an introduction to kochi city, its demographic characteristics, infrastructure, economy, history and tourism.

1. KOCHI
CITY STUDY
SHUBHI SONAL
ARUN CHANDRA BABU
APURVA TOMAR

2. •COMMERCIAL CAPITAL OF KERALA
•9 58’ N LATITUDE & A LONGITUDE OF 76 16’E
•LOCATED FACING THE ARABIAN SEA IN THE ERNAKULUM
DISTRICT OF KERALA.
•THE
ENTIRE
REGION
COVERING
FORT
KOCHI, MATTANCHERRY, WELLINGTON ISLAND, MAINLAND
ERNAKULAM AND ITS SUBURBIA (INCLUDING VYTTILA,
VENNALA, EDAPALLY) IS GENERALLY REFERRED TO AS
KOCHI (OR COCHIN) BECAUSE ALL THESE AREAS WERE
PART OF THE ERSTWHILE KINGDOM OF KOCHI IN PREINDEPENDENCE INDIA.
KOCHI
KOCHU A SMALL BRANCH OF THE PERIYAR RIVER, WHICH
FLOWS IN TO THE SEA MOUTH OF THE VEMBANAD
ESTUARY, GAVE THIS PLACE THE NAME ‘COCHIN’.
•DIVERSE COMMUNITY PROFILE COMPRISING OF
HINDUS, MUSLIMS, JEWS, KONKANIS ETC
INTRODUCTION
KOCHI
•LARGEST URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN THE STATE & 2ND
LARGEST ON THE WESTERN COAST.

3. KOCHI CORPORATION, HEADED BY A MAYOR
IS DIVIDED INTO 74 WARDS.
FORT KOCHI, MATTANCHERRY AND
ERNAKULAM WERE THE THREE
MUNICIPALITIES IN COCHIN AREA, WHICH
WAS LATER MERGED TO FORM THE COCHIN
CORPORATION.
THE CORPORATION HAS ITS HEADQUARTERS
IN ERNAKULAM
KOCHI
KOCHI CITY REGION INCLUDES
KOCHICORPORATION, THRIPUNITHURA
MUNICIPALITY, KALAMASSERY
MUNICIPALITY AND 14PANCHAYATS;
ALTOGETHER ENCOMPASSING OF 369.72
SQ. KM AREA.
HIGH COURT OF KERALA, THE HIGHEST
JUDICIAL BODY IN THE STATE IS IN KOCHI
KOCHI IS THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE
SOUTHERN NAVAL COMMAND, THE PRIMARY
TRAINING CENTRE OF THE INDIAN NAVY.
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
ADMINISTRATIVE SET UP

4. KOCHI IS A COASTAL SETTLEMENT
INTERSPERSED WITH BACKWATER SYSTEM
AND FRINGED ON THE EASTERN SIDE BY
LATERITE CAPPED LOW HILLS FROM WHICH
A NUMBER OF STREAMS ORIGINATE AND
DRAIN INTO THE BACKWATER SYSTEM.
•THE AREA ABOUNDS IN PLAINS, RIVERS,
ESTUARIES, SEA COAST, ISLANDS AND OTHER
TYPES OF NATURAL FEATURES.
•AVERAGE ALTITUDE RANGES FROM 7.5M
TO 1M ABOVE MSL FROM EAST TO WEST.
•THE CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL FEATURE OF
KOCHI IS THE EXPANSE OF BACKWATERS AND
LOW LYING WET LANDS.
•A NO. OF MAIN AND SECONDARY CANALS
CRISS CROSS THE AREA. SOME ARE USED
FOR TRANSPORTATION WHILE OTHERS ARE
SUBJECT
TO
ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION DUE TO WASTE DUMPING
GEOGRAPHY
KOCHI
• THE LOCATION OF KOCHI AT PAR WITH THE
SEA LEVEL. KOCHI HAS A COASTLINE THAT
STRETCHES UP TO A LENGTH OF ABOUT 48
KILOMETERS.

