For Ms. Fuentes' AP Art History Class at Doral Academy HIgh. Images reproduced with permission for educational purposes ONLY.

1. Art of India & Southeast Asia Interconnected architecture, painting, sculpture, culture, and philosophies of Hinduism and Buddhism

5. MAURYA PERIOD Ashokan Pillar (note capital) 265 BCE Ashokan legend: Expanding dynasty, WAR conquered much of India. Looked at battlefield horror; 1000s of dead and dying, … saw Buddhist monk slowly walking through praying & comforting dying. Vowed to spread the teachings of Buddhism.. Built many shrines, sculptures, etc as major patron of the arts.

7. Lion Capital, from Sarmath C 250 BCE, sandstone See Lion Capital from Persepolis below…. This was on top of a column like the one below from Ashoka.

9. Stupas were built with a dome or shikhara/vimana tower with a central axis, axis mundi Mound shaped shrine, often no interior; holds a relic… idea is worshippers get close to what’s inside. Original stupas (8 by Emperor Ashoka) held Buddha’s remains Umbrellas represent the 3 jewels of Buddhism - Buddha, Law, Community of Monks Four toranas at compass pts. Gateway to structure--walk around in a circle

10. Close up of a torana at Sanchi Richly carved scenes High relief sculptures known as horror vacui Originally painted white. Buddha not shown in this early temple, empty chair/throne. Yakshi personified water…

11. Student presentation on life of Buddha Class takes notes

15. Mudras = hand gestures (student presentation here) Have a meaning in religious practices, prayers, etc. as well as seen in Buddhist artwork Used in yoga poses outside Buddhism as well Dhyana mudra = meditation and balance

16. Bodhisattva from Ajanta Caves 475 CE Gupta period. Bodhisattvas are spiritual beings who help others reach nirvana. Princely garments, not monk’s robes like Buddha Outline drawing, softly graded tones in painting give some 3-dimensionality Synthesis of divine and human.

17. Standing Buddha from Gupta period 474 CE Gupta period - flourishing arts & literature Buddhism at peak in India (later surpassed by Hinduism) Halo/nimbus (broken) shows spirtual purity fused with simplified physical purity Introspective face

18. Student presentation on Hinduism and Hindu Art Class takes notes

21. Eternal Shiva from Cave Temple of Shiva at Elephanta 3 faces show 3 different sides Feminine protector Spiritual, strong leader Fierce fighter with snakes around neck 11 feet high, set in recessed niche Shiva often shown with multiple heads, arms, etc to show multiple sides of a deity

22. Example of Hindu temple in south India, Chola dynasty, 1000 CE Rajarajeshvara Temple to Shiva Each niche holds a statue of Shiva Vimana is 4 sided hollow pyramid rising 13 stories

23. Angkor Wat, Cambodia, 12th century CE flashcard Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu; Sculptural reliefs, sculpture in rhythmic dance poses Built by Suryavaran II, capital of medieval Cambodia, Corbelled gallery roofs; beehive

24. Battle Scene, relief sculpture From Angkor Vat temple 12th century Cambodia

26. Student presentations on Rangoli ‘folk” painting & Rajput school painting Class takes notes

27. Rangoli and Alapana Painting - traditions carried on by women Entire houses, doorways, or verandahs painted in geometric designs in paint, rice powder, or even flowers (mandalas)

29. Mughal school of minatures - developed during middle ages

30. Hamza’s Spies Scale the Fortress , Mughal Period (16th century) Gouache on cotton (opaque w.c.) 3- d setting, yet undercut by flat geometric patterns Robust naturalistic style (not so linear) Rocks, monkeys, birds, and more FLASHCARD Fusion of Indian and Persia styles Also painting on paper… burnished on stones to make it gleam, details added last with thick white paint

31. Krishna and the Gopis, from the Gita Govinda (epic poem about Krishna and Radha) Mughal Period, Rajput India. 16th century, gouche on paper (flashcard) Radha is jealous of Krishna and the Gopis (cowherds) .. Emotional tension.. Plump faces in profile with oversized frontal eyes…line & pattern in the dramatic scene.