Review questions from the COLONIAL ERA for the 8th Grade U.S. History TAKS Test.

1. 1. Why did Europeans explore and colonize North America?

2. Adventure Religious Freedom, Better way of life, Economic Reasons, Political freedom

3. 13. What is the significance of 1607?

4. Jamestown , the first permanent English colony in North America, was established. 1607 1607 Jamestown

5. 20. What leader at Jamestown said, “Work or Don’t Eat” to the “gentleman”?

6. John Smith “ Work or don’t Eat! Jamestown, VA

7. 17. What led to success in Jamestown?

8. Tobacco growing John Rolfe

9. 2. & 16. What was drafted in 1620 by the Pilgrims and declared that those males who signed it agreed to accept majority rule and participate in the government for the best interest of the colony?

10. Mayflower Compact 1620 Majority Rule

11. 12. What was the first representative government in the colonies?

12. Virginia House of Burgesses First Representative Government / Legislature in the colonies.

13. 1619

14. House of Burgesses

15. House of Burgesses

16. 11. William Penn helped lay a foundation for what?

17. Representative Government

18. 14. Where were most colonial cities located and why?

19. Near rivers and good harbors for transportation and trade reasons.

20. 10. What area during the colonial era was known as the breadbasket colonies due to the fact that they grew so much wheat, rye, and barley ?

21. The Middle Colonies

22. 15. Even though most of the early settlers in New England had come over to farm , they turned from farming to other activities . Why ?

23. The soil was thin and rocky and there was a short growing season due to the long winters. New England

24. Which region was responsible for the production of iron goods ?

25. Middle Colonies

26. 9. What is the name of the system based on large-scale land ownership and the use of a large labor force ?

27. Plantation System

28. 4. Why did Southern planters turn to slavery ?

29. There was a labor shortage .

30. Which region was mainly involved in fishing, shipbuilding , and forestry ?

32. 6. What was the purpose of Triangular Trade?

33. To make a profit

34. 7. Which region was responsible for the growing of tobacco, indigo and rice ?

36. 5. Which region of colonial America was involved in fishing, shipping, and shipbuilding?

37. New England

38. 19. What was the struggle between the British and French in the colonies over the OHIO RIVER VALLEY ?

39. French and Indian War

40. 18. What is the name of the economic theory in which the colonies are to benefit the mother country by supplying raw materials?

41. Mercantilism

42. Under mercantilism , colonial trade and commerce were supposed to do what?

43. Benefit the mother country

44. 3. Who used a political cartoon to urge the colonists to join together to fight against the French ?

45. Benjamin Franklin

46. 8. Who was an early hero for Freedom of the Press ? “Z press”

47. John Peter Zenger

48. What is Ben Franklin trying to tell the American colonies?

49. The only way to win the war against France is to work together.

50. 24. Why did colonists resent taxes such as the Stamp Act, the Tea Act and the Sugar Act?

51. They felt it was taxation without representation .

52. What did the phrase “No taxation without representation” mean?

53. The colonists did not think they should be taxed since they had no representatives in Parliament .

54. 23. What was the most effective means that the colonists used against the British to protest taxes ?

55. Boycott

56. What is a boycott?

57. Refusal to buy goods and services in order to bring about change.

58. 39. Who set up the Committees of Correspondence , the Sons of Liberty , and organized the Boston Tea Party ?

59. Samuel Adams Sons of Liberty - That sounds like a good name!

60. What colonial claim about the Boston Massacre is supported by this illustration?

61. British soldiers fired on unarmed colonists.

62. 26. What act led to a group of colonists to dump cargo on ships overboard?

63. Tea Act

64. 27. How were those colonists dressed?

65. As Indians

66. 25. What act led to soldiers being housed in colonists’ homes?

67. The Quartering Act Colonists required to house and supply British soldiers.

68. 28. What act declared that colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains ?

69. Proclamation of 1763

73. Why was the Proclamation of 1763 issued?

74. So they would not have to deal with the Indians in the Ohio River Valley. Proclamation of 1763

75. 29. Who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution?

76. George Washington

77. What helped inform and unite the colonists during the period before the American Revolution?

78. The Press, but the British tried to limit it and shut it down.