5. VEGETATION
18.44 % (6817.55 HECTARES) OF THE
KOCHI CITY REGION REMAINS AS SHALLOW
WET LANDS THAT IS EITHER PADDY OR FISH
FARM AND MARSHY.
THE PATENTED ‘POKKALI RICE’ IS BEING
CULTIVATED IN THE PADDY FIELDS, WHICH
NEEDSGOVERNMENTAL SUPPORT TO BE
ECONOMICAL
KOCHI
BUT IN THE COASTAL PANCHAYATS THE
FIELDS ARE CULTIVATED FOR SINGLE CROP
AND USED FOR PRAWN FARMING DURING
REST OF THE YEAR. THESE ACT AS OPEN
LUNG SPACE IN THE CITY
THE ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS
OF KOCHI CITY REGION INCLUDE THE
FOLLOWING
COMPONENTS:A. BACKWATERS
B. MANGROVE AREAS
C. LOW LANDS AND PADDY FIELDS
D. CANAL SYSTEM
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
GEOGRAPHY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

6. •THE BACKWATERS ARE RICH IN THEIR MARINE
FOODS AND HENCE FORM THE MEANS OF
LIVELIHOOD FOR A LARGE PORTION OF THE
POPULATION. IN SUMMER THE WETLANDS
PARTIALLY DRY UP AND BECOME SUITABLE FOR
PADDY CULTIVATION.
MAP SHOWING MANGROVES IN KOCHI
•THEY ARE USED FOR PISCICULTURE BY BUNDING
AND IN FILLING BY WATER FROM THE BACK
WATER.
KOCHI
•INDISCRIMINATE FILLING OF SUCH AREA IN
RECENT TIMES IS OFTEN CREATING POSSIBILITIES
OF FLOODING AND WATER LOGGING IN THE
ADJOINING AREAS.
MANGALAVANAM QUALIFIES THE CRITERIA FOR
DECLARATION AS AN INTERNATIONAL IBA
(IMPORTANT BIRD AREA) OF THE BIRDLIFE
INTERNATIONAL DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF
MORE THAN 1,500 LITTLE
CORMORANT AND THE PRESENCE OF MORE
THAN 1,000 BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERON
SOURCE:shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in
GEOGRAPHY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

7. •INDISCRIMINATE DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTES
INTO THE CANALS AND THE DIRECT DISCHARGE
OF UNTREATED WASTE WATER POSE THE
BIGGEST THREAT TO COMMUNITY HEALTH AND
SMOOTH FUNCTIONING OF THE CANAL SYSTEM.
•AT PRESENT, THE KOCHI BACKWATER IS
SUBJECTED TO SERIOUS ANTHROPOGENIC
INTERVENTIONS DUE TO DEVELOPMENT
ACTIVITIES
IN
THE
MAINLAND
LIKE
URBANIZATION (MAINLY BY DUMPING OF
URBAN WASTES AND EFFLUENTS INTO THE
SYSTEM
THROUGH
THE
CANALS),
INDUSTRIALIZATION
(BOTH
IN
THE
CORPORATION AND ADJOINING AREAS),
ACTIVITIES IN THE PORT, SHIPYARD ETC.
NATURAL RESOURCES
KOCHI
MOST OF THE LOWLANDS ARE GETTING FILLED
UP AND CONVERTED FOR RESIDENTIAL AND
COMMERCIAL PURPOSES. A MAJOR PART IS
NOW REMAINING AS UNCULTIVATED AND
AQUACULTURE IS
BEING PRACTICED IN SOME AREAS LIKE
KANNAMKODE AND CHAKKANATTUKARI.

8. 1341 A.D.
KOCHI BECAME
BIGGEST
NATURAL PORT
& CENTRE OF
TRADE ON THE
WESTERN
COAST
1840
DEVELOPMENT
OF ERNAKULAM
AS
ADMINISTRATIVE
CENTER.
EXPANSION OF
TOWN
EASTWARDS
1920
COCHIN PORT
CREATED BY
DREDGING.
WELLINGDON
ISLAND
FORMED
HISTORICAL TIMELINE
1503-1663
PORTUGUESE
PERIOD : FORT
KOCHI ESTD.
1940
ROAD AND RAIL
LINKS
CONNECTING
ISLANDS AND
WEST KOCHI TO
EASTERN
MAINLAND
COMPLETED
1663-1773
DUTCH
PERIOD
1773-1814
MYSOREAN
INVASION
1967
COCHIN
MUNICIPAL
CORPORATIO
N FORMED
1976
GCDA
FORMED
2000
ECONOMIC
BOOM IN
ERNAKULAM
LEADING TO
MASSIVE
URBANISATION
IN AND
AROUND KOCHI
1814-1947
BRITISH
PERIOD
KOCHI
1102 A.D.
NEW PRINCELY
STATE
COMPRISING
COCHIN
FORMED

