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THE ROLE OF
ICT & GEOINFORMATICS
IN VECTOR SURVEILLANCE
AND CONTROL IN NIGERIA.
Presented by

ANUMBA JOSEPH UCHE

Scientific Officer (Entomology)
Federal Ministry of Health,
National Arbovirus and Vectors Research CentreEnugu, Nigeria.
• To understand the concept of Integrated Vector
Management in terms of Surveillance and Control.

• To understand the components of Information
communication technologies (ICT) and
Geoinformatics.

• Garner knowledge on how to apply/integrate ICT and
Geoinformatics in Vector Management.
Ask
Your
Self…

What is Integrated Vector Management
(IVM)?
What does IVM entail?

As an IVM officer, what are the required
tools and skills?
Why do we need these skills?






IVM is a rational decision-making process for the
optimal use of resources for vector control.
The approach seeks to improve the efficacy, costeffectiveness, ecological soundness and
sustainability of disease-vector control.

The ultimate goal is to prevent the transmission of
vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue,
Japanese encephalitis, leishmaniasis,
schistosomiasis and Chagas disease.
Driving forces behind a growing interest in
IVM include the need to overcome
challenges experienced with conventional
single-intervention approaches to vector
control as well as recent opportunities for
promoting multi-sectoral approaches to
human health.
 Advocacy, social mobilization, regulatory control for

public health and empowerment of communities.
 Collaboration within the health sector and with other

sectors through the optimal use of resources,
planning, monitoring and decision-making.
 Integration of non-chemical and chemical vector

control methods, and integration with other disease
control measures.


Evidence-based decision making guided by
operational research and entomological and
epidemiological surveillance and evaluation.



Development of adequate human resources, training
and career structures at national and local level to
promote capacity building and manage IVM
programmes;
SURVEILLANCE

In any vector based disease, the
most important process in
controlling it is monitoring the
vector population (Surveillance).

VECTORS

CONTROL

This surveillance is important to
prioritize the area for treatment
and vector control measures.
• Detect Outbreak
to initiate timely
& effective
control

Disease
Transmission
Status

Prioritization
• Prioritize the area
(Temporal &
Geographic
distribution) for
treatment and
vector/disease
control measures.

• Monitor the
impact of
control
interventions

Disease
Control
Sustainability
HBC-Human Bait Collection
Mosquitoes

PKC- Pyrethriod
Knockdown Collection

Ovitrap
Mosquito surveillance is
trapping mosquitoes in a way
that they can be
systematically evaluated
and/or tested for disease.

Larval Sampling Dipping
• Contemporary Vector
Vector
Surveillance Surveillance tools & Control
Activities
&
Laboratory • Basic Entomological Techniques
Analysis • Specimen diagnosis & Analysis

Information
Communicati
on
Technology
(ICT)

• Data Generation of Vector
Surveillance activities
• Data Storage & Analysis
• Information communication /
transmission

• Entomological &
Epidemiological Monitoring
(spatial & geographical
Geo
distribution)
informatics • Simulation of Vector control
[Decision
activities
Support System]
• Develop Vector Management
Strategies & Decision support
Individuals,
organizations,
Institutions.

PCs, input & output
devices, smart
phones, tabs.

Internet, Cloud
computing,
Webinar,
Geoinfo.

People

Data

Hardware

Information

Activities,
projects,
research.

Software

Procedures

Mobile Apps,
statistical
analysis,
database .

Feedback,
reporting,
implementation,
maintenance.
Data
People

• raw facts and figures
• data is entered by humans (people, organization,
institutions etc).

Hardware:

• physical components & devices used to
aquire, process, store.

Software

• the name given to computer programs
usually installed I most hardware.

Information:

Procedures:

• data that is converted to give it a meaning.

• a series of actions conducted in a certain
order to make sure the system runs smoothly.


Cloud computing, or something within the cloud, is an
expression used to describe a variety of computing
concepts that involve a large number of computers
connected through a real-time communication
networks.



In IVM, Cloud computing is used as an innovative
concept to mitigate the problem of communication lag
in Vector surveillance, monitoring, control, research
activities, documentation and data transfer among
professionals in across the world.
Security
Webinar

Professional

Accessible

CLOUD
Computing
+
IVM
Activities

Affordable

Partnership
Reliable

Information
Syncing
The Role of Information Communication Technology & Geoinformatics in Vector Control in Nigeria.
GPS
Global Positioning
systems

REMOTE
SENSING

DATABASE

GIS
Geographic
Information
System

• GPS technology allows users to determine exactly where
they are on the surface of the earth by triangulating data
from a series of satellite that orbit the earth. [using a GPS
receiver]
• …the science and art of obtaining information about an
object, area, or phenomenon through the analysis of data
acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object,
area, or phenomenon under investigation.
• A database is an organized collection of data. The data
are typically organized to model relevant aspects of
reality in a way that supports processes requiring this
information.

• integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing,
managing, analysing, and displaying all forms of
geographically referenced information.


A Geographic Information System (GIS) allows us to view,
understand, question, interpret, and visualize data in
many ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends
in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts.



A GIS is an information system designed to work with
data referenced by spatial / geographical coordinates.



In other words, GIS is both a database system with
specific capabilities for spatially referenced data as well as
a set of operations for working with the data. It may also
be considered as a higher order map.


GIS technology integrates common database
operations such as query and statistical analysis
with the unique visualization and geographic
analysis benefits offered by maps.



These abilities distinguish GIS from other
information systems and make it valuable to a
wide range of public and private enterprises for
explaining events, predicting outcomes, and
planning strategies.
The Role of Information Communication Technology & Geoinformatics in Vector Control in Nigeria.
Planning of
Projects

Improve
Organizational
Integration

Make
Better
Decisions

Visual
Analysis
SIMULATION
ON
HOW ICT & GEOINFORMATICS CAN BE
USED IN INTEGRATED VECTOR CONTROL &
MANAGEMENT
(Data processing and GIS mapping mosquito species)
.

VECTOR SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITY IN XXXX LGA
OVITRAPS

Mosquitoes
Collected

JANUARY

20

0

0

2

6

2

FEBRUARY

20

2

2

0

12

2

MARCH

25

9

3

6

15

3

APRIL

52

43

10

19

30

3

MAY

40

80

34

14

50

3

JUNE

35

56

50

13

22

3

Total

192

190

99

54

135

MONTHS

Albopictus aegypti Anopheles

TOTAL
SPECIES
MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT IN XXX LGA
70

.

Total No. of Mosquitoes Collected

60

50

40

Albopictus
30

aegypti
Anopheles

20

10

0
JANUARY

FEBRUARY

MARCH

APRIL

Month of Surveillance

MAY

JUNE
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

Anopheles spp
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

Anopheles spp
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Anopheles spp
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

Anopheles spp
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

Anopheles spp
KEY
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

Anopheles spp
WITH ICT & GEOINFORMATICS, CAN YOU
FORCAST WHAT WILL HAPPEN BY DECEMBER
2013 IF NOTHING IS DONE TO MANAGE &

CONTROL THESE MOSQUITO SPECIES
(In the State simulated in previous slides)

???
APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL
INFORMATION SYSTEMs (GIS) & INFORMATION

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
IN MAPPING MOSQUITOE SPECIES:
The NAVRC’s Approach.
NAVRC is an acronym for National Arbovirus and Vectors
Research Centre.
It is an institute established in 1973 and was realised on the
joint efforts of the Federal, State and World Health
Organisation to continuously provide meanings to
interventions in eliminating and subsequent eradication of
vector-borne diseases especially malaria in Nigeria.
It is situated at the Government Reserved Area (GRA),
Enugu and currently has Dr. Chukwuekezie O.C. as the
Chief Medical Officer .
Vision:
To be one of the leading research centres
in the world by 2030.
Mission:
To be a Centre of Excellence by establishing
superior value for all aspects of research on
arthropod-borne viruses and vectors; sustaining
quests of asking and proffering solutions and
adhering to the ethical standards.
To conduct field disease vectors surveillance and control
throughout Nigeria.

To study the ecology, bionomics, distribution and seasonal
variation of disease vectors especially arbovirus vectors
To identify and incriminate principal arbovirus and other
disease vectors in Nigeria.
To train middle level manpower in field and Laboratory
Entomology Techniques.
To conduct bioassay on disease vectors.

To screen Nigerian plants to determine their pesticidal
properties


Develop online graphic visuals on disease vector activities to
assist Vector Control Officers across the geopolitical zones in
Nigeria.



Using data generated by the state vector control officers,
NAVRC shall develop Geographic Information System (GIS)
based maps with animation (video) to bring surveillance
results "to life."



The GIS video & maps in vector-borne disease surveillance
will aid in refining the science of preventing vector-borne
disease outbreaks in Nigeria.
Geoinformatics in Disease Vectors Research
Research
Data
Approval

• Geoinformatics section shall be responsible to
identify whether needed data exists, needs to be
collected, or acquired from third parties.

Research
Data
Collection

•the required spatial data is delivered from the
Geoinformatics Section to the relevant division, in a
suitable format and manner

Research
Data
Analysis

•GIS data is analysed, manipulated, illustrated,
plotted and exported. The required spatial analysis is
done with the help of the GIS or other tools in
Geoinfomatics.

Research
Result
Reporting

•maps are produced as part of the analysis results.
Reporting is again done with the help of the GIS
Center or through utilities provided by the
Geoinformatics Centre .
The Role of Information Communication Technology & Geoinformatics in Vector Control in Nigeria.


