SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  26
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
1st chap
3- 16 Pages
APPROACHES AND METHOD IN
LANGUAGE TEACHING
Submitted to Mam Sabahat
Submitted by Anum shahzadie
Arifa khan
A brief history of language
teaching
 This chapter in briefly reviewing the history of
language teaching method .From the historical
perspective we are also able to see that we are
prompted modern method innovation which were
similar to major concern of discussion in language
teaching “ how to teach foreign language”
 Change in language teaching method throughout
the history the change in the kind of proficiency
such as move towards the oral proficiency rather
than the reading comprehension the major goal of
language study.
Conti…
 It has been estimated60% people of the world are
“ multilingualism” .Bilingualism or multilingualism
are norms rather than exception. Today English
widely use in all over the world but 500 years ago
Latin was dominated language of education ,
commerce, religion and government in the
western world.
In 16th century
 English , French , Italian gained importance as a
result of political change in Europe and Latin
gradually became displaced as a language of
spoken and written communication.
In the 16th , 17th , 18th century
 In England were initially given a rigorous
introduction to Latin grammar which was taught
through rote learning of grammar rules, study of
declensions and conjugation, translation and
practice in writing sample sentences.
 But the way of teaching Latin it was deadly
experience for children.
• Roger Ascham
• Montaigne
In 16th
century
• Comenius
• John Locke
In 17th
century
Conti…
 They had specific proposal for curriculum change
and for changes in the way Latin was taught.
In 18th century
 As modern language began to enter curriculum of
European school in the 18th century and they
were with same procedure that used for teaching
Latin.
 Text book consisted of statements of abstract
grammar rules. List of vocabulary and sentences
for translate, speaking the foreign language was
not a goal. Oral proficiency was limited to student
reading aloud the sentences they had translated.
In 19th century
 In the mid of !9th century a typical textbook thus
consisted the chapter of lesson organized around
grammar point. Each grammar point was listed
rules on its use were explained and it was
illustrated by sample sentence.
 In 19th century textbooks complier were mainly
determined to codify the foreign language in to
frozen rules of morphology, syntax to be
explained and eventually memorized. Many
books during 19th century published those by
Seidenstucker and ploz.
Conti…
 He divide the text in to two parts carefully.
one
Giving the
rules and
necessary
paradigms.
second
Giving
French
sentence
translated
into German
and German
sentences
into French
The Grammar-Translation
method
 The Grammar-Translation method was first
known in the United State as the Prussian
method. An American classic teacher published in
1845 was title The Ciceronian or the Prussian
method of Teaching the Elements of Latin
Language.
Characteristics of it…
 The Grammar-Translation is a way of studying
language that approaches the language first
through detailed analysis of its grammar rules ,
followed by application of this knowledge to the
task of translating sentences and texts into and
out of the target language. The first language is
maintained as the reference system in the
acquisition of second language.
 More focus on reading writing.
 Vocabulary selection is based solely on the
reading text used and word are taught trough
bilingual word list, dictionary study and
memorization.
 The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and
language practice. Translate the sentence in to
targeted language.
 Accuracy is emphasized.
 The Grammar-Translation taught deductively.
 The student’s native language use for medium of
instruction.
 The Grammar-Translation dominated European
and foreign language teaching from the 1840s to
the 1940s. According to the Howartt (1984) it is
worst excess for those who introduced that study
of German of French no less rigorous as studied
the classical language. That's why German