9. POST
INDEPENDENCE
SURGE IN
ECONOMIC
ACTIVITIES AND
URBANISATION
1920
DREDGING WORK
STARTS FOR
COCHIN PORT.
WELLINGDON
ISLAND FORMED.
1940
ROAD CONNECTION
TO THE MAIN LAND
ON THE WEST AND
ROAD-RAIL
CONNECTION TO THE
EAST FROM THE
ISLAND COMPLETED
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
EVOLUTION OF KOCHI : GROWTH STIMULANTS
KOCHI
1870
INITIATION OF THE
IDEA OF MAKING A
GREAT HARBOUR,
OUT OF THE
UNIQUE LAGOONS
IN KOCHI

10. KOCHI SECRETARIAT BUILDING
JEWISH SYNAGOGUE
DUTCH PALACE
KOCHI PORT TRUST
STATE ASSEMBLY BUILDING
ST. FRANCIS CHURCH

11. DESIGN APPEARANCE OF TOWN AND VISUAL PLAN
KOCHI CITY
•KOCHI ORIGINATED AS A MODEST MARKET HARBOUR TOWN,
AND GRADUALLY URBAN EXPANSION OUT GREW THE
BOUNDARIES OF THE CITY.
•THE DEVELOPMENTS WERE MAINLY ALONG THE TRAFFIC
CORRIDORS LEAVING SMALL POCKETS OF UNDEVELOPED
AREAS IN BETWEEN
•MANY ROADS WERE LAID IN AN INCREMENTAL MANNER TO
CATER TO THE INCREASED TRAFFIC DEMAND.
•THE REGIONAL ROAD LINKAGES ARE SUPPLEMENTED BY AN
EXTENSIVE NETWORK OF NAVIGATION ROUTES THROUGH THE
LAGOON SYSTEM.
•THE RAILWAY LINE DIVIDES THE CITY INTO TWO PARTS.

12. KOCHI
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
URBAN GROWTH IN KOCHI AND MAJOR URBAN CENTERS AROUND KOCHI

13. WELLINGDON
ISLAND
•Manmade
•Residential/
•unclassified
area
MARINE DRIVE
•recreational/
business
activities;
Broadway
market
MARADU
•Commercial/
business activities
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
INTRODUCTION
KOCHI
FORT KOCHI
•Heritage zone
MATTANCHERY
•Market area
THRIKKAKARA
•administrative
+ I.T. hub

14. GLIMPSES OF THE CITY
KOCHI
RECREATION: MARINE
DRIVE
COMMERCIAL:
BROADWAY MARKET
HERITAGE: FORT KOCHI

15. KOCHI CORPORATION AREA:
KOCHI
•PERSONS 6,01,574
•MALES 2,96,668
•FEMALES 3,04,906
•POPULATION GROWTH OF +5.6 % IN THE PAST DECADE
2001-2011
•95.5% LITERACY RATE IN KOCHI CITY.
•35% OF POPULATION IS BELOW POVERTY LINE
•POPULATION GROWTH RATE IS SHOWING A DECLINING
TREND IN THE CORPORATION AREA ( 5.1%) DURING THE
PAST THREE DECADES. THE SUBURBAN AREA AROUND
THE CITY SHOWS CONSIDERABLY HIGH POPULATION
GROWTH (9.11%).
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND PROJECTIONS
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI

16. KOCHI
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND PROJECTIONS

17. 4%
CULTIVATORS
AGRICULTURAL LABOUR 1%
LIVE STOCK
MINING AND QUARRYING 3% 0%
MANUFACTURING
CONSTRUCTION
18%
26%
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
8%
15%
25%
ECONOMIC BASE AND WORKFORCE CHARACTERISTICS
KOCHI
0%
ECONOMIC BASE:
•EXPORT AND IMPORT
•FISHING
•MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
LIKE FACT, TRAVANCORE COCHIN
CHEMICALS, HMT, APOLLO
TYRES, SHIPBUILDING ETC.
•INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
AND INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY ENABLED
SERVICES: WIPRO, TATA
CONSULTANCY SERVICES AND
COGNIZANT HAVE AN ACTIVE
PRESENCE IN THE CITY.
•TOURISM SECTOR
•BANKING AND FINANCE SECTOR
•PORT ACTIVITIES
•COCHIN STOCK EXCHANGE

18. •KOCHI IS ONE OF THE FEW CITES OF INDIA WITH
CONNECTION TO OTHER PARTS BY ALL MAJOR MODES OF
TRANSPORT LIKE ROAD, RAIL, AIR AND WATER. NH 17, NH
47 AND NH 49; 3 NATIONAL WATERWAYS, AN
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND COCHIN PORT LOCATED ON
STRATEGIC INTERNATIONAL ROUTE ARE THE MAJOR
INTERCITY LINKAGES.
•MAJORITY OF ROAD TRAFFIC ARE CONCENTRATED ALONG
TWO EAST-WEST CORRIDORS OF THE CITY
• THE BUSES CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 14% OF THE VEHICULAR
TRAFFIC AND CARRY 73% OF THE PASSENGER TRAFFIC;
CARS WITH 38 % OF VEHICULAR TRAFFIC AND 15 % OF
PASSENGER TRIPS
• TWO WHEELERS CONTRIBUTE 35% OF VEHICULAR
TRAFFIC AND 8% OF PASSENGER TRAFFIC;
• AUTO RICKSHAWS CONSTITUTE ABOUT 13% OF
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC AND 4% OF PASSENGER TRIPS.
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION
KOCHI
•THE MAJOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES IN KOCHI ARE
CITY BUSES, AUTO RICKSHAWS AND FERRY BOATS
OPERATED MAINLY BY PRIVATE OPERATORS.

19. KOCHI
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION

20. VEHICLES
GROWTH 1990-2005
TWO WHEELERS
7.4
CARS
3.7
BUSES
5.8
GOODS VEHICLES
3.6
TOTAL ROAD LENGTH= 614 KMS
DENSITY= 1.03 km/1000
population and 6.47 km/sq km
TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
KOCHI
KEY ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN TRANSPORTATION SECTION
•INADEQUATE LANE WIDTH TO CARRY THE PRESENT / FUTURE TRAFFIC
VOLUMES;
•VEHICLE CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE ROAD IS NOT GROWING PROPORTIONATE
WITH THE GROWTH OF VEHICLES.
• LACK OF ORGANIZED TAXI / AUTO STAND.
•POOR PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE (ABSENCE OF
SUBWAY, FOOTPATH, PEDESTRIAN CROSSING ETC);
•ABSENCE OF PROPERLY CONFIGURED INTERSECTIONS AND JUNCTION FLYOVERS
•POOR ROAD MAINTENANCE (AS THERE IS RAIN FOR NEARLY 6 MONTHS, ROADS
ARE DAMAGED VERY QUICKLY
WHICH INCUR HEAVY COST ON MAINTENANCE OF THE ROADS)

21. THE PROJECT WAS DESIGNED TAKING
INTO CONSIDERATION THE CULTURAL
AND COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE OF
THE CITY.
LAND PRICES ARE EXPECTED TO GO UP
ALONG THE METRO ROUTES.
THE KOCHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION
HAS PROPOSED AN ELEVATED ROUTE
SPANNING 25.253 KM FROM
THRIPUNITHURA TO ALUVA
PROPOSED COCHIN METRO ROUTE
KOCHI
THE PROJECT AIMS TO INCREASE THE
MOBILITY OF CITIZENS, WHICH IN
TURN ENHANCE ECONOMIC GROWTH
AND INCREASE THE QUALITY OF LIFE
OF CITIZENS BY OFFERING THEM AN
ALTERNATIVE MODE OF PUBLIC
TRANSPORT TO REACH
JOBS, WORK, EDUCATION, LIVELIHOOD
, ENTERTAINMENT AND OTHER SOCIAL
ACTIVITIES.

