1. PES/ENG/VIII/056
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A PUNJAB SOCIETY PRODUCTION
CLASS : VIII
SUBJECT : ENGLISH
TOPIC : PREPOSITIONS - USAGE
INTRODUCTION
ANCHOR
Well students today in our second lesson we are going to learn the correct usage
of our prepositions. But before we begin our new lesson lets first revise our
previous lesson.
SUPER
Read this poem carefully and pay attention to the words in italics.
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
Up very early we go
To the school each day
Along with Miss Tina.
With two cups of milk.
Toward the classroom we walk
Down the halls children gather
In the room we prepare our lessons
Around the room students are seated
In front of the room we teach lessons
About prepositional phrases
Along with adjective and adverb phrases
Between periods we prep
Despite our lack of sleep
Outside, I want to run away
But on we go again!
ANCHOR
So students can you recall that words in italics are prepositions.
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SUPER
What are prepositions?
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
MM
(show a picture of a clown holding a balloon in his hand and text will be heard
and will flash on screen )
I am a word which shows relationship between noun , pronoun and other words
in a sentence.
SUPER
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
VO with Text on Screen
• Students will be able to state the definition of a preposition and object of a
preposition.
• Students will be able to recognize prepositions and their objects.
• Students will be able to distinguish prepositions of time and place from each
other and from other prepositions
• Students will be able to use prepositions in sentences.
EXPLANATION
So students let’s begin our new class.
We are going to do one activity. Listen to this conversation between a mother
and a daughter.
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
MOTHER : Ria today we will have some guests at our house for dinner. So we
need to set our table.so you do the work as I instruct you.
DAUGHTER : Yes , mom
MOTHER :. 1. put the table mat
2. place the flower vase on the table.
3. Put flowers in the vase.
4. Now place the glasses on the table.
5. Now pour water into all the glasses.
6. Place plates , spoons and bowls on the table.
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DAUGHTER : Mom bell has rung. There is someone at the door. I will see.
MOTHER : OK.
ANCHOR
Basically preposition is nothing but the positioning of the object i.e. how certain
object functions in its action as in the following examples.
MM (show a puppy doing activity talked about in three different examples.)
1. The puppy is on the floor.
2. The puppy is in the dustbin.
3. The puppy is near the phone.
So on, in, near are prepositions
ANCHOR
Now we are going to read few more dialogues to understand how prepositions
are used?
SUPER
Conversation for asking the way.
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
A : Excuse me sir , could you tell me the way to the nearest telephone
booth?
B : its further down this road.
A : how far is it?
B : it’s not very far. Go straight , turn left at the crossing and you will find it
on the right hand side
A : thank you very much.
SUPER
Conversation for asking the way to a bank
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
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A : Excuse me sir.
B : what can I do for you?
A : can you please tell me the way to the National Bank?
B : which branch do you want to go?
A : I want to go to the south extension branch.
B : you go straight on this road. Turn right at the main crossing, keep going
straight for about a kilometer , you will find the bank on the left hand side.
A : Thank you , sir
B : You’re welcome.
ANCHOR
So students this way we can use our prepositions. If you notice any conversation
or set of sentences then you will automatically understand usage of prepositions
is not very difficult.
Now let’s see few sentences.
SUPER
Activities of a dog
MM
( Show one dog doing following activities and these pictures should flash on
screen with the sentences.)
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
A dog is sitting on the table.
A dog is sitting under the table.
A dog is playing in the house.
A dog is jumping over the ball.
A dog is entering into the house.
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A bird is flying above a dog.
ANCHOR
So students to increase our understanding let’s read this paragraph.
SUPER
A Strange Noise in the Night...
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
It was late (at / in) night when I heard the noise. I got (out of / outside) bed and
decided to investigate. First, I went (into / in) the living room and kitchen.
Everything seemed to be OK in those rooms. Then I heard the noise (again /
over). It was coming from (out / outside), so I put (on / off) my jacket, opened the
door and went (into / out of) the backyard. Unfortunately, I had forgotten to (pick
up / in) a flashlight on my way (inside / out) the door. It was a dark night and
there was a light rain falling. I couldn't see much, so I kept stepping (into / onto)
things in the yard. The sound continued to repeat and was coming (over / from)
the area (on / in) the other side (to / of) the house. I slowly walked (through /
around) the house to see what was making the noise. There was a small table
(in / on) the porch which was (next / near) to the wall. (On / To) top of this table
was a bowl with some rocks (into / inside). A small mouse was trying to get (out /
above) and was moving the rocks (around / through) the bowl making the noise.
It was very strange, but now I could go back (in / to) sleep!
ANCHOR
All the words in italics are suitable prepositions.
Now we will see few more sentences.
SUPER
Prepositions of Spatial Relationship
MM :( With each example show a picture describing the activity done in a
sentence.)
Above
Write your name above the line.
Across
Draw a line across the page.
Against
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She leans against the tree.
Ahead of
The girl is ahead of the boy.
Along
There is lace along the edge of the cloth.
Among
He is among the trees.
Around
Draw a circle around the answer.
Behind
The boy is behind the girl.
Below
Write your name below the line.
Beneath
He sat beneath the tree.
Beside
The girl is standing beside the boy.
Between
She is between two trees.
From
He came from the house.
In front of
The girl is in front of the boy.
Inside
He is inside the house.
Near
There is a tree near the house.
Off
His hat is off.
Out of
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He came out of the house.
Through
She went through the door.
Toward
She is walking toward the house
Under
He is hiding under the table
Within
Please mark only within the circle.
