Introduction to SDN and NFV

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Introduction to SDN and NFV

Copyright 2016 | The Networker | basimaly.wordpress.com
• Intro to SDN
• Cisco Products in SDN
• WAE Use case
• Intro to Overlays
• Intro to NFV
• Cisco Products in NFV
• SDN and NFV Relationship
• Automation/Orchestration
• Cisco Products in orchestration
Agenda

Intro to SDN

Describing what SDN Does

SDN Architecture

Typical Problem( 1 of 3)

Typical Problem (2 of 3)

Typical Problem (3 of 3)
Solution : Centralized
Controller

Separation between planes

SDN Use Case #1
Problem : Lack of Network
Omniscience
best path but
congested

SDN Use Case #1 Solution : Centralized
Controller

• Application installed over a server
• Might be virtual or physical box
• All your network devices register and communicate with it
• Manage the “Flow” of the packet
• That’s why we have an “OpenFlow” enabled devices
• Can control the traffic and enforce the flow to be changed
What’s SDN Controller

SDN Use Case #2
Problem High Aggregate Time to manage
each device Manually

SDN Use Case #2
Solution : Standard Interface multiple
devices (OpenFlow for example)

SDN Use Case #3
Vendor Lock-in, Because each device speaks
it’s own control language

SDN Use Case #3
Solution : Multi Lingual Standard Interface

SDN Summary

Cisco Products in SDN

Cisco Product in SDN (WAE)

Example of WAE Design

WAE Use Cases

Overlays

• Goal is the same: Eliminate scalability issues
• Put Ethernet(MAC) addresses inside layer 3 (UDP) frames
• Requires Jumbo Frame support to enabled end to end in the middle network
• Common Standard
• VXLAN
• NVGRE
• OTV
• DOVE
Overlays overview

• VXLAN=Virtual eXtensible LAN
• Multicast is used to send broadcast,multicast and unknown destination unicast packets
• unknown destination packets are not an issue as the master controller knows the location of
every VM (MAC address)
• Created by VMWare,Arista and Cisco
• Supported on OpenVswitch
VXLAN

VXLAN Provides tunnels between VSWITCH

• NVGRE=Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulation
• use GRE as a Standard routing protocol
• Primary user is Microsoft
• F5,Arista,Dell,HP use it
NVGRE

• OTV=Overlay Transport Virtualization
• Cisco Lock-In protocol
• Only supported on Nexus 7K
• Each switch maintains MAC address table for all machines in the network
• Multicast traffic only sent 1 time per site
OTV

• DOVE=Distributed Overlay Virtual Ethernet
• IBM Standard
• No Dependency on multicast
DOVE

• STT=Stateless Tunneling Transport
• Primarily used by Vmware(in NSX)
• The idea is to relax the CPU in VMs by not taking CPU cycles to do something that
network already do
STT

Cisco Products in Overlays

Introduction to NFV

Describing what NFV does

• Save power and space
Virtualization role
Rack and Stack

What NFV Does?

NFV
Management &
Orchestration
NFV-O
(NFV Orch.)
Virtual Infra
Manager
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
NSO
(NFV Orch.)
OpenStack /
vCenter (VIM)
On-Vi
Cisco NFV Architecture Mapped to ETSI NFV
VNF-M (VNF
Managers)
VNF-M (VNF
Manager)F
Managers)
ESC
(VNFM)
Vnfm-Vi
OSS / BSS
NFVI
Hardware Resources
Compute NetworkStorage
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
VNF VNFVNF
Os-Ma
Service, VNF &
Infrastructure Description
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Virtualization Layer
KVM / ESXi Virtual NetworkVirtual Storage
Vn-Nf
Se-Ma
Nfvo-Vnfm
KVM / ESXi
VTS/ODL
APIC
• Modular architecture that
conforms to ETSI NFV
framework
• Model driven design for
declarative NFV
orchestration
• Supports Cisco and 3rd party
VNF Managers
DC SDN Controllers
VNFs
• Deliver orchestration and
service activation
• Deliver PNF and VNF
configuration
NSO (NFV Orch.)
BSS/OSS: Service Fulfillment and Service Assurance