22. • KOCHI IS LIKELY TO WITNESS A PROLIFERATION OF APARTMENTS AND FLATS IN
THE NEAR FUTURE IF THE PRESENT TREND CONTINUES. ON THE ONE
SIDE, THERE IS MUCH DEMAND FOR APARTMENTS FROM THE RETURNING NRI
POPULATION. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LEADING EXECUTIVES IN THE STATE
AND FROM OTHER PARTS OF THE COUNTRY WANT TO SET UP SHOP IN THE
MOST HAPPENING PLACE IN KERALA.
KOCHI
•THRIKKAKKARA
REGION HAS
HIGHER DENSITY
OF HIGH RISE
APARTMENTS AND
VILLAS.
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
HOUSING CONDITION AND FUTURE NEED

23. SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
•IN MATTANCHERY REGION MOST OF THE HOUSES ARE OLD OR IN
DILAPIDATED STAGE.
•IN FORT KOCHI AND IN SOME PART OF THE WELLINGTON ISLAND THERE ARE A
FEW FISHERMEN'S COLONIES.
HOUSING CONDITION AND FUTURE NEED
KOCHI
•SLUMS IN KOCHI ARE SCATTERED ALL OVER THE CITY AND THAT MAKES IT
DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH SLUM AREA FROM REGULAR HABITATION. THE
EXCEPTION IS MATTANCHERY WHERE ONE CAN SEE REAL SLUMS.
•ABOUT 90% OF THE HOUSING SHORTAGE PERTAINS TO THE WEAKER SECTION

24. •VATHURUTHY, A BIG SLUM IS LOCATED IN THE WILLINGDON
ISLAND. THE AREA IS THICKLY POPULATED WITH 22,000 PEOPLE OF
2100 FAMILIES (1500 TAMIL FAMILIES AND 600 MALAYALAM
FAMILIES) PACKED LIKE BEEHIVES.
•NATIVES HAVE THEIR OWN HOUSES OF VARIOUS TYPES WITH A
FEW CENTS OF LAND. ALL THE MIGRANT PEOPLE ARE LIVING IN
RENTED HUTS.
KEY ISSUES IN THE SLUMS
•INSECURITY OF TENURE AND HOUSING AND POOR SANITARY
FACILITY;
• ACUTE SCARCITY OF POTABLE WATER;
• POOR STANDARDS OF HEALTH & NUTRITION;
• SOCIAL SECURITY- THREAT FACED BY WOMEN HEADED
FAMILIES, MOST VULNERABLE, PHYSICALLY MENTALLY
CHALLENGED, BEDRIDDEN, CHRONIC ILL PATIENTS AND STREET
CHILDREN;
• POOR STANDARDS OF EDUCATION AND LITERACY, WHICH HAS A
PARTICULAR IMPACT ON WOMEN AND;
• POOR TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES FROM REMOTE SLUM
SETTLEMENTS TO THE MAINSTREAM;
• EXTREMELY LIMITED EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME EARNING
OPPORTUNITIES; AND LIMITED PROVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.
SLUMS IN KOCHI
KOCHI
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI

25. FUTURE NEED
•IDENTIFICATION AND PLANNED USE OF VACANT LAND IS NECESSARY IN
THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR.
•CONSTRUCTION OF MULTIFAMILY DWELLING UNIT TO MOST VULNERABLE
HOMELESS, LANDLESS PEOPLE AND OCCUPANTS OF DILAPIDATED
BUILDINGS;
•RELOCATION OF SLUMS LOCATED IN HAZARDOUS AND VULNERABLE AREAS
KOCHI
KEY ISSUES IN HOUSING SECTER
• RAPID INCREASE OF MIGRANT
POPULATION
• DUE TO SCARCITY AND SOARING
PRICE OF LAND URBAN POOR ARE
PERSUADED TO STAY IN PURAMBOKE
LANDS OR RENTAL HOMES.
• LACK OF TENURE SECURITY
• LACK OF LAND MANAGEMENT
STRATEGY FOR THE CITY
• LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
PROBLEMS RELATED TO GRANT OF
PATTAYAM
• LACK OF AWARENESS IN LOW COST
TECHNOLOGY AND TENURE ISSUES
•DILAPIDATED
BUILDINGS
IN
MATTANCHERRY.
• COST OF CONSTRUCTION AND
BUILDING MATERIALS ARE INCREASING
• ADMINISTRATIVE DELAY, SHORTAGE
OF SKILLED STAFF AND LACK OF
COORDINATION.
• LACK OF LAND USE DATA BANK
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
HOUSING CONDITION AND FUTURE NEED

26. •EDUCATION : THERE ARE SEVERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE CITY THAT MEET ITS EDUCATIONAL NEEDS.
AS PER DATA AVAILABLE FOR THE YEAR 2011, THERE ARE 119 SCHOOLS WITHIN THE CORPORATION OF KOCHI.
MAJORITY OF THESE INSTITUTIONS ARE RUN BY THE PRIVATE AGENCIES
•HEALTH: THERE ARE SUPER SPECIALTY HOSPITALS, PRIMARY HEALTH CENTERS AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS IN THE
CITY PREMISES. THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN THE SLUMS AND OTHER SETTLEMENT AREAS OF THE URBAN
POOR ARE VERY POOR AND THEY LACK PROPER HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.
•CIVIC AMENITIES: THERE ARE PUBLIC LIBRARIES, PLAY GROUNDS, INTERNATIONAL STADIUMS, PARKS, WORKING
WOMEN'S HOSTELS UNDER GCDA.
COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
KOCHI
•SOCIAL SECURITY: OWING TO THE PORT AND WIDER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES KOCHI CITY, ATTRACTS A
RANGE OF POOR MIGRANTS WHO END UP AND SOMETIMES REMAIN ON THE STREET, SLEEPING IN BUS
STAND, RAILWAY STATIONS, AND BEACH AND IN THE MARKET. THESE TRANSIENT GROUPS HAVE LITTLE CAPACITY TO
HELP THEMSELVES TO BREAK THIS CYCLE AND OFTEN REMAIN IN THE STREET INDEFINITELY. COCHIN CORPORATION
HAS CONSTRUCTED NIGHT SHELTERS FOR WOMEN, STREET GIRLS, STREET BOYS, STREET ADULTS AND OTHER 5
REHABILITATION CENTERS.

27. URBAN POOR AND LIVELIHOOD: SEASONAL
UNEMPLOYMENT, IRREGULAR EMPLOYMENT AND LOW PAYMENT ARE
MAJOR HAZARDS AMONG THE URBAN POOR. THE INFORMAL
ACTIVITIES MAINLY CONCENTRATE AROUND MAJOR ROAD NETWORK IN
THE CITY SUCH AS ROAD MARGINS, FOOT PATHS, SPACE IN SMALL
MARKET AREAS ETC. THE MAJOR AREAS OF INFORMAL ACTIVITIES IN
KOCHI CITY ARE SHANMUKHM ROAD, BROADWAY, M. G ROAD ETC
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT : IN CORPORATION AND SURROUNDINGS
CLEAN KERALA UNITS ARE STARTED TO COLLECT SOLID WASTE FROM
HOUSEHOLDS AND HOTELS IN THE CITY. AT PRESENT THERE ARE 21
UNITS FUNCTIONING. IN CORPORATION AND SURROUNDINGS THERE
ARE VERY FEW UNITS OF BIOGAS PLANTS AND VERMI-COMPOST UNITS.
THERE IS A SOLID WASTE TREATMENT PLANT IN BRAMAPURAM COCHIN
CORPORATION.
COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
KOCHI
ROADS AND TRANSPORTATION: BETTER ACCESS OF THE POOR TO THE
PUBLIC TRANSPORT IS OF GREAT SIGNIFICANCE RELATED TO THEIR
PROVERTY. THE RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF SLUM DWELLERS ARE
INACCESSIBLE TO PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. DILAPIDATED
AND POOR ROADS, SUB ROADS AND BYE LANES MAKE THEIR LIFE
PATHETIC.

28. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KOCHI
KOCHI
KEY ISSUES IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMNT
•CITY WIDE WASTE COLLECTION SERVICE DOES NOT REACH MOST OF THE SLUMS
AND URBAN POOR RESIDENTIAL AREAS.
•ABSENCE OF EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE PRIMARY WASTE COLLECTION IN KOCHI
AND SURROUNDINGS.
•LACK OF AWARENESS AMONG THE URBAN POOR REGARDING PROPER SOLID
WASTE DISPOSAL.
•OPEN DRAINAGE, CANALS AND VACANT LAND BECOME WASTE DUMPING
PLACES.
•INADEQUACY OF WASTE BINS IN SLUMS.
•NO PROVISION FOR DAILY REMOVAL OF WASTE FROM EXISTING BINS CREATES
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION.
•URBAN POOR HAVE LIMITED LAND PREMISES TO SEGREGATE OR DISPOSE WASTE.
RELUCTANCE OF SLUM DWELLERS AND URBAN POOR RESIDENCE TO PAY A
NOMINAL COLLECTION CHARGES OR SERVICE CHARGE.

29. SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
CURRENT LAND USE PATTERN
KOCHI
•INDUSTRIAL AREA IS DISTRIBUTED OVER
VARIOUS POCKETS OF THE CITY.
•VERY FEW PATCHES OF OPEN SPACE LEFT
AMIDST THE RESIDENTIAL AREAS
•A MAJOR PORTION OF THE LAND OCCUPIED
BY WATER FEATURES SUCH AS
CANALS, WATERWAYS ETC.
•COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES ARE
CONCENTRATED NEAR THE MARINE DRIVE
AREA.
•LARGE TRACTS OF LAND ALLOCATED FOR
PADDY CULTIVATION ADDS TO THE LUNGSPACE
OF THE CITY

30. •INDUSTRIAL ZONE IS BEING PUSHED
TOWARDS THE PEROPHERAL AREAS OF
THE CITY ON THE EAST.
•INDUSTRIAL BELT BEAR MARINE DRIVE
HAS BEEN REMOVED. THE AREA WILL BE
DEVELOPED AS A CITY CENTER.
•OTHER CITY CENTERS WILL BE COMING
UP IN VYTILLA (MOBILITY HUB) AND
EDAPALLY( MEETING POINT OF NH17 AND
NH47).
•KALAMASSERY AND THRIKKAKARA WILL
BECOME HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL
AREAS. IT HUB IS LOCATED IN THIS PART
OF THE CITY. HIGHRISE APARTMENTS ARE
RAPIDLY COMING UP TO CATER TO THE
WORKING POPULATION. NEED FOR
COMMON PUBLIC FACILITIES.
•GOVT. POLICY TO FILL UP PADDY FIELD
AND USE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF IT SEZs.
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
LANDUSE PATTERN, SUBDIVISION CONTROL & ZONING
KOCHI
•HERITAGE AREA HAS BEEN INTRODUCED
AS A SEPARATE CATEGORY IN FORT KOCHI

31. PLANNING SUB DIVISION 1
(THRIKKAKARA):
•EASTERN BOUNDARY OF THE
PLANNING AREA ON THE EAST IS
EARMARKED FOR INDUSTRIAL USE (IT/
ITES)
•PREFERRED LOCATION FOR LARGE
SCALE PROJECTS
PLANNING SUB DIVISION 2
(KALAMASSERY): PREFERRED
LOCATION FOR LARGE SCALE PROJECTS
•LARGE SCALE PROJECTS
•NO NEW OBNOXIOUS AND
HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES OTHER THAN
THE EXPANSION OF EXISTING
UNITS SHALL BE CONSIDERED.
PLANNING DIVISION 9 – ELOOR
•PREFERRED LOCATION FOR LARGE
SCALE PROJECTS.
•OBNOXIOUS AND HAZARDOUS
INDUSTRIES COULD BE CONSIDERED
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
SUBDIVISION CONTROL AND ZONING REGULATIONS
KOCHI
PLANNING DIVISION 7 –
VADAVUKODU

