Download this ppt . It is prepared after doing survey of 36 doctors in Ahmedabad circle.

1. BHAVIK AMIN
EXAM NO :05
B PHARM SEMESTER VIII
KBIPER
PROJECT GUIDE
MRS. MALLIKA BABU
IN-CHARGE OF DEPARTMENT OF MBA(PHARMA)
KBIPER, KSVV,GANDHINAGAR

2. FLOW OF PRESENTATION
 Introduction to CME program
 Review of literature
 Objectives of CME program
 Research methodology
 Data Interpretation and Analysis
 Findings
 Suggestions
 Conclusions
 Strengths and Limitations
 Bibliography

3. Introduction about project
 Definition and overview
• Both the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the
American Medical Association define CME as “educational activities which serve to
maintain, develop, or increase the knowledge, skills, and professional performance and
relationships that a physician uses to provide services for patients, the public, or the
profession”.

4.  CME represents that body of knowledge and skills generally recognized and accepted by the
profession as within the basic medical sciences, the discipline of clinical medicine, and the
provision of health care to the public.
 Continuing medical education (CME) refers to a specific form of continuing education (CE) that
helps those in the medical field maintain competence and learn about new and developing areas of
their field.
 These activities may take place as live events, written publications, online programs, audio, video,
or other electronic media.
 CME activities are developed and delivered by a variety of organizations, including:
 Professional Associations
 Medical Education Agencies
 Hospitals
 Educational institutions, including universities, medical and nursing schools.

5. Characteristics of CME program
 Focus: Physician competence, performance, and patient outcomes.
 Format: Variable, emphasis on principles of adult learning
(E.g. interactive, relevant to practice techniques).
 Funding: Industry decreasing under influence of AAMC, IOM, Macy
Foundation and Pharma.
 Evidence of effectiveness: CME-effective in acquisition of Knowledge, skills,
and performance, but low-quality evidence.
 Emergence of performance improvement CME (PI-CME).

6. Review of literature
CME techniques that are more effective
 Interactive learning.
 Sequenced sessions (CME as a “campaign”, not just one-time only sessions).
 Accurate Needs Assessment (e.g. based upon measured practice gaps
compared with national guidelines)
 Experiential learning (based upon an individual’s or group’s practice, e.g. PI-
CME projects).

7.  Meaning of CME: Continuing medical education is that process
within the scope of family medicine which provides information and
activities designed to maintain and improve the ability of the family
physician to provide high quality patient care. This educational process
encompasses all the areas usually encountered by the family physician
necessary to carry out these responsibilities.
 The benefits that are gained from a CME course for physician
 It makes sure that their personal satisfaction from the job they are doing is
maintained without any interruptions.
 With such courses they can get new skills and also these helps the physician to
become more efficient in their work. And they can work better than ever.

8. Environmental Factors Affecting the Future of CME
 The content of CME is that body of knowledge and skills generally recognized and
accepted by the profession as within the basic medical sciences, the discipline of clinical
medicine, and the provision of health care to the public.
 Expectations for physicians to meet licensure and certification requirements and to
provide current, patient-focused, evidenced-based care will shape the future of CME.
The Impact of Technology
•The use of electronic health records and computerized physician order entry systems will
become more common and may lead to a standardized format for medical records. Both of
these technologies will make it possible for physicians to obtain objective data about all their
clinical encounters and prescribing patterns and, therefore, their performance gaps.
•For example, providers will benefit from knowing whether an interactive DVD is as effective
as simulation in addressing a particular gap in knowledge, skill, attitude, or behavior.

9. The Impact of Licensure
 As the entity authorized to enforce each state's Medical Practice Act, the State Medical
Board (SMB) has an obligation to its state's citizenry to “ensure that the public is
protected from the unprofessional, improper, unlawful, unethical, and/or incompetent
practice of medicine.
 Currently, 60 of the 70 SMBs require CME as part of licensure. The amount of CME
required varies, as does the need for specific content. Discussion of other links between
CME and licensure are underway, as SMBs consider evolving to continuous maintenance
of licensure programs. As licensure requirements change, CME will need to respond in
support of new licensing initiatives.

10. The Impact of MOC
[MOC means MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION]
 Today, the MOC program of the American Board of Medical Specialties is the
standard.
 MOC demonstrates a physician's continuing effort to assess and improve
knowledge, skills, and performance.
 MOC expectations and the types of required performance changes will
influence CME significantlyJust as physicians are working with more informed
patients, CME providers will target engaged physicians who have increased
expectations for CME.

11. Objectives of CME program
 To provide educational activities to physicians and other healthcare professionals that
reinforce basic medical knowledge.
 To introduce new ideas, skills and technology and spread research findings in order to
improve the quality of healthcare that is delivered by the participants in CME programs.
 To provide lifelong learning opportunities to physicians and other health care providers
that aim to increase competence, enhance practice performance, and improve the health
care status of patients.
 To suggest ways to make CME more doctor friendly.
 To understand the frequency needed for CME program.
 To understand the doctor’s expectation from CME program.

12. Research methodology
 Data Collection Sources
PRIMARY DATA
 Primary data is gathered from fieldwork (by using questionnaire).
 Duration of Study - 3 months
 Target Population - Doctors
 Sample Size - 36
 Sampling Technique - Convenience sampling
 Sampling Unit - Ahmedabad

13.  SECONDARY DATA
•Secondary data is gathered from internet & books.
•It is valuable source of new ideas that can be explored later through
primary research.
Research Design: Conclusive Type

14. Analysis and Data Interpretation
1) CME programs helps in improving our practice.
Data Interpretation:
According to survey from doctors,
 55.56 % Doctors Strongly Agee that CME Programs help in improving their
practice.
 38.88% Doctors agree that CME Programs help in improving their practice
 22.22% Doctors are neutral.

