/ns/sports-other_sports//
12. Reference Page
O Internet source
O Practice example
O Goodman, J. (2013). NCAA denies Ahmad
Starks’ waiver. Retrieved from
http://espn.go.com/mens-college-
basketball/story/_/id/9756678/ncaa-
denies-ahmad-starks-waiver-play-illinios-
2013-14
13. Reference Page
O Magazine
O Author, A. (Year, Month). Title of article. Title
of Magazine, Volume(Issue), page numbers.
O This format is for a monthly magazine
O Author, A. (Year, Month Date). Title of article.
Title of Magazine, Volume(Issue), page
numbers.
O This format is for a weekly magazine
O If it is electronic, use Retrieved from and URL
link.
14. Reference Page
O Magazine
O Fisher, E. (2011, August 1). 20 Greatest uses of
social media in sports. Sports Business
Journal, 14(15), 14. Retrieved from
http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/
Journal/Issues/2011/08/01/In-Depth/Social-
media.aspx
O Chamberlin, J., Packard, E., & Price, M. (2008,
May). Enhancing worker well-being:
Occupational health psychologists convene
to share their research on work, stress,
and health. Monitor on Psychology, 39(5),
26-29.
15. Reference Page
O Journal Article
O Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C.
(Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
volume number(issue number), pages.
doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx
O If accessed online and the doi is not available
then put home page URL of the journal or actual
link to article.
O Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume
number(issue number), pages. Retrieved
from URL Link.
16. Reference Page
O Journal Article
O Lay-Hwa Bowden, J., & D'Alessandro, S. (2011). Co-
creating value in higher education: The role of
interactive classroom response technologies. Asian
Social Science, 7(11), 35-49. doi:10.5539/ass.v7n11p35
O Hambrick, M. E., Simmons, J. M., Greenhalgh, G. P., &
Greenwell, T. C. (2010). Understanding professional
athletes' use of Twitter: A content analysis of athlete
tweets. International Journal of Sport
Communication, 3(4), 454-471. Retrieved from
http://journals. humankinetics.com/ijsc-back-issues/ijsc-
volume-3- issue-4-december-/understanding
professional- athletes-use-of-twitter-a-content-analysis-
of-athlete- tweets
O Hums, M.A., & Sutton, W.A. (2009). Women working in the
management of professional baseball: Getting to first
base? Journal of Career Development, 26, 147-158.
17. Reference Page
O Article without an author
O Nike’s power fading. (2008, February 2). Newsweek, p. 14-15.
O Articles from the same author in the same year
O Michaelis, V. (2006a, November 4). Disabled athlete sues USOC.
Denver Post, p. D-04.
O Michaelis, V. (2006b, July 7). NGB chief: Integrating disabled a
wrong move. Denver Post, p. D-02.
O Chapter in an edited book.
O Hums, M.A. (2009). Legal issues pertaining to HIV and sport. In G.
Sankaran, K. Volkwein, & D. Bonsall (Eds.). HIV/AIDS in sports:
Impact, issues and challenges (pp. 95-110). Champaign, IL:
Human Kinetics.
O Article with no date
O Becher, S. (n.d.). New drug policy questioned. Retrieved from
www.minorleaues.com.