32. CONSIDERING THE MAGNITUDE OF THE POOR, VARIOUS WELFARE AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION
PROGRAMMES WERE CARRIED OUT IN ORDER TO ARE SHOWN IN THE TABLE.
KOCHI
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS

33. KOCHI
SOURCE: CDP, KOCHI
BUDGET, INCOME EXPENDITURE

34. SPECIFIC ISSUES
•URBAN SPRAWL AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
•INFRASTRUCTURE: ROADS ,WATER
SUPPLY, SEWERAGE, SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE AND SOLID
•WATER BODIES
•ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
•ESCALATING LAND VALUE
•INFORMAL SECTORS
•GROWTH OF SLUMS
PLANNING ISSUES
KOCHI
WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

35. THE LOCATION, ALL
WEATHER
PORT, RELATED FACILITIES
AND THE
UPCOMING ICTT MAKE
KOCHI ONE
OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT PORT
FACILITIES IN INDIA.
MULTIMODAL
TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
FAVORABLE HUMAN
RESOURCES
PRESENCE OF
IWT, RAILWAYS, NATIONL
HIGHWAYS, MRTS AND
CONNECTING BRIDGES
FAVORABLE FOR
ECONOMIC GROWTH
AND MOVEMENT OF
WORKERS
SKILLED MANPOWER IN
THE YOUNG AND MIDDLE
AGE GROUP AVAILABLE
AS LITERACY RATE IS
HIGHEST IN INDIA.
NEED FOR INVESTMENT
TO STOP MIGRATION OF
SKILLED MANPOWER.
GREAT POTENTIAL IN
I.T, TOURISM,
INFRASTRUCTURE AND
EDUCATION SECTORS
LOWER LAND
PRICES, GOOD
COMMUNICATIONS
INFRASTRUCTURE , LOW
LABOUR COSTS
AND GOVERNMENT’S
INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE
IT/ITES.
HERITAGE AND
TOURISM SECTOR
RICH
ARCHITECTURAL, NATURAL
AND
CULTURAL HERITAGE. NEED
FOR AWARENESS
CREATION,
FORMULATION OF
DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES
& IMPLEMENTATION
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES & FUTURE PROSPECTS
KOCHI
SHIPPING INDUSTRY

36. THE GREATER COCHIN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY’S
VISION 2030 AIMS TO DECONGEST THE CENTRAL
DISTRICT THROUGH DECENTRALISED DEVELOPMENT AND
ELEVATE KOCHI TO THE STATUS OF A GLOBAL CITY
THE GCDA WILL GIVE PRIORITY TO PROJECTS LIKE RING
ROAD, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION CENTRE, CHELLANAM
SATELLITE TOWNSHIP AND AN ENTERTAINMENT ZONE AT
MARINE DRIVE, UNDER VISION 2030.
SOME OF THE PROJECTS, INCLUDING THE 250-ACRE
CHELLANAM TOWNSHIP, WOULD BE FUNDED THROUGH
THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTICIPATORY (PPP) MODEL.
MAJOR CHALLENGE BEFORE THE ADMINISTRATION
WOULD BE THE LAW BANNING FILLING AND
DEVELOPMENT OF PADDY FIELDS FOR CONSTRUCTION
PURPOSES.
SOURCE: www.corporationofcochin.net
FUTURE PROSPECTS: GLOBAL CITY
DEVELOPMENT OF WATER TRANSPORT WILL
GET
PRIORITY, ESPECIALLY IN VIEW OF ITS TOURISM
POTENTIAL
KOCHI
THE EIGHT DIVISION CENTRES PROPOSED TO DECONGEST
THE
CITY
ARE
KALOOR, KADAVANTHARA, TRIPUNITTURA, RAMESHWAR
AM, PALLURUTHY, THRIKKAKARA, CHERANELLORE AND
ELAMKUNNAPPUZHA.