Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that spread across Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It emphasized emotion, imagination, individualism, spontaneity, and a fascination with nature and the past. Romantic artists believed imagination was superior to reason and devoted themselves to depicting feelings and emotions in imaginative forms. Their works, like Caspar David Friedrich's "Wanderer above the Sea of Fog," often featured solitary figures in nightmarish or emotional landscapes. Romantic music also pushed boundaries by including complex melodies and climaxes meant to evoke intense feelings.

1. Romanticism
Anuja Auti
1410405

2. • Romanticism (also the Romantic era or the Romantic period)
was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that
Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas
peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.
Focus on “intellectual intuition”

3. • A movement in art and literature in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries in revolt against the Neoclassicism of the previous centuries
• The German poet Friedrich Schlegel, who is given credit for first using
the term romantic to describe literature, defined it as "literature
depicting emotional matter in an imaginative form.
• Imagination, emotion, and freedom are certainly the focal points of
romanticism.
Defining Romanticism

4. Basic characteristics
• The importance of the Romantics placed on emotion is summed up in
the remark of the German painter Caspar David Friedrich that "the
artist's feeling is his law“.
• Any list of particular characteristics of the literature of romanticism
includes subjectivity and an emphasis on individualism; spontaneity;
freedom from rules; solitary life rather than life in society; the beliefs
that imagination is superior to reason and devotion to beauty; love of
and worship of nature; and fascination with the past, especially the
myths and mysticism of the middle ages

5. Caspar David Friedrich Francisco Goya Théodore Géricault

6. Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (1818). 94.8 ×
74.8 cm, Kunsthalle Hamburg.
well-known and especially Romantic masterpiece
was described by the historian John Lewis Gaddis
as leaving a contradictory impression
"suggesting at once mastery over a landscape and
the insignificance of the individual within it”.

7. Francisco Goya, Third of May, 1808, oil on canvas.

8. Francisco Goya, Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters,
from Los Caprichos (The Caprices) Plate 43, 1798,
etching and aquatint.
He is asleep, slumped on a table while creatures
converge on him .
The creatures are Owls, then a symbol of folly and
bats a symbol of ignorance;
What is romantic about it? Monsters, creatures,
imaginative, emotional, nightmarish ,
fantasy not reason

9. Francisco Goya, Family of Charles IV, 1800,
9’2” X 11,’ Oil on canvas
Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring
One of His Children,
1819-1823, Detached Fresco
mounted on Canvas

10. Theodore Gericault, Insane Woman, 1822-1823, Oil on Canvas
What tells you she’s insane?
Redness of her eyes, mouth is tense,
lines in her face depict her suffering,
influence of the mental state on
human faces and believed that the
face accurately revealed the
character especially at the moment
of death

11. sculptures

12. Beethoven,Wagner, Brahms: works pushed the standards of
composition by including sorrowful moods, melodramatic
climaxes, and extreme crescendos
Beethoven’s “Eroica” (Italian for “heroic”) is an example of
Romantic composition
Romanticism in Music

13. Neoclassicism vs. Romanticism
• Reasons Feelings
• Calculation Intuition
• Objective Nature Subjective emotions
• Interest in Classical Interest in Medieval
• In order to express these feelings, it was considered that the content
of the art needed to come from the imagination of the artist, with as
little interference as possible from "artificial" rules dictating what a
work should consist of.

14. Thank You