Cement industries EHS consideration

CEMENT INDUSTRIES:
EHS CONSIDERATIONS
A Presentation By
Dr. V.C. Srivastava
Assistant Professor,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,
Roorkee – 247667, India.
Email: vimalfch@iitr.ernet.in

CEMENT INDUSTRIES: EHS CONSIDERATIONS: Dr. V.C.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
INTRODUCTION
 Cement production is yardstick for measurement of civilization and
industrialization.
 Significant role in providing shelter to mankind, infrastructural
development of the nation.
 The recent boom in infrastructure and the housing market.
 Indian cement industry
 first bag of cement was packed in 1914 at Porbundar.
 ranks second next only to China
 According to a report by the ICRA Industry Monitor, the installed capacity
is expected to increase to 186 mt per annum (mtpa) by the end of FY 2008,
and 219 mtpa by end of FY 2009, and further up to 241 mtpa by FY 2010-
end.
 As a result, India's cement industry will record an annual growth at around
10%.

Cement consumption 1985-2020E (million t)
Continent 1985 2003 2020 % pa growth
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January 25-29,
2010
03-20
Developed
countries 323 410.5 475 0.80 %
Developing
countries 363.7 1202.5 2586.5 4.30 %
Total 686.7 1612.9 3061.5 3.60 %

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Indian cement industry
 Cement consumption per capita
 India - 99 kg/capita (one of the lowest)
 China - 450 kg/capita.
 Japan - 631 kg/capita
 World average - 267 kg/capita.
 Cement plants in our country have mostly changed from the
wet process to the energy efficient dry process.
 Indian industry matches quite well with world standards in
terms of energy (thermal energy kcal/kg of clinker – India 665
against 690 of Japan) and pollution norms (SPM of 40 in India
against 20 of Japan).
 The average performance of the Indian industry is lagging
behind.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
 Alternative technologies: Wet process, Semi-dry process and
Dry process.
 Major steps in manufacturing
 Acquisition and transportation of raw materials
 Preparation of raw materials
 Pyroprocessing of raw materials to form cement clinker.
 Cooling and grinding of clinker with gypsum into cement
 Storage and packaging

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

The raw materials for cement production are
 limestone or other source of CaCO3 (about 80 to 85%
of input),
 clay (about 15 to 20% of input),
 other (a few % of input) to provide Si, Fe and Al.
 One needs approximately 1.5 kg of input material for
1 kg of cement output, the loss of mass being emitted
as pollutant.
 The fuel energy requirement is around 3700 MJ
(1028 kWh) per tonne of clinker.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

ENVIRONMENTAL
HAZARADS AND
MANAGEMENT IN CEMENT
INDUSTRIES

Environment Pollution due to Cement manufacture
Pollution causing activities of cement manufacture
 Off Plant pollution
 In- plant pollution
 Application generated
Fugitive emissions
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Environmental Impact of Cement Manufacture

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
INTRODUCTION
 Major environmental issues are
 dust pollution
 emission of Green House Gases (GHG),
 ecological concern arising from the degradation of mined-out areas,
 noise and transport pollution.
 Cement related GHG emissions originate from
 fossil fuel combustion at cement manufacturing operation (40%)
 transport activities (5%)
 combustion of fossil fuel that is required to make the electricity (5%).
 Other manufacturing process (about 50%)

