Kumarse Nazari, ICARDA Yellow Rust in CWANA in 2010-2011 The Situation and Measures Taken

1. Yellow Rust in CWANA in 2010-2011
“The Situation and Measures
Taken”
K. Nazari, D. Hodson, M. Hovmoller
k.nazari@cgiar.org
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREAS (ICARDA), ALEPPO, SYRIA
2011 BGRI TECHNICAL WORKSHOP, MN, JUNE 13-16, 2011

2. Highly Diverse
&
Challenging Region
Yellow Rust in CWANA in 2010-2011
“The situation and Measures Taken”
CWANA
Kumarse Nazari
k.nazari@cgiar.org
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREAS (ICARDA), ALEPPO, SYRIA
Population: >1 Billion people
2011 BGRI Technical Workshop, JUNE 13-16, 2011

3. More than 50 m ha of wheat production in CWANA
25% of the total global wheat areas fall in CWANA

4. Epidemiological Factors
 Conducive environmental conditions
 Genetic similarity of Mega-cultivar (Yr9 and Yr27)
and susceptibility of genotypes and susceptible
varieties (Turkey=Gerek, Iran= Sardari, Morocco=
Akhtar,..)
 Means of transportation factors
▪ west-east wind movement and human
 Overlapping/ continues cropping system
 Widespread of alternate host and wheat wild
relatives

6. Wide spread of new Yr race: Yr27 virulence race in southern part
Cool and humid weather in warm area
Yellow rust epidemic, Darab, Dezful and Ilam, Kurdistan,
Kermanshah 2007-2010

7. Early infection foci
Yellow rust epidemic Akhtar cv-Morocco 2009
(Ezzahiri et al., 4th RYRC-Turkey)

8. Yellow rust high infection Uzbekistan, 2009

9. Early infection foci
Syria 2010, Cham8

10. Tamuz 2, 2010, E. Maaroof
Manage your mailbox V: Retrieve,
back up, or share messages

11. Manage your mailbox V: Retrieve,
back up, or share messages

12. Action taken
1. Surveillance, Race analysis, Trap Nursery
Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan,
Azerbaijan, Morocco, Kenya, Turkey, Georgia,
Algeria, Pakistan, Yemen, Lebanon,
2. Awareness and preparedness
Syria, Afghanistan, Morocco, Azerbaijan, Turkey,
Egypt, Iran
3. Farmer field school, training and capacity building
Syria, Iran, Yemen, Turkey, Afghanistan, Ethiopia,
Egypt, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan
4. Impact Assessment
Iran, Syria, Azerbaijan
Regional conference and traveling workshop
4th Regional Yellow Rust Meeting, Ankara, Turkey
International Yellow Rust Symposium

13. Manage your mailbox V: Retrieve,
back up, or share messages

14. Race analyses of Puccinia striiformis from wheat 2010, ICARDA
isolate
number 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,Cle,10,15,17,SD,Su,ND,CV,A,21,25,27,Tre, Tat
1 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,-,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
2 -,(2),-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,ND,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
4 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,-,9,-,-,-,17,-,-,-,-,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
5 -,2,3,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,-,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
7 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,ND,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
8 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,-,9,Cle,-,-,17,-,-,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
9 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,Cle,-,-,17,-,-,-,(CV),A,21,25,27,-,Tat
14 -,(2),-,-,-,-,7,8,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,ND,-,A,21,-,27,-,Tat
15 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,-,-,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
16 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,-,9,-,-,-,17,SD,-,-,-,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
18 -,(2),-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,-,-,ND,-,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
19 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,-,-,-,-,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
24 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,-,-,ND,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat
25 -,2,-,-,-,6,7,8,9,-,-,-,17,-,-,ND,CV,A,21,25,27,-,Tat

15. 2009 2010
Testet/ cultivar Yr-GENE Tel Hadya HASSAKEH MALKIEH ALEPPO DIRE AL ZOR
YR1/6*Avocet S Yr1 R R R R R
YR6/6*Avocet S Yr6 S S S S S
YR7/6*Avocet S Yr7 S S S S S
YR8/6*Avocet S Yr8 R S S S S
YR9/6*Avocet S Yr9 S S S S S
YR27/6*Avocet S Yr27 R S S S S
Ciano 79 Yr27 R S S S S
ATTILA-50Y Yr27+? R S S S S
OPATA 85 Yr27+Yr18 R S S S S
Cham 1 DW R R R R R
Cham 4 BW R S S S S
Cham 6 BW R S S S S
Cham 8 BW R S S S S
Morocco BW S S S S S

16. Race analyses of P. striiformis from wheat 2010, GRRC, Aarhus Uni.
Global Rust Reference Center,
Aarhus University

17. International Wheat Yellow Rust Trap Nursery
– International Yellow rust Trap Nursery
– Yellow rust differential cultivars
– Yellow rust Avocet Near Isogenic Lines (NILs)
– Known cultivars for APR genes
– Commercial cultivars in CWANA
– 76 location in 28 countries
– Virulence for Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, YrA and Yr31 is fixed in all
locations.
– Yr5 and Yr15 are effective in all locations
– Virulence for Yr9 and Yr25 was very common
– Virulence on Yr1, Yr8, Yr10. Yr17, Yr18, Yr24, and Yr27 was
varied
– Frequency and distribution of virulence forYr27 is increasing very
rapidly

18. Susceptible genotype Resistant genotype

19. Resistance Screening Nurseries at Yellow Rust Hot Spots
• Adult-plant Assessment
• Seedling evaluation
– ICARDA Head Quarter
– ICARDA
– Lebanon – Turkey
– Uzbekistan – Iran
– Iran – Pakistan
– Morocco
– Ethiopia
– Pakistan
– Turkey

20. Variety Release and Seed
Multiplication of multiple Rust Resistance
Osman Abdalla, Ravi Singh and

21. ICARDA
Testing sites of wheat rust trap Nurseries

22. International Collaboration is the key to success
Thank You