This document discusses low carbon green buildings and provides examples from Malaysia. It begins by explaining the relationship between climate change, greenhouse gases, and green technology/living as a solution. Green technology is defined as minimizing environmental degradation while having low or zero greenhouse gas emissions. Key aspects of green buildings discussed include energy efficiency, water management, materials used, and more. The Low Energy Office (LEO) building in Malaysia is provided as an example, highlighting its solar panels, rainwater harvesting, and energy-efficient lighting and equipment that have reduced its energy consumption to below the national guideline. Continuous improvement of government buildings in Malaysia to reduce their carbon footprint and energy usage is also noted.

1. LOW CARBON GREEN BUILDING
The Low Energy Office (LEO) & Green Energy Office
(GEO) Building Experience
Steve Anthony Lojuntin
Principal Energy Engineer
Energy, Manufacturing, Green Building/Township & Green ICT Division (EMBIT)
Malaysian Green Technology Corporation
Tel / SMS :+6019-2829102 Email: asetip@damansara.net
GEO Building
LEO Building

3. RELATION BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE,
GHG AND GREEN TECHNOLOGY
PROBLEM! SOLUTION!
CLIMATE CHANGE GREEN
IS THE PROBLEM TECHNOLOGY AND
[MAINLY CAUSED GREEN LIVING IS
BY GREEN HOUSE THE SOLUTION
GASES (GHG)]
GHG : Carbon dioxide, Methane, NOx, SOx, CFC, etc

4. Green Technology?
Green technology is the development and application of products,
equipment, and systems used to conserve the natural environment and
resources, which minimises and reduces the negative impact of human
activities
Minimises the degradation of the environment.
It has zero or low green house (GHG) emission.
It safe for use and promotes healthy and improved
environment for all forms of life
It conserves the uses of energy and natural
resources; and
It promotes the use of renewable resources.

5. Brief about Green Building
What are Green or Sustainable buildings ?
• Save energy and resources, recycle materials
and minimise the emission of toxic substances
throughout its life cycle,
• Harmonise with the local climate, traditions,
culture and the surrounding environment, and
• Able to sustain and improve the quality of human
life whilst maintaining the capacity of the
ecosystem at local and global levels.
• Savings and increase workplace productivity.

6. Brief about Green Building
Green Technology Green Habits /
Involved Thinking
- Energy - Awareness / Responsibility
- Indoor Environment - Procurement
- Water Management - Operation & Maintenance
- Material used - Recycling
- Site construction
-
Green / Sustainable / Low
Carbon Buildings

7. Common Green Building Criteria

8. General Green Building System
Alternative
under
Conventional Green Building System development
LOW
CARBON
BUILDING
PRIVATE INITIATIVE (Malaysia)
1. Energy
2. Water
3. Indoor
environme
nt
4. Waste
Gov.
Initiatives
-CASBuild for
BCIS (GreenTech
Malaysia –
consultancy projects)
- GreenPASS
(CIDB)

9. Good New to the Industry
Low Carbon Building
System

10. Carbon emission in a life cycle of a building
Pre - Normally addressed by
, D
li ne n / Design De esig
vel n &
most Green Building
ec litio ion
D o at op Tools
me
em ner
D ge
nt [Embodied CO2 footprint]
re
Building
Lifecycle
Use, Management &
Maintenance
[Higher CO2 footprint]
FACT! Most of the CO2e emission is during the operation phase !!
Only Low Carbon Building Assessment System address this issue !!!

11. Brief about
Low Carbon Building
What are the Low Carbon buildings ?
• Low Carbon Building is similar to the
conventional green building system which
promotes uses of green technology and green
habits to reduce the degradation of the
environment.
• Use Carbon as metric for references to achieve
the actual environment impact and not based on
points collected.
• Use UNEP SBCI Common
Carbon Metric.

12. Brief about
Low Carbon Building
What are the Low Carbon buildings ?
• Straight forward, transparent, easy to
implement, consistance, easy to monitor since
based on actual performance. Measurable,
recordable, comparable, justifiable, can be
monitor and easy to proof.
• Cheaper and affordable since it is straight
forward and focus only the relevant criteria that
have high impact (lower $$$/CO2 reduction cost).
• Global trend - Relevant and gain popularity at
international level.

13. Why Low Carbon
Building System is Affordable ?
Cheaper way
The longer the way = $$$$$

14. Carbon Exist in Most of
the Green Building Criteria

15. WHERE DOES THE CARBON COME FROM?

16. Chances to reduce carbon emission
Building sector has the higher
chances to reduce carbon
emission in a township
Sumber: Laporan IPCC

17. WHY LOW CARBON GREEN
BUILDING IS SUPERIOR?
Easy to evaluate the actual performance through
its life cycle.
Straight forward and transparent of accounting
emissions through carbon footprint.
Has potential for carbon trading purposes (if
applicable).
Complement to the existing conventional GB
system by helping to narrow the gap and
maturing the green building industry.
Supporting government efforts for reaching
national climate reduction target for 2020
Provide flexibility for designers to achieve the
design target.
Economical and affordable by all stakeholders

18. Green Technology / application in
Buildings to reduce carbon foot print
-The green technology in building is mostly refer to the technology
and applications that has impact to the Energy and Environment
related to building services
a) Design : Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy &
Water Management.
b) Office appliances
c) Operation: Energy management in the O&M.
d) Renovation / retrofits
e) Other - Paper and water recycling
- Indoor air quality.
- Solid waste management / separation
f) End users awareness

19. Relation between use of energy and the
environment
0.684 kg of CO2 emitted to the
atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity
generated by power plant (Peninsula
Malaysia)
Kawasan 2007
Semenanjung Malaysia 0.684 kg CO2 / kwj
Sarawak 0.873 kg CO2 / kwj
Kawasan Barat Sabah 0.807 kg CO2 / kwj
Kawasan Timur Sabah 0.709 kg CO2 / kwj
Sumber: Laporan Penanda Aras Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Malaysia
2007 oleh Pusat Tenaga Malaysia.

