Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach

Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach Ph.D. Preliminary Dissertation Proposal Jie Bao Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory Computer Science Department Iowa State University Ames, IA USA 50011 Email: baojie@cs.iastate.edu July 26, 2006

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Motivation - Sub Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Why Ontology ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Description Logics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language concept role individual axioms terms Terminology or TBox Assertions or ABox (facts)

DL Constructors and Axioms Ian Horrocks (2005) : Ontology Reasoning: the Why and the How (talk) Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language ALC

Modular Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Modular Ontology: Example Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language Swine Cattle Chicken Horse Each group works on an ontology module for a particular species (according to the group’s best expertise) Collaborative building of an animal trait ontology that involves multiple research groups across the world

Local vs Global Semantics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Partial vs All-or-Nothing Reuse ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] General Pet Wild Livestock Animal Ontology (Centralized) MyPet General Pet Wild Livestock MyPet Animal Ontology (Package-extended) Semantic importing Knowledge incorporated in MyPet ontology Knowledge not presented in MyPet ontology Legend :

Organizational vs Semantic Structure Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Animal is a part of ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Knowledge Hiding vs Sharing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Locally visible : Has date Globally visible : Has activity A schedule ontology

Ontology Languages Today XML HTML RDFS SHOE OIL DAML-ONT OWL RDF Revision Extend vocabularies Combine vocabularies Extend HTML tags for semantic description Define vocabularies SGML 1992 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 DAML (DAML+OIL) Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Ontology Languages Today (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Modular Ontology Languages Today OWL 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 C-OWL CTXWL E-Connections Our approach DDL based P-OWL (Planning) (E-connection can also work other logics e.g. modal logic) P-DL Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Modular Ontology Languages Today (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language ,[object Object],[object Object],PetOwner Pet owns ,[object Object],[object Object],Pet Animal Dog (onto) (into)

Expressivity Comparison [ASWC2006 Paper] a.k.a. [4] Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Inference Difficulties ,[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language Pet Animal Cat Does not mean Animal Cat (Transitive reusability) Flying Penguin ~Flying Penguin is still satisfiable (has instance) (inter-module unsatisfiability) ,[object Object],Pet Animal X Not expressible [ASWC2006 Paper] a.k.a. [4]

Ontology Languages Needed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ontology Why Modular Considerations Ontology Language Modular Ontology Language

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

P-DL P 3 protected 1. Whole ontology consists of a set of packages 2. Packages are organized in hierarchies 3. Terms and axioms are defined in packages with scope limitations P 1 P 2 public private P 1 P 2 public private [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1]

Package ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] General Pet Wild Livestock Animal ontology PetDog Pet Dog General

Package: Example [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation O 1 (General Animal) O 2 (Pet) It uses ALCP, but not ALCP C

Nested Package ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation General Pet Dog Animal ontology

Scope Limitation Modifier ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation P 3 P 1 P 2 public private P 1 P 2 public private

SLM: example A schedule ontology Hidden: details of the activity Visible: there is an activity [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation

Semantics of DL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing Syntax Semantics Man Human In any world (also called an interpretation ), anybody who is a Man is also a Human {  x|Man(x)}  {  x|Human(x)}

DL Interpretation - Example DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing Interpretation : In any world (or called model) that conforms to the ontology Ontology: Dog I Animal I ,[object Object],goofy I ,[object Object],eats I ,[object Object],DogFood I

Local Interpretations Animal I Carnivore I Dog I goofy I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I pluto I eats I 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2 O 1 O 2 DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] A modular ontology may have multiple (local) interpretation for each of the package

Global Interpretations DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Animal I Carnivore I Dog I I PetDog I goofy I Pet I eats I g g g g g g g foo I g DogFood I g ,[object Object],[object Object],Animal I Carnivore I Dog I goofy I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I pluto I eats I 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2

Semantics of Importing DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing [CS-TR-408] a.k.a [3] O 1 O 2 importing Animal I Carnivore I Dog I goofy I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I pluto I eats I 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2 domain relation

Semantics of Importing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing [CS-TR-408] a.k.a [3] x x’ Δ I 1 Δ I 2 C I 1 C I 2 r 12 Δ I 3 r 13 r 23 x’’ C I 3

Partially Overlapped Model x x’ Δ I 1 Δ I 2 C I 1 C I 2 Δ I 3 r 13 r 23 x’’ C I 3 x C I DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing Global interpretation obtained from local Interpretations by merging shared individuals [CS-TR-408] a.k.a [3] r 12

P-DL Semantics Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing

Reasoning by Model Construction Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning Model x Man I Human I ,[object Object],Reasoning ,[object Object],To query Man Human ,[object Object]

Tableau Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning

Tableau Algorithm: Example Dog(goofy) Animal(goofy) ( eats.DogFood)(goofy) eats(goofy,foo) DogFood(foo) goofy L(goofy)={Dog, Animal, eats.DogFood } foo L(foo)={DogFood } eats ABox Representation Completion Tree Representation Note: both representations are simplified for demostration purpose Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning

Reasoning for Modular Ontology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning

Distributed Reasoning Chef: Hello there, children! Where does Kyle move to? Chef: We are in South Park, Colorado; San Francisco is in California; Colorado is far from California. Stan: So they are far from us. Too Bad. Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning Stan: Hey, Chef . Is Kyle’s new home far from us? Cartman: San Francisco, I guess.

