http://www.openstack.org/blog/2013/02/trystack-2nd-meetup-2013/ http://cn.pycon.org/2013

1. TRYSTACK.CN
PyConChina CodeLab
How to master OpenStack
in 2 hours
TryStack.cn Meetup #ShangHai
8th November 2013(update)
@ben_duyujie
Duyuje.dyj@gmail.com
http://www.slideshare.net/ben_duyujie/how-to-master-openstack-in-2-hours

2. TRYSTACK.CN
Who am I?
: @ben_杜
玉杰
www.linkedin.com
/in/duyujie
Website: www.du
yu
http://about.me/Y jie.org
ujie.Du

3. TRYSTACK.CN
Agenda
How to set up your TryStack Lab
What's OpenStack?
Why we are here?
Devstack in 5 min
First contact with OpenStack
Write a template for Heat

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How many people have used OpenStack?
Put up your hands!

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Prepare for Labs
●
VM
− Vmware, VirtualBox, vagrant, KVM, …, any choice
− 2GB RAM or more
●
OS
− Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise), Fedora 17 and CentOS/RHEL 6.4
− OpenSUSE and Debian
− Minimal install recommended
●
Download trystack.box

6. TRYSTACK.CN
0.Tools
● VirtualBox 4.2.20
https://www.virtualbox.org
● Vagrant v1.3.4
http://downloads.vagrantup.com
RDO/Puppet/Chef
Box1/VM1
Box2/VM2
Vargant
● Centos64-x86_64-20131030
VirtualBox
http://www.vagrantbox.es/
Ubuntu/CentOS/MAC

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1.Install VirtualBox
For Host OS, Ubuntu 12.04:
$sudo echo deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian precise
contrib >> /etc/apt/sources.list
$ wget -q http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/oracle_vbox.
asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -”
$ apt-key finger | grep VirtualBox
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox-4.2
sudo dpkg -r virtualbox-4.2 && sudo reboot

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2.Install VirtualBox Extension Pack
$sudo apt-get install vim git expect
$sudo wget http://dlc.sun.com.edgesuite.net/virtualbox/4.2.20
/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.20-90983.vbox-extpack
$sudo VBoxManage extpack install
Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.20-90983.vbox-extpack

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3. Set up Vagrant
$ mkdir trystack
$ cd trystack
$ vagrant init
$ vim Vagrantfile
# -*- mode: ruby -*# vi: set ft=ruby :
VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"
Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
config.vm.box = "Trystack"
config.vm.box_url = "Centos64-x86_64-20131030"
config.vm.network :private_network, ip: " 172.16.0.2"
config.vm.synced_folder "../devstack", "/vagrant_data"
config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vbox|
vbox.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "2048"]
end
end

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4. PIP
Devstack will install EPEL and RDO repo for CentOS6.4, Set up pypi :
$mkdir $HOME/.pip
$vi $HOME/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
-------------------exit, reboot to update env.

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vagrant up
vagrant box add trystack Centos64-x86_64-20131030.box
vagrant up
vagrant ssh

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常用的vagrant命令
$ vagrant box add NAME URL
$ vagrant box list
#添加一个box
#查看本地已添加的box
$ vagrant box remove NAME virtualbox #删除本地已添加的box，如若是版本1.0.x，执行$ vagrant box remove NAME
$ vagrant init NAME
#初始化，实质应是创建Vagrantfile文件
$ vagrant up
#启动虚拟机
$ vagrant halt
#关闭虚拟机
$ vagrant destroy
#销毁虚拟机
$ vagrant reload
#重启虚拟机
$ vagrant package
#当前正在运行的VirtualBox虚拟环境打包成一个可重复使用的box
$ vagrant ssh
#进入虚拟环境
https://github.com/astaxie/Go-in-Action/blob/master/ebook/zh/01.0.md

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5. Install DevStack
Home pages: http://devstack.org
Three steps：
$ git clone https://github.com/openstack-dev/devstack.git
$ cd devstack
$ ./stack.sh
exercise.sh: setting up the env for running the sample exercise cmds
exercises/ folder: contains a small set of exercise file for achieving different
functionalities

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Files
localrc:
● localrc is a user-maintained settings file that is sourced from stackrc. This gives
it the ability to override any variables set in stackrc. Samples: http://devstack.
org/localrc.html
stackrc:
● git repo and branch information, image download location. This file shouldn't be
modified, only localrc should be modified.
stack.sh:
● stack.sh is an opinionated OpenStack developer installation. It installs and
configures various combinations of Glance, Horizon, Keystone, Nova, Neutron,
Swift and some other projects.