20. Examples of EE, RE & Green
Building in Government Building

21. Continuous Improvement project of Energy
Efficient / Low Carbon buildings in Malaysia
Energy Indices ( kWh/m2year)
300
Typical Consumption
250
200 – 300 kWh/m2year
200
EE in Building Guideline (1989), reference for MS1525
150
136
100
50 Energy
Consumption
0 Green Energy
(PV)
Normal LEO EC GEO
Buildings Building Building Building
Solar Electric
Benchmark year: 2001 generation
2006 ( 2015)
MS 1525:2007 – Code of Practise Use of EE & RE for Non-residential buildings

22. Understand the factors affecting the energy
consumption in buildings that contribute main
carbon emission

23. KeTTHA’s Low Energy Office (LEO) Building
: ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS

24. LEO : SUSTAINABLE ELEMENTS
• Solar PhotoVoltaic – Building grid connected
• Rain water harvest system

25. Energy Saving Features in LEO Building
ENERGY-10 Optimisation
EE in Building Guideline Target
Reference Case 275
Daylight use 247
Insulation in walls and roof 239
EE Lighting 22 - 16
223
Equipment 27 - 20 195
EE Light 16 - 8 173
EE Equipment 20 - 7.5 123
"Energy Manage ment”
112
Room Temp 23 - 24 degrees
102
Especially Tight Building 100
0 100 1000 200 300
Energy Index kWh/m2 ye ar

26. Monitoring & Performance
Mo nth ly En erg y Ind ex fo r Energy Index kW h /m2/year]
Building L EO Bu ild in g [
160
(Based on Energy Bills)
160
149
149
Average
140 Current
140 Target
128
128
128
114
124
124
123
124
122
122
122
122
122
121
124
120
120
124
120
119
122 118 123
118
118
120 122 121 122
117
116
116
116
116
115
120
115
114
Energy Index [kWh/m2/year]
118
113
113
115 117
112
113
116 116
111
120
120
110
111
110
113 114
109
109
108
108
108
112 1 12
107
1 11 111
106
106
106
105
109 109 108 110
103
107 108 108
102
106 106 106
100
105
100
100
103 102
99
100 100
97
97
99
[kWh/m2/yr]
100
95
97 97
94
100 95 94
94
94
93
93
92
94
92
92
91
90
91
92 92 90
90
90
90
90
89
90
89
89
89
90 88 90 87
88
88
88
89 90
87
87
87
8 9 88
87
87
87 8 8 8 7
86
85
83
82
81
83 83
80
80
81
80
80
82
79
79
79
8 0 8 1 7 9 80 78
78
78
79 80 77 7 8 8 0 8 1 79
78
77
77
76
80 78 77
74
76
73
80 73 74
64
64
64
60
60
38
38
4036
35
35
36
36
33
33
34
32
38 38
31
32
32
31
31
32
31
30
30
30
30
30
29
30
29
29
30
30
40 35
29
29
35 33
28
27
28
28
33
27
27
3 1 30 32
26
26
26
26
32
25
26
25
25
30 3 1 3 2 29
25
24
31 30
24
24
24
29 28 27 29 30
23
29 29 27 27 29
20
26 2 5 2 6 25 26 26
18
24 24
16
23
20
20 16
20 18
-
-
0
0
Design
Oct 04
Nov 04
Dec 04
Jan 05
Feb 05
Mac 05
April 05
May 05
June 05
July 05
Aug 05
Sept 05
Oct 05
Nov 05
Dec 05
Jan 06
Feb 06
Mac 06
April 06
May 06
June 06
July 06
Aug 06
Sept 06
Oct 06
Nov 06
Dec 06
Jan 07
Feb 07
Mac 07
April 07
May 07
June 07
July 07
Aug 07
Sept 07
Oct 07
AVERAGE
AVERAGE
Chilled Water-Cooling Index [kWh/m2/yr] Electrical Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr] Bui lding Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr]
Cooling Energy C ons um ption [kW h] Elec trical Energy C ons um ption [kW h] Building Energy Index [k W h/m 2/yr] Month

27. COMPARISON OF BUILDING ENERGY INDEX FOR
PARCEL B WITH LEO BUILDING (E4/5)
Average Building Energy Index (BEI) in Parcel B
[kWh/m2/yr]
400 378
349
350 321 322
315
296
300 268 278 273
253
250 236 233
[kWh/m2/yr]
215
196 198
200
167
150 123114
100
50
-
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 E4/5
AVERAGE (3276 hrs/yr) AVERAGE (Normalised to 2646hrs/yr) Blocks

28. GreenTech Malaysia’s Green Energy
Office (GEO) Building
: DESIGN ELEMENTS
- Daylighting (almost 100%)
- EE lighting + task lights
- EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers)
- Green IT Network & server room (75% wireless network)
- EE air conditioning & ventilation
- Floor slab cooling (For radiant cooling and thermal storage)
- PCM storage cooling system (minimised air-cond chillers capacity)
- Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring)
- Double glazing (heat and sound insulation)
- Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain)
- Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries)
- Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)