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Why I don't use
Cycle Time in
Kanban
Andy Carmichael
@andycarmich
Some people* say Cycle Time (CT1)
is...
the time between delivery of items...

0.5 days in this case

* Ohno, Womack & Jones (1996),
Chew (2000), Liker (2004), Lean
Lexicon (2008) and others
Some people* say Cycle Time (CT2)
is...
the time an item stays in the
process...

* Hopp and Spearman (2000),
Reinertsen (2009) and others

5 days in this case
I call this Lead Time* (or TIP)

* George (2002), Anderson
(2010) and others

Others use: Time in process (TIP), Flow Time, Wait Time
I call this the reciprocal of
Delivery Rate* (or Throughput)

i.e. 2 items per day in this case
* George (2002), Anderson
(2010), Little (2011) and others

Others use: Throughput, Arrival Rate, Rate of Completion
Little's Law

Lead Time =

WIP
Delivery Rate
or

TIP =

WIP
Throughput
Note: The bar denotes "average"
A nasty special case: when WIP = 1
Little’s Law expressed using the 2 definitions of
Cycle Time is:
CT2 = WIP * CT1
So when WIP=1…
CT2 = CT1

!!!

This special case compounds the confusion
since so often the concepts are explained with
a simple example where WIP = 1
Stop starting...
Start finishing

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Why i don't use cycle time in Kanban

  • 1. Why I don't use Cycle Time in Kanban Andy Carmichael @andycarmich
  • 2. Some people* say Cycle Time (CT1) is... the time between delivery of items... 0.5 days in this case * Ohno, Womack & Jones (1996), Chew (2000), Liker (2004), Lean Lexicon (2008) and others
  • 3. Some people* say Cycle Time (CT2) is... the time an item stays in the process... * Hopp and Spearman (2000), Reinertsen (2009) and others 5 days in this case
  • 4. I call this Lead Time* (or TIP) * George (2002), Anderson (2010) and others Others use: Time in process (TIP), Flow Time, Wait Time
  • 5. I call this the reciprocal of Delivery Rate* (or Throughput) i.e. 2 items per day in this case * George (2002), Anderson (2010), Little (2011) and others Others use: Throughput, Arrival Rate, Rate of Completion
  • 6. Little's Law Lead Time = WIP Delivery Rate or TIP = WIP Throughput Note: The bar denotes "average"
  • 7. A nasty special case: when WIP = 1 Little’s Law expressed using the 2 definitions of Cycle Time is: CT2 = WIP * CT1 So when WIP=1… CT2 = CT1 !!! This special case compounds the confusion since so often the concepts are explained with a simple example where WIP = 1