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Chang to Grizzly
●
可以在localrc文件中添加以下内容：
−
NOVA_BRANCH=stable/grizzly
−
CINDER_BRANCH=stable/grizzly
−
GLANCE_BRANCH=stable/grizzly
−
KEYSTONE_BRANCH=stable/grizzly
−
NEUTRON_BRANCH=stable/grizzly
−
HORIZON_BRANCH=stable/grizzly

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localrc
http://www.sebastien-han.fr/blog/2013/08/16/best-localrc-for-devstack/
$cd devstack
echo ADMIN_PASSWORD=trystack >> localrc
cho MYSQL_PASSWORD=trystack >> localrc
echo RABBIT_PASSWORD=trystack >> localrc
echo SERVICE_PASSWORD=trystack >> localrc
echo SERVICE_TOKEN=trystack >> localrc
HOST_IP=172.16.0.2
echo HOST_IP=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo SERVICE_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo MYSQL_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo RABBIT_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo Q_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo GLANCE_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo G_HOST=$HOST_IP >> localrc
echo GLANCE_HOSTPORT=$HOST_IP:9292 >> localrc
echo HOST_IP_IFACE=eth1 >> localrc
echo FLAT_INTERFACE=br100 >> localrc
echo PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth1 >> localrc
echo FLOATING_RANGE=172.16.0.224/27 >> localrc

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Continue
# Enables all the Heat services
echo ENABLED_SERVICES+=,heat,h-api,h-api-cfn,h-api-cw,h-eng >> localrc
## It would also be useful to automatically download and register VM images that Heat can launch.
# 64bit image (~660MB)
echo IMAGE_URLS+=",http://fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F17-x86_64-cfntools.qcow2" >> localrc
echo IMAGE_URLS+=",http://fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F18-x86_64-cfntools.qcow2" >> localrc
# 32bit image (~640MB)
echo IMAGE_URLS+=",http://fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F17-i386-cfntools.qcow2" >> localrc
echo IMAGE_URLS+=",http://fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F18-i386-cfntools.qcow2" >> localrc
source localrc
echo VORBOSE=True >> stackrc
echo LOGFILE=stacklog.txt >> stackrc
source stackrc

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Wait …
./stack.sh
# Devstack is now installed.
# If all is well, you will see the following output :
# Horizon is now available at http://IP_ADDRESS/
# Heat has replaced the default flavors. View by running: nova flavor-list
# Keystone is serving at http://IP_ADDRESS:5000/v2.0/
# Examples on using novaclient command line is in exercise.sh
# The default users are: admin and demo
# The password: trystack
# This is your host ip: IP_ADDRESS
# stack.sh completed in 1065 seconds.

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Users
默认Devstack创建 admin和demo两个用户，通过设置环境
变量可以进行切换：
admin: source openrc admin admin
demo: source openrc demo demo
代码目录：/opt/stack可以设置为开发工具工作目录
$ screen -x stack
参考：http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-screen/

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OpenStack
经验值 +10

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Let's begin to introduce Openstack
What's OpenStack?

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Linux Kernel Similarities
●
●
●
●
●
Open Source
Released early
OpenStack Foundation is very similar to the Linux Foundation
Replaced the proprietary incumbents
One could consider the abstractions quite similar too:

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Cloud Operating System

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Havana
如何做到的
OpenStack由一系列的子项目组成，形成一个完整的 IaaS解决方案，
？

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持续集成

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Development
Development done on always open trunk
Releases done to a stable branch
Standardized tools across all projects
− Git
− Gerrit
● Standalone patch review server
● Created by Google for Android development
− Jenkins
● Continuous integration
● Gates commits on unit tests

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Commit process
● git branch; git commit
− Commit hook inserts Change-Id: for gerrit tracking
● ./run_tests.sh [subset]
− Unit tests within a virtualenv
− Nose used to extend unittest
− Pep8 enforced https://github.com/jcrocholl/pep8
● git-review python tool used to submit to gerrit
− Developed for OpenStack but not specific to it

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Review Process
Gated trunk
− Reviewers
●
Anyone can ±1
●
Only project core members can approve
− Automated tests
●
Through Jenkins
●
Using OpenStack infrastructure itself
●
Sets up test systems and runs gerrit branch
●
− Libvirt, Xen, python 2.6, python 2.7, ...
If OK, merges gerrit branch to trunk
●
Ancillary jobs like doc builds, pylint reports, more tests, ...