By providing the tools (ICT & Geoinformatics)
to better understand surveillance
results, Integrated Vector Management
Officers across Nigeria can optimize
their own surveillance programs.



Extension personnel can use the system
for educating the public and potentially
save human lives.
The integration of ICT & Geoinformatics in
vector surveillance ought to be a fundamental
skill for modern Integrated Vector
Management officers across the Globe…

Anumba Joseph Uche
http://linkedin.com/in/anumbajoe
Enquiries: National Arbovirus and Vectors
Research Centre, Enugu StateNigeria.

Contact: Anumba Joseph Uche
anumbajoe@gmail.com
http://linkedin.com/in/anumbajoe
2348032173955

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The Role of Information Communication Technology & Geoinformatics in Vector Control in Nigeria.

  • 1. THE ROLE OF ICT & GEOINFORMATICS IN VECTOR SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL IN NIGERIA. Presented by ANUMBA JOSEPH UCHE Scientific Officer (Entomology) Federal Ministry of Health, National Arbovirus and Vectors Research CentreEnugu, Nigeria.
  • 2. • To understand the concept of Integrated Vector Management in terms of Surveillance and Control. • To understand the components of Information communication technologies (ICT) and Geoinformatics. • Garner knowledge on how to apply/integrate ICT and Geoinformatics in Vector Management.
  • 3. Ask Your Self… What is Integrated Vector Management (IVM)? What does IVM entail? As an IVM officer, what are the required tools and skills? Why do we need these skills?
  • 4.    IVM is a rational decision-making process for the optimal use of resources for vector control. The approach seeks to improve the efficacy, costeffectiveness, ecological soundness and sustainability of disease-vector control. The ultimate goal is to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis and Chagas disease.
  • 5. Driving forces behind a growing interest in IVM include the need to overcome challenges experienced with conventional single-intervention approaches to vector control as well as recent opportunities for promoting multi-sectoral approaches to human health.
  • 6.  Advocacy, social mobilization, regulatory control for public health and empowerment of communities.  Collaboration within the health sector and with other sectors through the optimal use of resources, planning, monitoring and decision-making.  Integration of non-chemical and chemical vector control methods, and integration with other disease control measures.
  • 7.  Evidence-based decision making guided by operational research and entomological and epidemiological surveillance and evaluation.  Development of adequate human resources, training and career structures at national and local level to promote capacity building and manage IVM programmes;
  • 8. SURVEILLANCE In any vector based disease, the most important process in controlling it is monitoring the vector population (Surveillance). VECTORS CONTROL This surveillance is important to prioritize the area for treatment and vector control measures.
  • 9. • Detect Outbreak to initiate timely & effective control Disease Transmission Status Prioritization • Prioritize the area (Temporal & Geographic distribution) for treatment and vector/disease control measures. • Monitor the impact of control interventions Disease Control Sustainability
  • 10. HBC-Human Bait Collection Mosquitoes PKC- Pyrethriod Knockdown Collection Ovitrap Mosquito surveillance is trapping mosquitoes in a way that they can be systematically evaluated and/or tested for disease. Larval Sampling Dipping
  • 11. • Contemporary Vector Vector Surveillance Surveillance tools & Control Activities & Laboratory • Basic Entomological Techniques Analysis • Specimen diagnosis & Analysis Information Communicati on Technology (ICT) • Data Generation of Vector Surveillance activities • Data Storage & Analysis • Information communication / transmission • Entomological & Epidemiological Monitoring (spatial & geographical Geo distribution) informatics • Simulation of Vector control [Decision activities Support System] • Develop Vector Management Strategies & Decision support
  • 12. Individuals, organizations, Institutions. PCs, input & output devices, smart phones, tabs. Internet, Cloud computing, Webinar, Geoinfo. People Data Hardware Information Activities, projects, research. Software Procedures Mobile Apps, statistical analysis, database . Feedback, reporting, implementation, maintenance.
  • 13. Data People • raw facts and figures • data is entered by humans (people, organization, institutions etc). Hardware: • physical components & devices used to aquire, process, store. Software • the name given to computer programs usually installed I most hardware. Information: Procedures: • data that is converted to give it a meaning. • a series of actions conducted in a certain order to make sure the system runs smoothly.
  • 14.  Cloud computing, or something within the cloud, is an expression used to describe a variety of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers connected through a real-time communication networks.  In IVM, Cloud computing is used as an innovative concept to mitigate the problem of communication lag in Vector surveillance, monitoring, control, research activities, documentation and data transfer among professionals in across the world.