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
 Fugitive emissions are quite high in cement industries
and requires immediate attention for control.
 Continuous dust monitoring system with data logger
should be installed by all the cement industries and
calibration should be done from time to time.
 Pet-coke containing about sulphur is being used as
fuel in cement kiln in few units.
The SO2 emission
vanadium and nickel emission.
 It is necessary to frame fuel quality specifications for
the cement industries.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
 Emission standards for particulate matter is quite relaxed in
comparision to other countries like USA, Japan, Germany. Need
is being felt to revise the emissions standards.
 Cement industries have potential to utilise industrial wastes like
flyash, blast furnace slag, phosphogypsum. But the present
utilization is low and needs to be enhanced.
 In Indian cement industries, 40% of total heat input is going as
waste heat, which should be utilized for co-generation of power.
This is already being practiced in Japan, China & South East
Asian Countries.
 The need of identifying incinerable hazardous waste for use as
fuel in cement kiln is also stressed.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
List of impact categories
Type Impact category Unit Spatial Scope
Squandering
of resources
Abiotic resources - Global
Biotic resources Year-1 Global/regional
Land - Local
Pollution Global warming kg CO2-eq. Global
Depletion of the ozone
layer
kg CFC-11 eq. Global
Human toxicity kg b.w.a Global/continental/regional/local
Aquatic ecotoxicity m3 polluted watera Global/continental/regional/local
Terrestrial ecotoxicity kg polluted soila Global/continental/regional/local
Photochemical
kg C2H4-eq. Continental/regional/local
oxidantformation
Acidification kg SO2-eq. Continental/regional/local
Eutrophication kg P-eq. Continental/regional/local
Waste heat MJ Regional/local
Odour m3 polluted aira Local
Noise Pa2*s Local
Affection Ecosystem and
landscape
m2·s Global/continental/regional/local
Death — Local
aPolluted to a defined threshold level.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Pollutants Released by Cement Kilns
 Carbon dioxide (global warming gas)
 Acid Gases, Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur
Dioxide, Particulate Matter
 19 heavy metals, including lead, mercury,
cadmium and chromium VI
 Products of Incomplete Combustion (PICs),
including dioxins, furans and Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Source: http://www.texascenter.org/publications/kiln.htm

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Pollutants Released by Cement Kilns
 “Upset” events in cement kilns operation trigger
increased emissions from the stack and “fugitive”
(non-stack) emissions from the cement kiln itself.
 When handling, storing and burning liquid hazardous
wastes, fugitive emissions can be released from
numerous points at ground level such as the seals on
the cement kiln, vents and pressure release valves, the
storage tanks, and transfer points from the storage
tanks through the pumps and into the rotary kiln.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Dioxin Facts
 Dioxins and furans are the most toxic
chemicals known to science
 Dioxins cause infertility, learning
disabilities, endometriosis, birth defects,
sexual reproductive disorders, damage to
the immune system, cancer and more.
 93% of dioxin exposure is from eating meat
and dairy products.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
How to make dioxin
 Dioxins are created by burning hydrocarbons
(fossil fuels, tires, hazardous wastes) with
chlorine (present in coal, tires and some
hazardous wastes) in the presence of oxygen.
 Dioxin emissions increase when:
More chlorine is in the fuel/waste stream
Certain metal catalysts are present
The gases stay in a low temperature range (200-
450o C)

• Only generally used for sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen
oxides (NOx), oxygen (O2), carbonmonoxide (CO) and
opacity (indirectly monitoring particulate matter)
• Technology now exists to continuously monitor:
Ammonia (NH4)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Acid Gases:
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Hydrofluoric Acid (HF)
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Products of Incomplete Combustion (PICs):
Dioxins & Furans
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Metals:
Antimony (Sb)
Arsenic (As)
Barium (Ba)
Cadmium (Cd)
Chromium (Cr)
Lead (Pb)
Manganese (Mn)
Mercury (Hg)
Silver (Ag)
Nickel (Ni)
Zinc (Zn)
…and more
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Continuous Emissions Monitors
www.ejnet.org/toxics/cems.html

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Cement Kiln Dust (CKD)
 Large amounts of fine material given off and
carried out by flow of hot gas within cement kiln
 Collected using pollution control systems like
cyclones, electrostatic precipitators, or
baghouses, and is then landfilled either on or off
site.
 Dry process cement kilns generally produce more
CKD
 Some CKD is “recycled” into the cement
product.

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January 25-29,
2010
“Beneficial” Uses
 Not considered hazardous waste by US EPA
 Soil Stabilization
 Stabilization and Solidification of Waste
 Cement Replacement
 Asphalt Pavement
 Mine Fill
 Crop Enhancer

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
What’s in Cement Kiln Dust?
 Calcium Oxide
 Toxic metals: Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium,
Antimony, Barium, Beryllium, Lead, Silver,
Mercury, Thallium, Selenium, Nickel
 Dioxin, Furans