ANCHOR
Now students we will read a poem to give some poetic touch to our learning
process.
SUPER
GOD’S LOVE
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
Near the water's edge I like to splash and swim
Up above the clouds so high, I love to dance and sing
In the flower beds, I love to play with the butterflies and bees
Above the clouds I watch two cubs eating dinner-wait there are three!
Past the barn two kittens play
Below I can see that it is raining
After the rain has past, I see a rainbow in the sky
Through the rainbow I see ponies prancing gracefully
Up to another rainbow I fly - I think this one is for me
Inside I see all of God's love just for me!
ANCHOR
The following underlined words are prepositions.
ANCHOR
There are few exceptions let’s read them.
SUPER
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Prepositions: Exceptions:
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
A: Some expressions are used without a/the, here are some common examples:
at school in bed
at home in business
at school in hospital
at school in prison
at work
at university
at 37 k.p.h.
B: Both on and in can be used for types of transport and parts of the body:
On is used when the part of the body/type of transport is the most important
detail.
In is used when position is the most important piece of information.
e.g. Mohit travelled to Delhi on the train. - type
Mohit sat in the last carriage of the Delhi train. - position
Mohit has a cut on his left arm. - part of the body
Anu has broken a bone in her wrist. - position in the body
C: At and in can be used with places which can contain large numbers of
people: cinema, theatre, church, stadium etc..
At is used when the activity is the most important piece of information.
In is used when the place/position is the most important detail.
e.g. I will meet you for a meal at the usual restaurant.
Ria and Manish met in the lobby of The Taj Palace.
D: Both at and to can be used with places:
At is used when there is no active movement in the phrase/sentence.
To is used when there is movement in the phrase/sentence
MM; (Show a school with 40 people in it and another picture with a boy cycling
to Delhi)
e.g. At school, there are forty teachers and four hundred pupils. - no movement
Mohit is cycling to Cannaught Place to visit his friends. - movement
E: Both at and to can follow certain verbs: the meaning of the verb is different in
each case: to throw, run, shout.
F: We use in with the names of streets and at when we give the house number.
He lives in Karol Bagh
He lives at 45 . Karol Bagh
(MM Show two different house board with both address.)
G: Till is used of time and to is used of place;
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He slept till eight o’ clock.
He walked to the end of the street.
H: With often denotes instrument and by the agent:
MM; (how a man killing a bird and another stabbing )
He killed two birds with one shot.
He was stabbed by a lunatic with a dagger.
I: IN = period of time and within = before the end of;
I shall return in an hour.
I shall return within an hour.
J: Beside = at or by the side and besides = in addition to
Beside the ungathered rice he lay
Besides cricket , I love to play football too.
K: We use by = means of transport and on = for a specific transport.
MM: (Show a man traveling by a train and second picture with a man pointing out
his bike.)
We traveled by train.
He goes to office on foot.
Suresh went there on my bike.
ANCHOR
SUMMARY
Now I hope now you have become familiar with usage of prepositions. We have
learned what are prepositions? They can be broadly classified as preposition of
time, place, direction. There usage depends on its physical location.
ANCHOR
Now we are going to do certain exercises to see how much have we understood.
SUPER
EXERCISE 1
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
1. I bought a new dress ___ the store.
2. I found my car keys ___ my pocket.
3. My friends are waiting ___ me ___ the mall.
4. I saw the horse jump ___ the fence.
5. Chetna lives ___ her parents ___ a small house.
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6. We took a taxi ___ the airport.
7. I put some clean towels ___ the bathroom.
8. Lokesh rides the bus ___ school every day.
9. Saurabh is talking ___ his girlfriend ___ the phone.
10. We went ___ Mumbai ___ vacation.
11. I like to watch TV ___ late ___ night.
12. We moved the bookcase ___ the bedroom ___ the den.
SUPER
EXERCISE 2
VOICE WITH TEXT OVER
Problems with Prepositions Quiz
1. Choose the correct sentence.
A) Our ship leaves August 15.
B) Our ship leaves on August 15.
2. Choose the correct sentence.
A) I could have danced all night.
B) I could of danced all night.
3. Choose the correct sentence.
A) Where did you get this from?
B) Where did you get this?
4. Choose the correct sentence.
A) If we split it evenly between the three of us, no one will be unhappy.
B) If we split it evenly among the three of us, no one will be unhappy.
5. Choose the correct sentence.
A) The lioness ate as if she hadn't eaten food in a week.
B) The lioness ate like she hadn't eaten food in a week.
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6. Choose the correct sentence.
A) He will be back the tenth.
B) He will be back on the tenth.
7. Choose the correct sentence.
A) Take your plate off of the table.
B) Take your plate off the table.
8. Choose the correct sentence.
A) Cut the pie into six slices.
B) Cut the pie up into six slices.
9. Choose the correct sentence.
A) As the invitation stated, we'll see you the tenth for our reunion.
B) Like the invitation stated, we'll see you on the tenth for our reunion.
C) As the invitation stated, we'll see you on the tenth for our reunion.
D) Like the invitation stated, we'll see you the tenth for our reunion.
10. Choose the correct sentence.
A) I don't know what you are talking about.
B) I don't know of what you are talking about.
11. Choose the correct sentence.
A) You could of told me about the mistake earlier.
B) You could have told me about the mistake earlier.
12. Choose the correct sentence.
A) I don't know where he is or I would tell you.
B) I don't know where he is at or I would tell you.
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END OF EPISODE
This script has been reviewed by-___________________
Date-____________________
Word Count - 2381
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