  • 17. GPS Global Positioning systems REMOTE SENSING DATABASE GIS Geographic Information System • GPS technology allows users to determine exactly where they are on the surface of the earth by triangulating data from a series of satellite that orbit the earth. [using a GPS receiver] • …the science and art of obtaining information about an object, area, or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object, area, or phenomenon under investigation. • A database is an organized collection of data. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring this information. • integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analysing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information.
  • 18.  A Geographic Information System (GIS) allows us to view, understand, question, interpret, and visualize data in many ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts.  A GIS is an information system designed to work with data referenced by spatial / geographical coordinates.  In other words, GIS is both a database system with specific capabilities for spatially referenced data as well as a set of operations for working with the data. It may also be considered as a higher order map.
  • 19.  GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query and statistical analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis benefits offered by maps.  These abilities distinguish GIS from other information systems and make it valuable to a wide range of public and private enterprises for explaining events, predicting outcomes, and planning strategies.
  • 22. SIMULATION ON HOW ICT & GEOINFORMATICS CAN BE USED IN INTEGRATED VECTOR CONTROL & MANAGEMENT (Data processing and GIS mapping mosquito species)
  • 23. . VECTOR SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITY IN XXXX LGA OVITRAPS Mosquitoes Collected JANUARY 20 0 0 2 6 2 FEBRUARY 20 2 2 0 12 2 MARCH 25 9 3 6 15 3 APRIL 52 43 10 19 30 3 MAY 40 80 34 14 50 3 JUNE 35 56 50 13 22 3 Total 192 190 99 54 135 MONTHS Albopictus aegypti Anopheles TOTAL SPECIES
  • 24. MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT IN XXX LGA 70 . Total No. of Mosquitoes Collected 60 50 40 Albopictus 30 aegypti Anopheles 20 10 0 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL Month of Surveillance MAY JUNE
  • 31. WITH ICT & GEOINFORMATICS, CAN YOU FORCAST WHAT WILL HAPPEN BY DECEMBER 2013 IF NOTHING IS DONE TO MANAGE & CONTROL THESE MOSQUITO SPECIES (In the State simulated in previous slides) ???
  • 32. APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMs (GIS) & INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN MAPPING MOSQUITOE SPECIES: The NAVRC’s Approach.
  • 33. NAVRC is an acronym for National Arbovirus and Vectors Research Centre. It is an institute established in 1973 and was realised on the joint efforts of the Federal, State and World Health Organisation to continuously provide meanings to interventions in eliminating and subsequent eradication of vector-borne diseases especially malaria in Nigeria. It is situated at the Government Reserved Area (GRA), Enugu and currently has Dr. Chukwuekezie O.C. as the Chief Medical Officer .
  • 34. Vision: To be one of the leading research centres in the world by 2030. Mission: To be a Centre of Excellence by establishing superior value for all aspects of research on arthropod-borne viruses and vectors; sustaining quests of asking and proffering solutions and adhering to the ethical standards.
  • 35. To conduct field disease vectors surveillance and control throughout Nigeria. To study the ecology, bionomics, distribution and seasonal variation of disease vectors especially arbovirus vectors To identify and incriminate principal arbovirus and other disease vectors in Nigeria. To train middle level manpower in field and Laboratory Entomology Techniques. To conduct bioassay on disease vectors. To screen Nigerian plants to determine their pesticidal properties
  • 36.  Develop online graphic visuals on disease vector activities to assist Vector Control Officers across the geopolitical zones in Nigeria.  Using data generated by the state vector control officers, NAVRC shall develop Geographic Information System (GIS) based maps with animation (video) to bring surveillance results "to life."  The GIS video & maps in vector-borne disease surveillance will aid in refining the science of preventing vector-borne disease outbreaks in Nigeria.
  • 37. Geoinformatics in Disease Vectors Research Research Data Approval • Geoinformatics section shall be responsible to identify whether needed data exists, needs to be collected, or acquired from third parties. Research Data Collection •the required spatial data is delivered from the Geoinformatics Section to the relevant division, in a suitable format and manner Research Data Analysis •GIS data is analysed, manipulated, illustrated, plotted and exported. The required spatial analysis is done with the help of the GIS or other tools in Geoinfomatics. Research Result Reporting •maps are produced as part of the analysis results. Reporting is again done with the help of the GIS Center or through utilities provided by the Geoinformatics Centre .
  • 39.  By providing the tools (ICT & Geoinformatics) to better understand surveillance results, Integrated Vector Management Officers across Nigeria can optimize their own surveillance programs.  Extension personnel can use the system for educating the public and potentially save human lives.
  • 40. The integration of ICT & Geoinformatics in vector surveillance ought to be a fundamental skill for modern Integrated Vector Management officers across the Globe… Anumba Joseph Uche http://linkedin.com/in/anumbajoe
  • 41. Enquiries: National Arbovirus and Vectors Research Centre, Enugu StateNigeria. Contact: Anumba Joseph Uche anumbajoe@gmail.com http://linkedin.com/in/anumbajoe 2348032173955