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OpenStack 发布周期: 四个阶段
Design*
Development
QA
Release

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Release History
● 6 monthly, design summit after each, monthly milestones
● Austin Oct 2010
Nova + Swift
● Cactus Apr 2011
Glance
● Diablo Sep 2011
First “production ready” release
● Essex Apr 2012
Horizon + Keystone
● Folsom Sep 2012 Quantum + Cinder
● Grizzly Apr 2013
Neutron
● Havana Oct 2013 Heat +Ceilometer

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Openstack is the community
• Interact via:
– Mailing lists: general, development, documentation, operators …
– Ask Openstack (ask.openstack.org)
– Launchpad
■
Home to all openstack integrated projects
– IRC (#openstack-101, #openstack, #openstack-dev, …)
– Local User Groups (like today!)
– Summit & Conference (twice a year)

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See Openstack evolving, everyday
• http://status.openstack.org
– Release status
– Active Reviews
• https://github.com/openstack
– Grab the code

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Why we are here?

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OpenStack
Operational details of a large python project

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Python
technologies used
(Havana)

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Who develops OpenStack
$ cd /opt/stack/keystone
$ git log | grep Author |
17 99cloud.net
18 ca.ibm.com
18 canonical.com
19 metacloud.com
20 suse.cz
sed -n 's/.*<.*@(.*)>/1/p' |
33 linux.vnet.ibm.com
36 chmouel.com
36 hp.com
37 inaugust.com
46 openstack.org
sort | uniq -c | sort -n |
55 hcl.com
62 mac.com
91 us.ibm.com
171 yahoo.com
232 redhat.com
tail -n20 | column
276 anarkystic.com
306 highbridgellc.com
421 rackspace.com
727 gmail.com
1007 review.openstack.org

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Related python projects
●
OZ
−
Generate guest images from install ISOs
●
Optional customization
−
−
Install packages, run script, ...
List of OZ built images from RackSpace
●
https://github.com/rackerjoe/oz-image-build
−
ISO -> image -> glance -> nova -> libvirt -> KVM
−
http://aeolusproject.org/oz.html

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Related python projects
●
Heat API
−
AWS Cloudformation type service
−
V6 just released
−
Provisions apps in the cloud
−
And keeps them provisioned
●
−
Leverages cloud attributes to provide HA
https://github.com/heat-api

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Related python projects
●
cloud-init
−
Installed in guests to configure at boot time
−
Directives for package install etc.
−
Support for many distros
−
https://launchpad.net/cloud-init/

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Ryu Plugin for Neutron
Ryu is a component-based software defined networking framework. Ryu
provides software components with well defined API that make it easy for
developers to create new network management and control applications. Ryu
supports various protocols for managing network devices, such as OpenFlow,
Netconf, OF-config, etc. About OpenFlow, Ryu supports fully 1.0, 1.2, 1.3 and
Nicira Extensions.
Home Pages:http://osrg.github.io/ryu/

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Similar non python projects
● oVirt - java
− More aligned with private datacenters
● Eucalyptus - C
− Less general, Closed editions.
● CloudStack - java
− Started closed (cloud.com). Closed addons.
● OpenNebula - C++
− Again focusing on datacenters

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Trying it out
●
http://trystack.org/ Or http://cloud.trystack.cn
−
●
http://devstack.org/
−
●
Register to try out a test public OpenStack cloud
Script to setup simple/developer installs
fedoraproject.org/wiki/Getting_started_with_OpenStack
−
Basic setup instructions for machine or VM

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What's trystack.cn
●
Biggest OpenStack testbed in China
−
−
Opened OpenStack API
−
●
Non-profit project
Provide best practices for administrator, operators and developers.
Reference Architecture
−
−
OpenStack deployment architecutre
−
●
Hardware devices from different vendors
Using the newest OpenStack code
Contribute code to the community
−
−
●
Bug fixes
New features
Promote OpenStack implementation and productization in China With partners, vendors

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More info
● http://docs.openstack.org/
− The compute admin guide is a good overview
● http://ci.openstack.org/
− OpenStack Continuous Integration info
● http://review.openstack.org/
− OpenStack gerrit interface
● http://jenkins.openstack.org/
− OpenStack Continuous Integration interface

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OpenStack
经验值 +15

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Are you ready?