Cement Kiln Dust More Toxic when
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Burning Hazardous Waste
Hazardous Waste Fuels vs. Traditional Fuels
 Hazardous Waste either emitted into air, absorbed into
CKD, or into clinker (final product)
 Using hazardous waste produces 104% more cement
kiln dust by volume
 Lead concentrations 250% higher
 Cadmium concentrations 150% higher
 Chromium concentrations 50% higher
 Selenium concentrations 100% higher
 700 times more dioxin
Source: EPA, Report to Congress on CKD, December 1993)
Source: Downwinders (http://www.downwindersatrisk.org/DownwindersAtRisk-
100FactsAboutTheIncineration.htm)

Cement Industry & Green house Gas (GHG) Emissions
 5% of global man-made CO2 emissions
 Cement industry's emission of CO2 is next only to thermal
power plants (coal based).
 The approximate contributions of each of the CO2 sources are:
 Calcination 50 - 55%
 Fuel combustion 40 - 50%
 Electricity 0 - 10%
 Total CO2 emissions per tonne of cement (assuming a 0.95:1
clinker to cement ratio) ranges about from 0.85 to 1.15 tonne.
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January 25-29,
2010

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Limiting CO2 emissions
Process modification
 Substitution of coal by lower carbon fuels like
lignite and natural gas,
 Use of washed coal,
 Improved kilns,
 Use of renewable sources of energy like solar,
wind energy also come under this category.
 Afforestation and planting of trees in the plants'
environs; these act like a "sink" for GHG's.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Limiting CO2 emissions
Product modification
 Blended cement manufacture
 Increased use of pozzolana in concrete.
Lower clinker content
Increase fuel efficiency
Alternative fuels

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January 25-29,
2010
Improved Waste Management
Using Cement Kilns to Manage Waste Problems
 High temperature, long residence time
 Well controlled process
 Can safely process alternative materials with
appropriate handling, training and safety procedures
 More than 10 million tons of Hazardous Wastes is
co-processed in cement kilns annually
 Potential use to dispose of off-date pesticides
(approx. 500 mil pounds worldwide)
 Potential to provide sound disposal option for many
wastes in India.

HEALTH HAZARADS
AND MANAGEMENT IN
CEMENT INDUSTRIES

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Health Issues
The main health hazards which may have implications
for health are as follows:
 Airborne dust
 Noise and vibration
 Dangerous atmospheres
 Handling of alternative fuels
The incidence of such over exposure is generally so low
as not to require statistical monitoring or reporting.
 No universal industry standard yet exists on
monitoring and reporting.

Guidelines on Specific Health Issues
Airborne Dust
 Cement production produces dust that without effective control
leads to respiratory disease.
 There are some indications of elevated chronic obstructive lung
diseases.
GOOD PRACTICE
 Limit dust levels, and employee exposure.
 Appropriate respiratory protection should be worn where work
has to be carried out in dusty areas in cement plants.
 Various limits exist in different countries
 Exposure limits for Respirable Crystalline Silica are now under
review.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Guidelines on Specific Occupational Health Issues
Noise and Vibration
 Main sources of noise are the milling plants used to
grind the cement product.
 PPE are required for noise levels below 80 dB.
 Noise deflectors and improved sound insulation.
 Improved noise personal protective equipment
 Workers to wear appropriate hearing protection.
 Many companies regularly monitor employee
auditory functions to ensure this does not exceed
natural decline with age.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Noise and Vibration
 Whole body vibration is another issue.
 Workers driving older heavy mobile equipment can
be exposed to vibration.
 Modern mobile equipment combine
 lower inherent vibration with
 damped seating and insulated cabins, reducing the hazard
to insignificant levels.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Dangerous Atmospheres
 Coal and petroleum coke mill areas, where fine
airborne particles can create an explosion
hazard.
 Kiln and raw mill cyclones and ducting, where
un-ventilated process gases could lead to a
shortfall of oxygen during maintenance work.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Dangerous Atmospheres
Working in Coal/Petroleum Coke Processing Areas
 Quantities of coal or coke may self-ignite, if conditions allow,
leading to the possibility of bursting into flame
 avoid spillages where possible
 clean up spillages as soon as they occur.
 A mixture of coal dust or coke dust and air is potentially
explosive, leading to the possibility of a violent blast
 avoid creating dust clouds
 remove source of ignition such as glowing coal, sparks, welding,
grinding, static, electricity, smoking etc.
 Smoking must be strictly forbidden at all times throughout all the coal
processing areas
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Environmental Health
 Cement-making raw materials do sometimes contain
trace amounts of toxic elements such as mercury,
thallium, iodine, cadmium and other heavy metals.
 Stack emissions are monitored where appropriate for
these trace components.
 The cement-making process can also lead to trace
emissions of POP’s (Persistent Organic Pollutants).
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Handling of Alternative Fuels
 Plastics: Recycled plastics are normally used
in shredded form and conveyed pneumatically.
There can be considerable associated dust
requiring eye protection and breathing masks as
well as full body clothing, metal silos and ducts
need electrical earthing to prevent an explosion
hazard.
Fire protection is also required, as well as
evacuation instruction in the case of fire, as smoke
vapours can be toxic.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

