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1. RepeatRepeat
breedingbreeding
Dr. Babasaheb Nagurao Kumbhar
M.V.Sc (Veterinary Public Health)
bobbyvph11@gmail.com

2. Repeat breedingRepeat breeding
Female showFemale show NORMAL HEATNORMAL HEAT
symptoms but not conceived insymptoms but not conceived in
more than 2 to 3 servicemore than 2 to 3 service

3. Mainly seen in cross breed cows

4. Responsible FactorsResponsible Factors
– Congenital and acquired factorsCongenital and acquired factors
– Early embryonic deathEarly embryonic death
– Technological factorsTechnological factors
– Nutritional /managemental factorsNutritional /managemental factors
1.1. Female factorsFemale factors
2.2. Male factorsMale factors

5. Congenital factorsCongenital factors
• Underdeveloped genitaliaUnderdeveloped genitalia
• Aplasia of genitalia / Segmented oviductAplasia of genitalia / Segmented oviduct
• Congenital defect in ovaryCongenital defect in ovary
• Defect of oviductDefect of oviduct
• Defect in cervix :- Kinked cervixDefect in cervix :- Kinked cervix
Rx Inj.EpidosinRx Inj.Epidosin
Small ovarySmall ovary
Low receptor for GnRHLow receptor for GnRH
Low cyclic activity ofLow cyclic activity of
ovary…….silent heatovary…….silent heat

6. Aplasia of genitaliaAplasia of genitalia
Ovary developedOvary developed
Ovulation occurOvulation occur
But ovum not reach to site of fertilisationBut ovum not reach to site of fertilisation
No fertilizationNo fertilization

7.  E n d o c rin e fa c to r
F e m a le f a c t o r s
Other factors
Impaired function
of
•Hypothalamus
•Pituitary
•Ovarian activity
• Persistent CL
• Follicular/
• Leuteal Cyst
• Anvolutory heat
• Delayed ovulation
• Failure of nidation of
embryo
• Failure collection of
ova by fimbria

8. Normal endocrine functionNormal endocrine function
GnRH (hypothalamus)GnRH (hypothalamus)
Stimulate pituitaryStimulate pituitary
Release FSHRelease FSH

9. Act on ovarian receptorAct on ovarian receptor
Development of follicleDevelopment of follicle
G.FG.F
signal to pituitarysignal to pituitary
Normalendocrinefunction
Normalendocrinefunction

10. Release LHRelease LH
LH surgeLH surge
OvulationOvulation
Normalendocrinefunction
Normalendocrinefunction

11. AI/NS
fertilization
Zygote/embryo
No AI/NS
Formation CL
pregnancy
CL
progesterone
secretion
prostaglandin
secretion
Leuteolytic activity
CL Regress
signal to pituitary
estrus
ReleaseRelease
ova/ovumova/ovum
ovulation

12. TreatmentTreatment
• Inj.GnRHInj.GnRH
e.g inj.Gynyarich / Receptale.g inj.Gynyarich / Receptal
• Inj.ProstaglandinInj.Prostaglandin
e.g Inj.Vetmate/Pragmae.g Inj.Vetmate/Pragma
• Inj.Progesterone for pregnancyInj.Progesterone for pregnancy
e.g P-depot / duraprogene.g P-depot / duraprogen
• lugol’s iodine painting on cervixlugol’s iodine painting on cervix
• Rx of genital tract diseaseRx of genital tract disease

13. Male factorsMale factors
DiseaseDisease
1.1. TrichomoniasisTrichomoniasis
2.2. VibriosisVibriosis
3.3. BrucellosisBrucellosis
Testicular diseaseTesticular disease
•Testicular degeneration/hypoplasiaTesticular degeneration/hypoplasia
•Cryptorchidism /neoplasmCryptorchidism /neoplasm
•OrchitisOrchitis
Semen qualitiesSemen qualities
•Low sperm concentrationLow sperm concentration
•More dead sperm /More dead sperm /
•Abnormal spermAbnormal sperm
•Obtained from older bullObtained from older bull

14. TreatmentTreatment
• Collection of semen fromCollection of semen from healthy bullhealthy bull
• Rx of venereal diseaseRx of venereal disease
• Hygienic collection of semenHygienic collection of semen
• Regular check of strawRegular check of straw

15. Technological factorsTechnological factors
• AI techniqueAI technique
• Improper thawing,Improper thawing,
• Improper handling of strawImproper handling of straw
• AI in early pregnant showingAI in early pregnant showing
gestational estrusgestational estrus
• Hormonal treatmentHormonal treatment
• Vigorous handling of genitalia in PDVigorous handling of genitalia in PD

16. TreatmentTreatment
• Proper management and handling semenProper management and handling semen
• AI with skilled personAI with skilled person
• Avoid vigorous handling of genitaliaAvoid vigorous handling of genitalia
• Proper detection of heatProper detection of heat
• ProperProper time, site, dosetime, site, dose of semenof semen
• Avoid unwanted hormonal RxAvoid unwanted hormonal Rx

17. Nutritional factorsNutritional factors
Under nutrition
•Vit-A ,D,E deficiency
•Mineral deficiency –P

18. TreatmentTreatment
• Inj.Vit-aInj.Vit-a
• Inj.Tonophosphone /T-phos /any or ‘P’Inj.Tonophosphone /T-phos /any or ‘P’
preparationpreparation
• Mineral mix orallyMineral mix orally

19. Managemental factorsManagemental factors
• Heat stress in female and maleHeat stress in female and male
• More herd sizeMore herd size

20. Heat stressHeat stress
Female
Duration of O.C. shorten
Intensity of heat sign reduced
No prominent heat sign
Owner unable to give proper history
Unable to fellow AM / PM rule
Male
More temperature
Affect
thermoregulatory
system of testis
Low quality of
semen

21. THANK………THANK………