translation courses remembered with distaste
thousand of school learner.
 In mid of 19th century opposition to The Grammar-
Translation method gradually developed in
several European countries. This reform
movement it was referred to the foundation for
the development of new way of teaching
language and raised controversies that have
continued to the present day.
Language teaching innovation in the
19th century
 The Frenchman C. Marcel referred to child
learning as a model of language teaching,
emphasized the importance of meaning in
learning , proposed that reading be taught before
other skills and try to locate language teaching
within a broader educational framework.
 The Englishman T . Prendergast was one of the
first to record the observation that children use
contextual and situational cues to interpret
utterances and that they use memorized phrases
and routines in speaking.
Conti…
 The Frenchman F. Gouin developed an approach
to teaching foreign language based on his
observation of children use of language to
accomplish events consisting of sequence related
action.
 Gouin’s emphasis on the need to present new
teaching item in a context that makes their
meaning clear and the use of gestures and action
to convey the meaning of utterances are
practices that later became part of such
approaches and method as situational language
teaching.
The reform Movement
 The International Phonetics Alphabet was
designed to enable the sound of any language to
be accurately transcribed. It found in 1886.It
advocated…
 The study of spoken language
 Phonetics training in order to establish good
pronunciation habit.
 The use of conversation text and dialogues.
 Inductive approach to the teaching of grammar.
 Teaching new meanings through establishing
association within target language.
Conti…
 Henry Sweet argued that sound methodological
principles should be based on a scientific analysis
of language and a study of psychology.
 Book “The practical study of languages” he set 4th
principles for the development of teaching
method.
Conti…
Careful selection
what is to be taught.
Imposing what is to
be taught.
Arranging what is to
be taught.
Grading material
from simple to
complex.
4 principles
Conti…
 Vietor, Sweet and other reformers in the late 19th
century shared many beliefs about principles…
 The spoken language is important
 The findings of phonetics should be applied to
teaching and to teacher training.
 Learner should hear the language first before
seeing it I written form
 Sentences should be practice in meaningful
context.
 Grammar should b taught inductively.
 Translation should b avoided although native
language could be used in order to explain new
words.
The Direct Method
 The Direct Method introduced it in France and Germany
and it became widely known in the united state through it
use by Sauveur and Maximilian Berlitz in successful
commercial language school. Following principles are,
 Classroom instruction was conducted exclusively in the
target language.
 Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were taught
 Oral communication skill were built up
 Grammar was taught inductively
 New teaching points were introduced orally.
 Concrete vocabulary was taught through demonstration,
objects and pictures and abstract vocabulary taught by
association of ideas
 Both speech and listening comprehension were taught.
 Correct pronunciation and grammar emphasized.
The method era
 An approach method refers to a theoretically
consistent set of teaching procedure and define
best practice in language teaching.
 Particular approaches and methods, it will lead to
more effective levels of language learning than
alternative ways of teaching.
 If teacher use best approach the quality of
language learning will approve.
Conti…
 The most active period in the history of
approaches and methods was from 1950s to the
1980s . The 1950s and 1960s the emergence of
Audiolingual method and situational method.
During the same period other two methods
included the Silent Way , the Natural Approach
and total physical Response.
 In the 1990s Content Based Instruction and Task
Based language Teaching emerged as a new
approach to language.
APPROACHES AND METHOD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING

Contenu connexe

Tendances

The oral approach and situational language teaching
The oral approach and situational language teachingThe oral approach and situational language teaching
The oral approach and situational language teachingVongmani Sitha
 
Communicative language teaching
Communicative language teachingCommunicative language teaching
Communicative language teachingElvis Plaza
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation methodReni Riyani
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation methodNuzhat Nasir
 
The Grammar Translation Method
The Grammar Translation Method The Grammar Translation Method
The Grammar Translation Method Lama Albabtain
 
Audio Lingual Method
Audio Lingual MethodAudio Lingual Method
Audio Lingual MethodParisa Mehran
 
English Language Teaching Methods
English Language Teaching MethodsEnglish Language Teaching Methods
English Language Teaching MethodsHala Nur
 
The silent way
The silent wayThe silent way
The silent wayTaghreeed
 
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
Task-Based  Language Teaching (TBLT)Task-Based  Language Teaching (TBLT)
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)King Saud University
 
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)MohammadFaisal157
 
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army Method
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army MethodThe Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army Method
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army MethodAslı Coşkun
 
Content based syllabus
Content based syllabusContent based syllabus
Content based syllabusSavera Hayyam
 

Tendances (20)

The oral approach and situational language teaching
The oral approach and situational language teachingThe oral approach and situational language teaching
The oral approach and situational language teaching
 
Direct method
Direct methodDirect method
Direct method
 
Communicative language teaching
Communicative language teachingCommunicative language teaching
Communicative language teaching
 
Natural approach.pptx
Natural approach.pptxNatural approach.pptx
Natural approach.pptx
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
The Grammar Translation Method
The Grammar Translation Method The Grammar Translation Method
The Grammar Translation Method
 
Task based language teaching
Task based language teachingTask based language teaching
Task based language teaching
 
Audio Lingual Method
Audio Lingual MethodAudio Lingual Method
Audio Lingual Method
 
The Post-Method era
The Post-Method eraThe Post-Method era
The Post-Method era
 
English Language Teaching Methods
English Language Teaching MethodsEnglish Language Teaching Methods
English Language Teaching Methods
 
Audiolingual method
Audiolingual methodAudiolingual method
Audiolingual method
 
The silent way
The silent wayThe silent way
The silent way
 
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
Task-Based  Language Teaching (TBLT)Task-Based  Language Teaching (TBLT)
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
 
Total Physical Response (TPR)
Total Physical Response (TPR)Total Physical Response (TPR)
Total Physical Response (TPR)
 
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
 
Task based syllabus
Task based syllabusTask based syllabus
Task based syllabus
 
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army Method
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army MethodThe Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army Method
The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) = Army Method
 
Audio lingual method
Audio lingual methodAudio lingual method
Audio lingual method
 
Content based syllabus
Content based syllabusContent based syllabus
Content based syllabus
 

En vedette

Language Teaching Approaches
Language Teaching ApproachesLanguage Teaching Approaches
Language Teaching ApproachesRafael Cardenas
 
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism Theory of Language Learning - Humanism
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism Maizatul Malik
 
Theories of Language Learning
Theories of Language LearningTheories of Language Learning
Theories of Language LearningGaby LLaneza
 
The Systems Perspective
The Systems PerspectiveThe Systems Perspective
The Systems Perspectiveguestfa65ed
 
Language Learning Theory
Language Learning TheoryLanguage Learning Theory
Language Learning TheoryAnne Cunningham
 
Traditional Teaching Method vs Now
Traditional Teaching Method vs NowTraditional Teaching Method vs Now
Traditional Teaching Method vs NowHeri Winarko
 
Language Teaching Approaches and Methods
Language Teaching Approaches and MethodsLanguage Teaching Approaches and Methods
Language Teaching Approaches and Methodsemma.a
 

En vedette (10)

Language Teaching Approaches
Language Teaching ApproachesLanguage Teaching Approaches
Language Teaching Approaches
 
teaching methods
teaching methodsteaching methods
teaching methods
 
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism Theory of Language Learning - Humanism
Theory of Language Learning - Humanism
 
Theories of Language Learning
Theories of Language LearningTheories of Language Learning
Theories of Language Learning
 
The Systems Perspective
The Systems PerspectiveThe Systems Perspective
The Systems Perspective
 
Teaching methodology
Teaching methodologyTeaching methodology
Teaching methodology
 
Language Learning Theory
Language Learning TheoryLanguage Learning Theory
Language Learning Theory
 
Traditional Teaching Method vs Now
Traditional Teaching Method vs NowTraditional Teaching Method vs Now
Traditional Teaching Method vs Now
 
Teaching approaches
Teaching approachesTeaching approaches
Teaching approaches
 
Language Teaching Approaches and Methods
Language Teaching Approaches and MethodsLanguage Teaching Approaches and Methods
Language Teaching Approaches and Methods
 

Similaire à APPROACHES AND METHOD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING

History Of Language Teaching
History Of Language TeachingHistory Of Language Teaching
History Of Language TeachingIsabel
 
The History of Language Teaching Methodology
The History of Language Teaching MethodologyThe History of Language Teaching Methodology
The History of Language Teaching MethodologyGeovanny Peña
 
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation method
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation methodA brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation method
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation methodDerya Baysal
 
Paper assignment approaches
Paper assignment approachesPaper assignment approaches
Paper assignment approachesulfatun sariroh
 
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptx
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptxLecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptx
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptxArielVillar2
 
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_design
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_designPe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_design
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_designhridoy007
 
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHINGA VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHINGLibardo Ospino
 
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subject
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History SubjectA Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subject
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subjectinventionjournals
 
Method or approach chart dmavd
Method or approach  chart   dmavdMethod or approach  chart   dmavd
Method or approach chart dmavdcandyvdv
 
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)Seray Tanyer
 
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ ApproachesMiyu Hoshizora
 
1 brief history of language teaching
1 brief history of language teaching1 brief history of language teaching
1 brief history of language teachingElif Güllübudak
 
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxoverview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxAttallah Alanazi
 
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxoverview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxAttallah Alanazi
 
History of language_teaching
History of language_teachingHistory of language_teaching
History of language_teachingGladys Rivera
 
Strategies to teach english
Strategies to teach englishStrategies to teach english
Strategies to teach englishCarol1430
 

Similaire à APPROACHES AND METHOD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING (20)

History Of Language Teaching
History Of Language TeachingHistory Of Language Teaching
History Of Language Teaching
 
The History of Language Teaching Methodology
The History of Language Teaching MethodologyThe History of Language Teaching Methodology
The History of Language Teaching Methodology
 
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation method
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation methodA brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation method
A brief history of language teaching, the grammar translation method
 
Paper assignment approaches
Paper assignment approachesPaper assignment approaches
Paper assignment approaches
 
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptx
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptxLecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptx
Lecture 1 - TESL - A Brief History of Language Teaching.pptx
 
1 history-l-t-+gtm+dm
1 history-l-t-+gtm+dm1 history-l-t-+gtm+dm
1 history-l-t-+gtm+dm
 
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_design
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_designPe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_design
Pe essay the_teaching_of_language_lesson_planning_and_syllabus_design
 
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHINGA VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING
A VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING
 
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subject
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History SubjectA Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subject
A Pilot Didactic Unit as a Support to the History Subject
 
Method or approach chart dmavd
Method or approach  chart   dmavdMethod or approach  chart   dmavd
Method or approach chart dmavd
 
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)
A history of english language teaching - Section 1 (3,4,5)
 
Direct and gram
Direct and gramDirect and gram
Direct and gram
 
Methodology fair
Methodology fairMethodology fair
Methodology fair
 
Grammar translation
Grammar translationGrammar translation
Grammar translation
 
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches
[TEFL] Language Teaching Methods/ Approaches
 
1 brief history of language teaching
1 brief history of language teaching1 brief history of language teaching
1 brief history of language teaching
 
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxoverview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
 
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptxoverview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
overview of Language Teaching Methods-1.pptx
 
History of language_teaching
History of language_teachingHistory of language_teaching
History of language_teaching
 
Strategies to teach english
Strategies to teach englishStrategies to teach english
Strategies to teach english
 

Plus de Rajputt Ainee

Conlusion of genre and action
Conlusion of genre and actionConlusion of genre and action
Conlusion of genre and actionRajputt Ainee
 
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEIS
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEISSAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEIS
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEISRajputt Ainee
 
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...Rajputt Ainee
 
Testing for Language Teachers Arthur Hughes
Testing for Language TeachersArthur HughesTesting for Language TeachersArthur Hughes
Testing for Language Teachers Arthur HughesRajputt Ainee
 
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily Dickinson
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily DickinsonSTYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily Dickinson
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily DickinsonRajputt Ainee
 

Plus de Rajputt Ainee (8)

Conlusion of genre and action
Conlusion of genre and actionConlusion of genre and action
Conlusion of genre and action
 
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEIS
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEISSAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEIS
SAPIRWHORF HYPOTHEIS
 
MOTIVATION
MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION
MOTIVATION
 
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...
Possibility of existence and identification of diphthongs and Triphthongs IN ...
 