 Recycled solvents must be rigorously sampled at intake because of
variable chemical and physical composition in order to determine health
precautions.
 Most solvents are toxic and may be flammable. Therefore health
precautions are similar to those used in the source industry (e.g.
chemical, pharmaceutical) Intake and storage systems must be designed
for safe, automated handling, with spill, fire and explosion protection,
with an associated emergency plan.
 Health procedures require eye protection, breathing masks and full
cover clothing.
 Used Oils & Oil Emulsions :
 Used oils will need to be checked for PCB content that will determine
precise precautions required.
 Requirements are generally similar to those for solvents, with similar
health precautions.
Srivastava
 Solvents:
January 25-29,
2010

 Sewage Sludge:
While sewage sludge is generally pre-treated there is a
possibility of biological infection.
 Hence the main emphasis is on avoidance of skin contact
and skin protections through use of gloves and appropriate
clothing, followed by usual employee hygiene precautions
afterwards.
 This listing of secondary fuels is indicative only.
 In general, rules for handling these and any other
materials should be equivalent to those used in the
industry from which these are sourced.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Other General Guidelines are:
 All operating personnel should have a thorough knowledge of
methods for competent operation of the fuel handling systems
in normal operation, startup, shutdowns and emergency
situations.
 Persons handling fuels should be advised of hazards, proper
procedures, precautions, health effects and recommendations
for emergency treatment.
 An emergency plan should adequately address possible
emergencies that may arise during transport, storage, handling,
and processing.
 An emergency shower and eye washing station should be
clearly marked and located near the storage areas of liquid and
alternative fuels.
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January 25-29,
2010

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Other possible health risks
 Health risks due to vermin and others pests can
arise particularly in warmer countries due to
unhygienic conditions and due to storage of
secondary fuels such as tyres.
 Minor quantities of toxic chemicals may also
be used in the manufacturing process. These
include laboratory chemicals and other
cleaning fluids and solvents.
 Transformers and capacitors may also contain
PCB (Poly-Chloro-Biphenyl) liquids.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Product related health risks
 Due to its properties, e.g. the high pH value, the handling of
cement has to be done carefully.
 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) enable users of cement to
take the necessary measures relating to protection of health and
safety in the workplace.
 Persons placing substances and preparations on the market
should ensure that persons, coming in contact with cement,
have received appropriate training and use the protective
equipment correctly.
Special attention has to be paid to
 skin protection
 eye protection
 protection of the respiratory system.

SAFETY HAZARADS
AND MANAGEMENT IN
CEMENT INDUSTRIES

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Fatality Analysis
A fatality anaylsis data from a number of Cement
Sustainability Initiative (CSI) members was collected
and analysed. It was found that:
 There was a total of 389 Fatalities in ~300,000
employed over (2003-2007)
79% of all fatalities arise from 3 main causes
 Traffic & Mobile Plant (43%)
 Falls from Heights & Items falling (21%)
 Caught in Moving/Starting Equipment (15%)
 Others were…

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Fatality Analysis

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Fatality Analysis
Fatalities by Age, hour, day and month, work
category
 Employee Fatalities peak in 30’s & 40’s
 Contractor Fatalities peak in later 40’s & 50’s
 Third Party Fatalities peak in the teens
 Data collected also show: Highest Peak fatality time
is 10am to Noon
 More fatalities occur on Monday than on any other
day of the week
 Peak injury rates occur in January & March,
possibly related to cold weather conditions
 Drivers account for nearly 50% of the fatalities