NFV Goal

Cisco Generic NFV Solution

NFV
Management &
Orchestration
NFV-O
(NFV Orch.)
Virtual Infra
Manager
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
NSO
(NFV Orch.)
OpenStack /
vCenter (VIM)
On-Vi
Cisco NFV Architecture Mapped to ETSI NFV
VNF-M (VNF
Managers)
VNF-M (VNF
Manager)F
Managers)
ESC
(VNFM)
Vnfm-Vi
OSS / BSS
NFVI
Hardware Resources
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
VNF VNFVNF
Os-Ma
Service, VNF &
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Vn-Nf
Se-Ma
Nfvo-Vnfm
KVM / ESXi
VTS/ODL
APIC
• Modular architecture that
conforms to ETSI NFV
framework
• Model driven design for
declarative NFV
orchestration
VNF Managers
DC SDN Controllers
VNFs
• Deliver orchestration and
service activation
• Deliver PNF and VNF
configuration
NSO (NFV Orch.)

Example Network Service Workflow
VNF Instantiation
ESC
ASR
NSO
VIM
e.g. openstack
1. Work order received at NSO
2. NSO maps service request into an
atomic transaction using reactive
fastmap – sends request to ESC
3. ESC requests VIM spins up necessary
VM’s
4. ESC waits for VMs to initialise then
performs day-0 config
5. ESC informs NSO that VMs are ready
6. NSO configures VMs
7. NSO configures ASR (in this case an
external physical device)
8. Service request success
PhysicalVirtual
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
34
5
7
8

Cisco Products in NFV

Cisco Service Cloud Router VNF (CSRK)

NFV
Management &
Orchestration
NFV-O
(NFV Orch.)
Virtual Infra
Manager
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
NSO
(NFV Orch.)
OpenStack /
vCenter (VIM)
On-Vi
Where CSR1K Located
VNF-M (VNF
Managers)
VNF-M (VNF
Manager)F
Managers)
ESC
(VNFM)
Vnfm-Vi
OSS / BSS
NFVI
Hardware Resources
EMS 1 EMS 3EMS 2
VNF VNFVNF
Os-Ma
Service, VNF &
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Vn-Nf
Se-Ma
Nfvo-Vnfm
KVM / ESXi
VTS/ODL
APIC
NSO (NFV Orch.)

Cloud Service Router (CSR 1000V)

CSR Supported Protocols

CSR On OpenStack
CSR 1000V can be
used in OpenStack
Neutron
Networking in
order to provide
RaaS, FWaaS and
VPNaas

Cisco XRV

Cisco Elastic Service Controller(ESC)

VNF-Manager (Elastic Service Controller)
automates every step in the VNF lifecycle
Scale
Heal
Upgrade
Phase
out
Deploy
Monitor

ESC VNF LifeCycle Management

SDN and NFV Relationship

SDN NFV
• Decouple control plane from data plane
• Make control plane programmable
• Decouple network elements from underlying
hardware
Let’s summarize

Relationship between SDN and NFV(1/2)

Relationship between SDN and NFV(2/2)

Automation/Orchestration

Automation Use Case #1
Problem: Consistency across devices

Solution : Pre-Check and Post check
configuration
Automation
Tool (NSO)

Problem: Difficulty undoing Change

Solution : Automating
Automation
Tool (NSO)

Cisco Products in Automation/Orchestration

Acquisition of tail-f
Accelerating Cisco’s Orchestration Strategy
Network
Engineer
Management
Applications
Network
Service
Orchestrator
• Industry-Leading, Real-Time Network Service
Orchestration (FASTMAP, Reactive FASTMAP)
• Multi-Vendor, Open Standards (NETCONF)
• Agile, Model-Driven Service Creation (YANG)
• Physical and/or Virtual Devices
• Forms the basis of NSO
• NSO 4.0 = tail-f NCS + additional capabilities (e.g.
‘Manofication’, Function Packs, Service designer
etc.)
NCS = Network Control System

• Orchestration Platform Architecture
• Any Service across
 Any network
 Any topology
 Any vendor
 Any device
Cisco NSO Overview

Where NSO Located

NSO Use Case

NSO Use Case Details(1 of 2)

NSO Use Case Details(2 of 2)

Supported Vendors
Production Grade PoC Grade

• Pluralsight Big picture of SDN
• Cisco Live
• Tailf forums
• Cisco Pre-Sales sessions
References

Introduction to SDN and NFV

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