Federated Reasoning for P-DL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(1) (2) (3) (4) Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning

Distributed Tableaux x 1 {A 1 } {A 2 } {A 3 } x 2 x 4 x 1 {B 1 } {B 3 } {B 2 } x 3 x 4 The (conceptual) global tableau Local Reasoner for package A Local Reasoner for package B Shared individuals mean partially overlapped local models Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning [CRR06 Paper] a.k.a [6] x 1 {A 1 ,B 1 } {A 2 } {A 3 ,B 3 } {B 2 } x 2 x 3 x 4

Communication among Local Tableaux ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],y y {C?} y y {C} C(y) y y {…} y y {…} X Query if y is an instance of C Notify that y is an instance of C Notify that y has local inconsistency Notify that no more rule can be applied locally on y Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning [CRR06 Paper] a.k.a [6] T 1 T 2

Tableau Expansion Tableau Expansion for ALCP C with acyclic importing Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning [CRR06 Paper] a.k.a [6]

Tableau Expansion: Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],L 3 (x)={ A⊓  D ,  C⊔D A,  C,  D} More details see CRR 2006 paper and WI 2006 draft [5,6] Tableau Algorithm Federated Reasoning ALCP C Reasoning T 3 x r(x,  C ) x x r(x,A) T 2 T 1 L 2 (x)={  B⊔C  C ,  B} L 1 (x)={  A⊔B A ,  B , B } r(x,  B )  (x)  (x)  (x)

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Collaborative Ontology Building ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COB Editor WikiOnt INDUS [BIDM06 Paper] a.k.a [8]

The COB Editor Pig Package Cattle Package Chicken Package [BIDM06 Paper] a.k.a [8]

WikiOnt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COB Editor WikiOnt INDUS [EON04 Paper] a.k.a [7]

WikiOnt 2.0 (under development) COB Editor WikiOnt INDUS

Data Integration (INDUS) COB Editor WikiOnt INDUS O S D 1 D 2 D 3 M 1 M 2 M 3 View Real Data Source Mapping Data source ontologies User ontology [BIDM05 Paper] a.k.a [10]

INDUS: Query Translation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COB Editor WikiOnt INDUS [IJSWIS Draft] a.k.a [9]

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Progress Wiki@nt 2.0 Wiki@nt 1.0 INDUS COB-Editor Applications Concealable Reasoning (optional) Distributed Reasoning Reasoning P-OWL PPO Semantics of P-DL Basic Package-based Ontologies Language Specification Implementation/ Specification Design Conceptualization

Time line (past) 2003 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 2004 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 2005 2006 IKE04 Paper ASWC04 Paper CTS06 Paper CRR06 Paper COB Editor EON04 Paper INDUS Query Engine INDUS Editors Improved INDUS WI06 Paper My First Ontology Editor PDB Agent INDUS Mapping Reasoner WikiOnt 2.0 P-OWL Collabroative Ontology Building Distributed & Concealable Reasoning WikiOnt Reasoning with inconsistency BIDM 06 Paper

Schedule (Future) P-OWL and PPO Reasoner Implementation 2006 ASWC WikiOnt 2.0 Implementation Connect INDUS to reasoners 2006 ISWC Dissertation Writing 2006 WI Final Defense 2006 2007 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1 4/1

Main Contributions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Publications (on P-DL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://boole.cs.iastate.edu:9090/popeye/Wiki.jsp?page=Academic.Basic.CV.Publication

Other Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://boole.cs.iastate.edu:9090/popeye/Wiki.jsp?page=Academic.Basic.CV.Publication

References (Related Work) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dr. D. Caragea J. Pathak Dr. J. Zhang Dr. C. Yan D-K. Kang Dr. V. Honavar Y. Cao Dr. W. Tavanapong Dr. Z-L. Hu Dr. J. Reecy N. Koul P. Wong Dr. D. Dobbs Dr. G. Leavens Acknowledgements

Dr. D. Caragea J. Pathak Dr. J. Zhang Dr. C. Yan D-K. Kang Dr. V. Honavar Y. Cao Dr. W. Tavanapong Dr. Z-L. Hu Dr. J. Reecy N. Koul P. Wong Dr. D. Dobbs Dr. G. Leavens

Distributed Interpretations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],P 1 ,P 2 DL Semantics Local & Global Interpretations Semantics of Importing [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] A B C D 1 B C C P 2 B,C B C 3 B,C = x x’ B I 2 = C I 2 =P I 2 A I 1 = B I 1 ,C I 1 =D I 1 = x x’ B I 3 y A I 1 = B I 1 C I 1 = D I 1 y’ C I 3 P 1 ,P 3

Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (20)

Similaire à Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach

Similaire à Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach (20)

Plus de Jie Bao

Plus de Jie Bao (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

Modular Ontologies: Package-based Description Logics Approach

Notes de l'éditeur