1. By Anthony Williams

2. Music Video
 Music videos are short films or recordings of
music from a artist or company‟s
establishment.
 Present videos are now made and published
to generate sales as a this is a current
successful market device.
 Music videos date back to the earliest days of
sound film. Most music videos are branded as
short form music videos to separate them from
full length movies relating to music.
 Many early Disney Films were based around
songs from imminent films, these were early
promotional shorts.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XChxLG
nIwCU&feature=player_embedded

3. Soundies
 Short films with the specific objective of marketing the artist
arose in the early days of sound film-making. Short films of no
matter which film were up to eight minutes in length which was
used to show the talents of singers such as Billie Holiday and
Bing Crosby which was normally shown in cinema screenings
as a small part of a full programme of newsreel also cartoons
and main features but mainly as reels on the forerunner of the
video jukebox, the Panarom.
 The Panarom was a visual jukebox was used for early music
videos called soundies which were one-song films. Many
soundies were created mainly being classical and jazz genre of
that times period of the 1940s.
 Soundies were a group of performers singing in live
performances in short film musicals. The jukeboxes were
normally found in restaurants and bars so that people could
play and watch the clip while the music played freely.

4. Rise of Television
 The first short musical film in the USA
which was made precisely for television
was the Snader Telescriptions, over 1000
musical films were produced and filmed for
television filler between 1950 – 54.
 In 1956 Tony Bennett was filmed walking
along The Serpentine in Hyde Park,
London, England in his recording of
“Stranger in Paradise”. This film was
distributed and played in the USA and UK
television stations, thus Bennett claiming
he made the first ever music video.

5. The Beatles
 Music videos began to gain attention to a wider audience
which then lead videos to be made for specific
programmes such as Top of the Pops in UK and
Hullubaloo in USA.
 Promotional clips for groups started to be produced a
prime example being The Beatles as their music video "A
Hard Days Night” was the first major motion picture which
was released in 1964. the musical fragments have helped
divine music videos today by its use of visual vocabulary
which has influenced many artists and many pop and rock
groups in todays society.
 The Beatles further work such as “Strawberry Fields
Forever” and “Penny Lane” were made in 1967 and were
successful films which enhanced the music videos scene
as they used film techniques, effects, lighting and unusual
camera angles.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cD4TAg
dS_Xw&feature=player_embedded

6. Modern Era
 The modern era of music videos is in all the rebirth of
music and videos as the audience have been
introduced to colour screening and many more
effects. The equipment became more precise and
easier to use such as hand-held cameras this made
it easier for artists to produce, release and market
their videos more quickly and swiftly. It became more
noticeable that the more money a artist had the
better the music videos would be and stand out
towards the audience.
 In the 1980s releasing a standard music video had
become dull, and this had become noticeable when
The Jackson Five made their video “Can You Feel it”
which had million of dollars behind it, which gained
them a commercial edge towards viewers.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_30vrk
g8Xo&feature=player_embedded

7. MTV
 In 1981, America launched a music channel called MTV which
was a 24 hour a day music station for all to view. This allowed
anyone to see and watch a music video any time of the day.
 The first music video on the channel was Buggles, “Video killed
the Radio Star”.
 In the 1980s artists started to use more storylines and plots to
their music videos an example being Michael Jackson as he
was the first artist to create a concept of a short film. He used a
beginning, middle and end, he used these plots in his music
videos Billie Jean, West Side Story, Beat It, and Thriller. Thriller
which was released in 1984 took music videos by storm as it
settings and format were on higher heights than any other video
before and in that time period.
 Many of MTVs videos came from the UK for example Duran
Duran was a common act. They had great visual appeal
towards views although was not getting any radio air time in the
UK thus leading MTV to showcase them in America gaining
them popularity.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOnqjkJ
TMaA&feature=player_embedded

8. MTV Part 2
 MTV influenced many stations and labels about
marketing artists as they had a great part of
marketing such artist as Michael Jackson, Madonna
and Duran Duran.
 Madonna used a lot of seductive skills and sex
appeal in her videos in the 1980s to present on MTV
to gain wider audiences. Madonna has constructed
her image as a great star being similar to the silent
era of stars such as Greta Garbo. Some see MTV as
the start of the Golden era of music videos and the
supreme success of a art form in popular culture
while others see it as the death of true musical
content as physically stature and appearance are
now critically in popular culture.

9. Music Videos Today
 Music videos are now central to marketing a artist. MTV
continues to be a force on the television as more than 320
million TV sets in 90 countries over 5 continents tune in to
watch music.
 Music video can also be watched on elsewhere such as
the internet such sources like YouTube, Mobiles, Game
Consoles ect.
 YouTube is seen as the most modern music video
marketing system today as anyone can make their own
music video and post it on YouTube gaining views and
record label contracts although it some videos are seen
as inappropriate some influencing violence.
 Downloading off the internet is become more often and is
seen as a threat to MTV as not many audience may tune
in to watch a video were they can just browse now.

10. http://timerime.com/en/timeline/596148/A+His
Time Line tory+of+the+Music+Video/
1926 • Arrival of 'Talkies„- Many musical short films produced featuring many bands, vocalists and dancers.
1930
- • Musical Films- The musical film was a film genre in which several songs were interwoven into the film.
1959
1930
- • Ancestor of the Music Video- Many artists featured in dramatized performances of hit songs.
1940
1930 • "Screen Songs" Introduced- Series of cartoon films which encouraged audiences to sing along by "following the bouncing ball."
1940
- • Arrival of Promotional Clips- These were short films of many famous jazz artists and their bands on a movie-set bandstand.
1949
1956
- • Rise of Television- The rise of popular music was tied with the rise of television as the format exposed new stars.
1960
1964 • The Beatles- The Beatles set the stage for the modern music video with the motion picture "A Hard Days Night."
1965 • The Beatles use Promotional Films- Beatles film 10 films which are used to promote album releases. Kicks off video promotion.
1981 • MTV Launched- 24hr broadcast means music videos begin to play a central role in music marketing by the mid 1980s.
1983 • Thriller - Michael Jackson's most successful and influential video of all time released.
1985 • VH1 Launched- This featured softer music and catered to an older demographic, widening the audience of videos.
1988 • Hip Hop Growth- Hip Hop sees significant growth and popularity as MTV launchs Yo! MTV Raps.
1992 • Rise of the Directors- Listed in the credits for the first time, directors such as Gondry and Romanek launch careers.
1995 • Scream- The Jackson's "Scream", costing seven million to produce, is the most expensive music video ever.
2005 • YouTube- Allows people to watch videos online. New artists see popularity rise through internet.
2005 • iTunes Opens- Allows music videos to be downloaded from internet. One million d/ls after twenty days.
2010 • New Heights- Number of music videos viewed online reaches 34 billion with 183 million viewers.
2010 • One Billion- Lady Gaga's music video views reach one billion views. Her song "Poker Face" sees 375mil alone.

11.  Lady Gaga video -
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bESG
LojNYSo&feature=player_embedded