Conclusion: Fatality Causes & Prevention
High Risk Categories: Prevention:
Contractors Contractor Safety Management
Young/Temporary Employees Special Safety Induction
Direct Causes
Traffic & Mobile Plant (43%) Driver Training
Falls from Heights, Objects
falling from Heights (21%)
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Safety Procedures for Work at
Heights, Overhead Protection
Caught in Starting/Moving
Equipment (15%)
Plant Isolation Procedures

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Lost Time Injury Analysis
Typical Injury Causes & Types
 Main causes are Slips, Trips and Falls (29%),
 Falling or Moving Objects (19%) and
 Lifting, Overload and Exertion (18%).
These three causes account for 66% of the total accidents.
 Most Injuries are to Arms and Hands (32%), Legs
and Feet (25%) and Back (13%)
 These injuries are 71% of the total

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Lost Time Injury Analysis

 Most Injuries are to Arms and Hands (32%),
Legs and Feet (25%) and Back (13%)
 These injuries are 71% of the total
 Typical Injury Categories and Ages
 Plant Operators (39%) and General Operatives
(33%) are the most injury prone.
 30-39 is the most injury prone age range
(33%), followed by 20-29 (25%), and 40-49
(24%)
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January 25-29,
2010

Conclusion on Injury Causes & Prevention
Injury Causes: Prevention:
Slip, Trips & Falls Housekeeping, clear designated
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January 25-29,
2010
walkways
Falling/Moving Objects Guards on Machines and elevated areas
Lifting & Overload Manual Handling Training
Injury Types
Arms and Hands Proper use of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Legs and Feet Proper use of PPE
Back Injuries Lifting gear, lifts

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Good Practices in Safety
Mobile Plant
 Common hazards associated with the heavy plant
(e.g. dumper trucks, front loading shovels, fork lift
trucks) used in quarrying and bulk material transport
include vehicle impact and twisted ankles during
embarking and disembarking.
 Incidents can be reduced by
 improved driver training,
 increasing awareness of the people working alongside these
vehicles, and
 by using dedicated routes and crossings.
 Modern vehicles also offer improved visibility, helping
further reduce the risks.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Working at Height
 Controls relating to working
at height or in confined
areas (e.g. Permit-to-work)
 Mandatory use of safety
equipment (harnesses,
safety nets) to properly
protect workers from falls,
posting of permits.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Slips, Trips and Falls
 A nut or bolt falling from a height can kill a person REMEMBER
THAT
 Keep work places tidy
 Use the scrap and dirt bins where provided
 Pile material so that it is stable and steady
 Put tools and other equipment where they can not possibly fall or be
knocked on to someone below.
 Clearly mark, fence or cover all openings in floor, roof or ground.
 All excavations in the plant should be surrounded with a handrail
 When working overhead remove all loose material such as bolts,
screws, tools, timbers, fittings, etc. when the job is finished.
 Never throw tools or materials, always pass them from hand to hand.

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January 25-29,
2010
Fire
 As a generality, there are few combustible materials
in the process equipment in a cement plant, with the
exception of conveyor belts.
 Several cases of significant conveyor belt fires have
arisen, where belt misalignment and/or friction
caused heat build-up and subsequent ignition.
 Heat detectors may be used at conveyor tension stations,
and belts may be purchased made of less/noncombustible
material, to lessen the risk of fire. Fire fighting procedures
must also be in place.
 Electrical cables may also cause or transmit a fire,
also with emission of highly toxic smoke.

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January 25-29,
2010
Fire
 Storage of fuels of all types must be in accordance
with local fire regulations and good practice.
 This applies also to external stockpiles of coal, pet-coke,
tyres and the like, where appropriate fire
precautions will be required, particularly in hot dry
weather.
 Storage of waste combustible materials will create a
fire hazard.
 Proper waste disposal and good housekeeping is the
best form of prevention.