50. TRYSTACK.CN
Login cloud.trystakc.cn
OpenStack Havana Demo
Havana Dashboard

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Help
$ keystone help
$ keystone help user-create
$ glance help
$ glance help image-create
$ nova help
$ nova help boot

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●
管理网络
DevStack单节点部署Neutron时需要在localrc里设置：
− disable_service n-net
− enable_service q-svc
− enable_service q-agt
− enable_service q-dhcp
− enable_service q-l3
− enable_service q-meta
− enable_service neutron
− # Optional, to enable tempest configuration as part of devstack
− enable_service tempest
●
重新安装DevStack
参考：http://devstack.org/lib/neutron.html

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OpenStack
经验值 +20

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Heat Overview
Horizon
Dashboard
Heat
Orchestration
Nova
Compute
Node
Keystone
Glance
Swift
Quantum
Image
Service
Object
Store
Networkin
g
Cinder
Volume
Service
●
Provides AWS Cloudformation and native ReST API
●
Abstract configuration of services to single-template
●
HA/Autoscaling/Monitoring features
●
Openstack incubated project
Identity
Service

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Heat Overview
●
Orchestration of Openstack deployments
●
Integrates with all Openstack core projects
●
Converts a JSON template into a cloud application
●
Implements well known template and API (AWS
Cloudformation, also YAML, ReST)
●
Version your cloud applications like your software
●
Repeatable deployments, fully automated

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Heat Overview

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Heat Stack lifecycle
● Base OS image stored in glance
● Deploy instances & configure services based on template contents
(resources)
● Deployment-time configuration/customization
● Very flexible, but much reduced complexity
● Cloud-init (nova user/metadata), plus cfn-init
● Puppet/Chef can still be used if you want!
● Fully integrated single-service solution

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Heat Stack lifecycle
Stack
Template
RES
RE
ST
RE
ST
T
ES
R
Nova
T
Heat-jeos
(oz)
Glance
(Image Store)
ST T
RERES ST
RE
Heat
Nova-network
/quantum
Nova-volume
/cinder
Instance
- cloud-init
- cfn-init
- cfn-hup
-cfn-push-stats
Swift
Ceilometer

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Heat Stack lifecycle

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Why Heat/orchestration?
●
Orchestration makes things repeatable
●
Much easier to provide “on demand” infrastructure
●
Much less scripting, single template system
●
Leverage the power of openstack without learning fine detail of every service (learn one set of
APIs/tools)
●
Portability/migration
●
Version/tag/branch your infrastructure like code!
●
Composed templates/modularity
●
Pluggable, user-modifiable resource implementations
●
Open(stack) community project :)

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Definition:
Template Parameters
"Parameters" : {
"InstanceType" : {
"Description" : "WebServer EC2 instance type",
"Type" : "String",
"Default" : "m1.large",
"AllowedValues" : [ "t1.micro", "m1.small", "m1.large",
"m1.xlarge", "m2.xlarge","m2.2xlarge", "m2.4xlarge",
"c1.medium", "c1.xlarge", "cc1.4xlarge" ],
"ConstraintDescription" : "must be a valid instance type."
},
}
Using the Parameter:
{ “Ref” : “InstanceType” }

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Definition:
Template Mappings
“Mappings”: {
"DistroArch2Inst": {
"F16" : { "32" : "F16-i386-cfntools", "64" : "F16-x86_64-cfntools" },
"F17" : { "32" : "F17-i386-cfntools", "64" : "F17-x86_64-cfntools" },
"U10" : { "32" : "U10-i386-cfntools", "64" : "U10-x86_64-cfntools" }
}
}
Using the Mapping:
“ImageId”: {
"Fn::FindInMap" : [
"DistroArch2Inst", { "Ref" : "Distribution" }, { “Ref” : “Arch” }
]
}

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Template Resources
Resources {
“WikiDatabase”: {
"Type" : "AWS::EC2::Instance",
.. bunch of stuff ...
},
"DatabaseIPAddress" : {
"Type" : "AWS::EC2::EIP"
},
"DatabaseIPAssoc" : {
"Type" : "AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation",
"Properties" : {
"InstanceId" : { "Ref" : "WikiDatabase" },
"EIP" : { "Ref" : "DatabaseIPAddress" }
}
}
}

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Template Resources (YAML)
Resources:
WebServer:
Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
..bunch of stuff..
IPAddress: {Type: 'AWS::EC2::EIP'}
IPAssoc:
Type: AWS::EC2::EIPAssociation
Properties:
InstanceId: {Ref: WebServer}
EIP: {Ref: IPAddress}

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Heat Resource Types

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In Closing
●
Users and developers wanted!
−
−
Check out the repository:
−
●
Connect with the community via IRC on #heat@freenode
https://github.com/openstack/heat
Read the Documentation:
http://wiki.openstack.org/Heat/
Heat simple but powerful method for orchestrating OpenStack
environments

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OpenStack
经验值 +20

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Let's try it !