Testing for Language Teachers Arthur Hughes
Testing for Language TeachersArthur HughesTesting for Language TeachersArthur Hughes
Testing for Language Teachers Arthur Hughes
 
The ruined maid
The ruined maidThe ruined maid
The ruined maid
 
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily Dickinson
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily DickinsonSTYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily Dickinson
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF Emily Dickinson
 
Globlization
GloblizationGloblization
Globlization
 

Dernier

CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxiammrhaywood
 
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...M56BOOKSTORE PRODUCT/SERVICE
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptx
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptxOver the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptx
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptxraviapr7
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashasashalaycock03
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSyedNadeemGillANi
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.raviapr7
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceA gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceApostolos Syropoulos
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsEugene Lysak
 
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 

Dernier (20)

CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
 
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptx
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptxOver the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptx
Over the counter (OTC)- Sale, rational use.pptx
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
 
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceA gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
 
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17
How to Create a Toggle Button in Odoo 17
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 

APPROACHES AND METHOD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING

  • 1. 1st chap 3- 16 Pages APPROACHES AND METHOD IN LANGUAGE TEACHING
  • 2. Submitted to Mam Sabahat Submitted by Anum shahzadie Arifa khan
  • 3. A brief history of language teaching  This chapter in briefly reviewing the history of language teaching method .From the historical perspective we are also able to see that we are prompted modern method innovation which were similar to major concern of discussion in language teaching “ how to teach foreign language”  Change in language teaching method throughout the history the change in the kind of proficiency such as move towards the oral proficiency rather than the reading comprehension the major goal of language study.
  • 4. Conti…  It has been estimated60% people of the world are “ multilingualism” .Bilingualism or multilingualism are norms rather than exception. Today English widely use in all over the world but 500 years ago Latin was dominated language of education , commerce, religion and government in the western world.
  • 5. In 16th century  English , French , Italian gained importance as a result of political change in Europe and Latin gradually became displaced as a language of spoken and written communication.
  • 6. In the 16th , 17th , 18th century  In England were initially given a rigorous introduction to Latin grammar which was taught through rote learning of grammar rules, study of declensions and conjugation, translation and practice in writing sample sentences.  But the way of teaching Latin it was deadly experience for children.
  • 7. • Roger Ascham • Montaigne In 16th century • Comenius • John Locke In 17th century
  • 8. Conti…  They had specific proposal for curriculum change and for changes in the way Latin was taught.
  • 9. In 18th century  As modern language began to enter curriculum of European school in the 18th century and they were with same procedure that used for teaching Latin.  Text book consisted of statements of abstract grammar rules. List of vocabulary and sentences for translate, speaking the foreign language was not a goal. Oral proficiency was limited to student reading aloud the sentences they had translated.
  • 10. In 19th century  In the mid of !9th century a typical textbook thus consisted the chapter of lesson organized around grammar point. Each grammar point was listed rules on its use were explained and it was illustrated by sample sentence.  In 19th century textbooks complier were mainly determined to codify the foreign language in to frozen rules of morphology, syntax to be explained and eventually memorized. Many books during 19th century published those by Seidenstucker and ploz.
  • 11. Conti…  He divide the text in to two parts carefully. one Giving the rules and necessary paradigms. second Giving French sentence translated into German and German sentences into French
  • 12. The Grammar-Translation method  The Grammar-Translation method was first known in the United State as the Prussian method. An American classic teacher published in 1845 was title The Ciceronian or the Prussian method of Teaching the Elements of Latin Language.
