1. LOCAL CONTROL OF BLOOD VESSELS Sitjar, daisy lhen L.

3. NERVOUS CONTROL OF BLOOD VESSELS Nervous control of blood vessels is carried out primarily through the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. VASOMOTOR CENTER transmits a low frequency of action potentials to the sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers. VASOMOTOR TONE an increase in vasomotor tone causes blood vessels to constrict further and blood pressure increase. An decrease in vasomotor tone causes control of blood vessel diameter is an important way blood pressure is regulated.

6. THE BARORECEPTOR REFLEX CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE 1. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch monitor blood pressure 2. Action potentials are conducted by the sensory nerves to the cardio regulatory and vasomotor centers in the medulla oblongata . 3. Increased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart decreases the heart rate. 4. Increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart increased the heart rate and stroke volume 5. Increased sympathetic stimulation of blood vessels increases vasoconstrictor.

9. 1. Chemoreceptor's in the carotid and aortic bodies monitor blood O2, CO2 and pH. 2. Chemoreceptor’s in the medulla oblongata monitor blood C02 and pH. 3. Decreased blood 02, increased CO2 and decreased pH decrease parasympathetic stimulation of the heart, which increases the heart rate. 4. Decreased blood O2, increased CO2, and decreased pH increase sympathetic stimulation of the heart, which increases the heart rate and stroke volume. 5. Decreased blood O2, increased CO2, and decreased pH increase sympathetic stimulation of blood vessels, which increase vasoconstriction . Chemoreceptor reflex control of blood pressure

11. HORMONAL REGULATION: THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE MECHANISM