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Heat
● $ heat stack-create trystack -f WordPress_Single_Instance.template -P
"InstanceType=m1.small;DBUsername=wp;DBPassword=trystack;
KeyName=demo_heat_key;LinuxDistribution=F17"
● $heat stack-list
● $nova list
● $heat stack-show trystack 查看网站URL
● $wget URL

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CLI
add keypair：
$ nova keypair-add trystackkey > trystack.pem
$ nova keypair-list

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localrc
ADMIN_PASSWORD=trystack
MYSQL_PASSWORD=trystack
RABBIT_PASSWORD=trystack
SERVICE_PASSWORD=trystack
SERVICE_TOKEN=trystack
# Optionally alter HEAT_REPO to use a fork.
HEAT_REPO=https://github.com/sjcorbett/heat.git
HEAT_BRANCH=master
# Enable Heat
ENABLED_SERVICES+=,heat,h-api,h-api-cfn,h-api-cw,h-eng
IMAGE_URLS+=",http://fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F17-i386-cfntools.qcow2,http:
//fedorapeople.org/groups/heat/prebuilt-jeos-images/F17-x86_64-cfntools.qcow2"

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●
●
cp /vagrant/F17-i386-cfntools.qcow2
~/devstack/files/
$ ./stack.sh

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●
$ source openrc
●
$ nova flavor-list

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Set Security Group
$ nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0
$ nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0
$ nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 80 80 0.0.0.0/0
$ nova secgroup-list-rules default
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp
| -1
| -1
| 0.0.0.0/0 |
|
| tcp
| 22
| 22
| 0.0.0.0/0 |
|
| tcp
| 80
| 80
| 0.0.0.0/0 |
|
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+

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Create a stack

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$ heat stack-show trystack
注意： 这里stack_status里的CREATE_COMPLETE
只是表示OpenStack资源已被创建，但实时上并没
有安装完WordPress及MySQL等，估计需要十几分
钟

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OpenStack
经验值 +30

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你的经验值是多少？

86. TRYSTACK.CN
Thanks!
About - http://about.me/Yujie.Du
Email – du.yujie@trystack.cn
Twitter - @ben_duyujie
Blog - http://www.duyuje.org
G+ - https://plus.google.com/+YujieDu
LinkedIn - http://www.linkedin.com/in/duyujie
SlideShare -http://www.slideshare.net/ben_dyujie

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TryStack训练营
我们的TryStack训练营提供一整套深
入浅出了解云计算架构和设计的培训
方案。如果您想了解OpenStack™的所
有组件是如何协同或独立工作的，或者
想评估OpenStack™是否适用于您的
生产环境，那么该训练营将为您量身打
造一个循序渐进的学习计划。
TryStack训练营是一套为期四-五天的针对系
统管理员和架构师的培训课程，基于最新的
OpenStack版本（目前是使用的2013年10月份刚刚
发布的Havana版本）。在最开始的两天，我们将从
部署OpenStack环境开始带领各位逐个学习
OpenStack™的相关组件，了解并熟悉各个组件的
相关特性，从整体架构层面来理解它们是如何协同
工作的。在随后的两天，我们还将分享和讨论多种
可行的存储和网络架构，当然，还有Openstack的一
些高可用(HA)特性。在TryStack训练营中，我们还
将学习如何根据你的业务需求提供相应的基于
OpenStack™的云计算的解决方案。

88. TRYSTACK.CN
TRASTACK Camp for DELL

89. TRYSTACK.CN
TRASTACK Camp for HP

90. TRYSTACK.CN
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TRYSTACK MEETUPS
Oct 2012, Grizzly Summit www.slideshare.net/openstack/trystack-introfinalpdf
Dec 2012, ECUG #ChengDu http://www.ecug.org/
May 2013, open souce convention #Beijing http://bj-opensource.com/
February 2013 Trystack 1st meetup #Nanjing www.openstack.
org/blog/2013/02/trystack-cn-2013-first-meetup/
February 2013, Trystack 2nd meetup #Shanghai http://www.openstack.
org/blog/2013/02/trystack-2nd-meetup-2013/
June 2013, Trystack 3rd meetup #Beijing in IBM http://www.openstack.
org/blog/2013/06/trystack-cn-meetup-with-ibm-in-beijing/
June 2013, Trystack 4th meetup #Shenzhen in Huawei
June 2013, 8th OpenSource China Open World Forum(OCOW) #Beijing http://ocow.
csdn.net/
OpenStack's 3rd Birthday Celebration http://trystack.eventbrite.com/
OpenStack Track http://www.cloudconnectevent.cn/
Pycon China http://cn.pycon.org/2013