  • 13. Characteristics of it…  The Grammar-Translation is a way of studying language that approaches the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules , followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language. The first language is maintained as the reference system in the acquisition of second language.
  • 14.  More focus on reading writing.  Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading text used and word are taught trough bilingual word list, dictionary study and memorization.  The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and language practice. Translate the sentence in to targeted language.
  • 15.  Accuracy is emphasized.  The Grammar-Translation taught deductively.  The student’s native language use for medium of instruction.  The Grammar-Translation dominated European and foreign language teaching from the 1840s to the 1940s. According to the Howartt (1984) it is worst excess for those who introduced that study of German of French no less rigorous as studied the classical language. That's why German translation courses remembered with distaste thousand of school learner.
  • 16.  In mid of 19th century opposition to The Grammar- Translation method gradually developed in several European countries. This reform movement it was referred to the foundation for the development of new way of teaching language and raised controversies that have continued to the present day.
  • 17. Language teaching innovation in the 19th century  The Frenchman C. Marcel referred to child learning as a model of language teaching, emphasized the importance of meaning in learning , proposed that reading be taught before other skills and try to locate language teaching within a broader educational framework.  The Englishman T . Prendergast was one of the first to record the observation that children use contextual and situational cues to interpret utterances and that they use memorized phrases and routines in speaking.
  • 18. Conti…  The Frenchman F. Gouin developed an approach to teaching foreign language based on his observation of children use of language to accomplish events consisting of sequence related action.  Gouin’s emphasis on the need to present new teaching item in a context that makes their meaning clear and the use of gestures and action to convey the meaning of utterances are practices that later became part of such approaches and method as situational language teaching.
  • 19. The reform Movement  The International Phonetics Alphabet was designed to enable the sound of any language to be accurately transcribed. It found in 1886.It advocated…  The study of spoken language  Phonetics training in order to establish good pronunciation habit.  The use of conversation text and dialogues.  Inductive approach to the teaching of grammar.  Teaching new meanings through establishing association within target language.
  • 20. Conti…  Henry Sweet argued that sound methodological principles should be based on a scientific analysis of language and a study of psychology.  Book “The practical study of languages” he set 4th principles for the development of teaching method.
  • 21. Conti… Careful selection what is to be taught. Imposing what is to be taught. Arranging what is to be taught. Grading material from simple to complex. 4 principles
  • 22. Conti…  Vietor, Sweet and other reformers in the late 19th century shared many beliefs about principles…  The spoken language is important  The findings of phonetics should be applied to teaching and to teacher training.  Learner should hear the language first before seeing it I written form  Sentences should be practice in meaningful context.  Grammar should b taught inductively.  Translation should b avoided although native language could be used in order to explain new words.
  • 23. The Direct Method  The Direct Method introduced it in France and Germany and it became widely known in the united state through it use by Sauveur and Maximilian Berlitz in successful commercial language school. Following principles are,  Classroom instruction was conducted exclusively in the target language.  Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were taught  Oral communication skill were built up  Grammar was taught inductively  New teaching points were introduced orally.  Concrete vocabulary was taught through demonstration, objects and pictures and abstract vocabulary taught by association of ideas  Both speech and listening comprehension were taught.  Correct pronunciation and grammar emphasized.
  • 24. The method era  An approach method refers to a theoretically consistent set of teaching procedure and define best practice in language teaching.  Particular approaches and methods, it will lead to more effective levels of language learning than alternative ways of teaching.  If teacher use best approach the quality of language learning will approve.
  • 25. Conti…  The most active period in the history of approaches and methods was from 1950s to the 1980s . The 1950s and 1960s the emergence of Audiolingual method and situational method. During the same period other two methods included the Silent Way , the Natural Approach and total physical Response.  In the 1990s Content Based Instruction and Task Based language Teaching emerged as a new approach to language.