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January 25-29,
2010
Entry into Silos and Confined Spaces
 A confined space is any space of an enclosed nature
where there is a risk of death or serious injury from
hazardous substances or dangerous conditions. The
risks in confined spaces arise due to
 Lack of oxygen
 Poisonous gas, fumes or vapour
 Liquids and solids, which can fill the space suddenly
 Fire and explosions
 Dust
 Hot conditions

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January 25-29,
2010
Avoid entry to confined spaces,
 e.g. by doing the work from outside
 Blockages can be cleared in silos by use of remotely operated rotating
flail devices, vibrators or air purgers
 Inspection, sampling and cleaning operations using the right equipment
 Remote cameras can be used for internal inspection of vessels
If entry is unavoidable, follow a safe system of work
 Appointment of supervisor
 Cleaning before entry
 Check the size of the entrance
 Provision of ventilation
 Testing the air
 Provisions of special tools and lighting
 Provision of breathing apparatus

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January 25-29,
2010
Electrocution
 As cement plants are very energy intensive, there will
be significant power distribution equipment in all
plants.
 Electrical maintenance must be conducted on a
professional basis.
Machine Guarding
 Where there is a risk of physical contact with moving
parts of work equipment which could lead to injuries,
 those parts must be provided with guards or devices to
prevent access to danger zones.

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January 25-29,
2010
Heat Burns
 Incidents and injuries resulting in burns arise from
contact with hot clinker or cement powder. Hazards
are particularly associated with
 hot cement kiln dust (CKD), and
 dust on preheater systems.
 Contact is possible during abnormal operation of the
plant, when clearing blockages, carrying out
maintenance or in emergency situations.
 From contact with combustible materials; oils,
scaffold boards, ladders, electrical cabling, etc.

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Raw Mill and Preheater Tower: Material in the mill is
at temperatures up to 120ºC, in the tower the material
can be as hot as 900ºC. Contact is more likely when:
 Clearing blockages in the tower where there is the
potential for it to flush through the process
Hot Clinker: Contact is possible in the:
 clinker cooler building
 along the clinker pan conveyors
 in the clinker dome
 along the belts to the cement mills

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January 25-29,
2010
Precipitator and By-Pass Dust:
 access is required to the precipitator hoppers
 working on the screws and drag chain conveyors
 maintaining the dust transfer pumps
Hot Cement: Contact is possible when:
 accessing the cement transfer lines
 working on the packers
 carrying out work on the cement screw conveyors and
drag chains

Control / Management of the risks
 Eliminate the hazard
 Reduce the risk at source
 Isolate people from the hazard
 Control the risk by other means
 Protect with the correct PPE
Other Good Practices
 The use of “high visibility” clothing is strongly recommended
particularly under poorer lighting conditions.
 Good lighting around cement plants is also a pre-requisite for
safety of night-time operation and maintenance activities.
 Use of mobile phones should be restricted in areas where
inattention could cause serious consequences.
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
Life saving rules
 Any person working on equipment with moving parts must personally
ensure the equipment is de-energized, isolated and locked/tagged out
 Any person working from a position with the potential for a fall of 1.8
meters or more must use fall protection
 Any person doing flame welding, cutting or brazing up to 6 meters from
any flammable material must obtain a proper hot work permit and apply
the requirements
 Any person entering a confined space must obtain a proper confined space
entry permit and apply the requirements
 Prescribed PPE shall always be worn when exposed to open processes or
systems (e.g. clearing material blockages, electrical work, etc …)
 Using illegal drugs is strictly forbidden on any site - use of alcohol or other
legal drugs that can effect personal concentration is discouraged

GLOBAL ISSUSE FACING THE CEMENT INDUSTRIES
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CEMENT
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
MANUFACTURE

CCOONNCCLLUUSSIIOONN
STEPS TOWARDS
SUSTAINABLE CEMENT
PRODUCTION...
IInndduussttrriiaall EEccoossyysstteemm
CClleeaanneerr PPrroodduuccttiioonn
EEnnvv.. MMaannaaggeemmeenntt
HHeeaalltthh MMaannaaggeemmeenntt
SSaaffeettyy MMaannaaggeemmeenntt
CCoonnsseerrvvaattiioonn ooff EEnneerrggyy
CCoonnsseerrvvaattiioonn ooff WWaatteerr
WWaassttee MMaannaaggeemmeenntt
EEfffflluueenntt TTrreeaattmmeenntt
SSoolliidd WWaassttee DDiissppoossaall
Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
No MMaannaaggeemmeenntt ((BBuussiinneessss aass UUssuuaall))

Srivastava
January 25-29,
2010
CONCLUDING REMARK
If construction is considered as the mother
of "Development", the cement industry is
the grandmother.
Being the grandmother, she has an
obligation not only to preach, but practice
the concept of ‘SHE' and that too
effectively, economically and elegantly.

Cement industries EHS consideration

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