15. 2) I prefer paid CME programs than organized free by companies.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 13.88 % Doctors strongly agree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized free
by companies.
 38.88% Doctors agree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized free by
companies.
 33.33% Doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 13.88 % Doctors disagree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized free by
companies.

16. 3) I prefer CME programs for a short duration.
Data Interpretation:
According to survey from doctors
30.55% doctors strongly agree that CME programs should be for a short duration.
66.67% doctors agree that CME programs should be for a short duration.
2.77% doctors are neutral in their opinion.

17. 4)I prefer online CME programs.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 13.88% doctors strongly agree to prefer online CME programs.
 16.66% doctors agree to prefer online CME programs.
 38.88% doctors are neutral in their opinion towards online CME programs.
 25% doctors disagree to prefer online CME programs.
 5.56% doctors strongly disagree to prefer online CME programs.

18. 5)CME motivates us to keep up-to date with medical advances.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 61.11% doctors strongly agree that CME motivates them to up-to date with medical
advance.
 13.33% doctors agree that CME motivates them to up-to date with medical advance.
 5.56% doctors are neutral in their opinion.

19. 6)CME programs at some popular resorts or holiday spots attract me.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 16.66% doctors strongly agree that CME program at some popular resorts or holiday spot
attracts them.
 13.88% doctors agree that CME program at some popular resorts or holiday spot attracts them.
 41.66% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 13.88% doctors disagree that CME program at some popular resorts or a holiday spot attracts
them.
 8.33% doctors strongly disagree that CME program at some popular resorts or a holiday spot
attracts them.

20. 7) I need some tailor made CME programs from which I can select one or two.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 19.44% doctors strongly agree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or
2 can be selected.
 52.72% doctors agree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or 2 can be
selected.
 11.11% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 11.11% doctors disagree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or 2 can
be selected.

21. 8)Frequency of CME programs should be increased.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 30.55% doctors strongly agree that frequency of CME programs should be increased.
 27.77% doctors agree that frequency of CME programs should be increased.
 27.77% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 11.11% doctors disagree that frequency of CME programs should be increased.
 2.77% doctors strongly disagree that frequency of CME programs should be increased.

22. 9)Speakers should be international level for CME programs.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 19.44% doctors strongly agree that speakers should be international level for CME
programs.
 22.22% doctors strongly agree that speakers should be international level for CME
programs.
 33.33% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 19.44% doctors disagree that speakers should be international level for CME programs.
 5.55% doctors strongly disagree that speakers should be international level for CME
programs.

23. 10) Enough materials / hard copies are not provided to doctors after CME
programs.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 19.44% doctors strongly agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to
them after CME programs.
 30.55% doctors agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to them after
CME programs.
 30.55% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 13.88% doctors disagree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to them
after CME programs.
 5.55% doctors disagree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to them after
CME programs.

24. 11)Trade and consumer publications, advertising, textbooks and journals,
web, television, patient educations comparatively are less time consuming
than CME programs.
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 2.77% doctors strongly agree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements,
journals are less time consuming than CME programs.
 19.44% doctors agree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals are
less time consuming than CME programs.
 30.55% doctors are neutral in their opinion.
 33.33% doctors disagree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals
are less time consuming than CME programs.
 13.88% doctors strongly disagree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements,
journals are less time consuming than CME programs.

25. 12) Which kind of CME program would you prefer? Why?
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 44.44% doctors prefer WORKSHOP PROGRAM.
 33.33% doctors prefer CONFERENCE.
 13.88% doctors prefer SEMINAR.
 8.33% doctors prefer ONLINE CME PROGRAM.

26. 13) Current CME programs provide satisfaction to doctors? Why?
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 80.55% doctors agree that Current CME program provide satisfaction to doctors.
 16.66% doctors disagree that Current CME program provide satisfaction to doctors.

27. 14) Which company gives best CME programs?
 Data Interpretation:
 According to survey from doctors,
 5.55% doctors say that Dr. Reddy Laboratories Company gives best CME program.
 8.33% doctors say that Mankind Pharmaceuticals gives best CME program.
 5.55% doctors say that GSK (GlaxoSmithKline) company gives best CME program.
 11.11% doctors say that Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals Company gives best CME program.
 30.55% doctors say that Torrent Pharmaceuticals gives best CME program.
 11.11% doctors say that Cadilla pharmaceuticals gives best CME program.
 27.77% doctors say that Cipla pharmaceuticals gives best CME program.

28. Findings
 More than 90 %( 94.44%) doctors believe that CME program helps in improving their
practice.
 52.76% doctors prefer paid CME programs than organized free by companies.
 More than 90 %( 97.22%) doctors prefer CME program for short duration, because of busy
schedule in clinic and to avoid mental fatigue.
 30.54% doctors prefer online CME programme. The remaining 70% do not prefer online CME
program because of lack of interaction between CME program providers and doctors.
 74.44 % doctors agree that CME motivates us to keep up-to date with medical advances.
 Only 30.54% doctors say that CME programs at holiday spots or popular resorts attract them.
 72.16% doctors need tailor made programs from 1 or 2 can be selected.
 58.32 % doctors believe that frequency of CME programs should be increased. Frequency: 2 or
3 times in a year.

29. Cont….
 41.66 % doctors agree that speakers should be international level for CME programs.
 50% doctors agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to doctors after
CME programs.
 22.21% doctors agree that trade and consumer publications, Advertising, textbooks and
journals, web, television, patient educations comparatively are less time consuming
than CME programs.
 44.44% doctors prefer workshop.
 33.33% doctors prefer conference.
 13.88% doctors prefer Seminar.
 8.33% doctors prefer Online CME program.
 80.55% doctors agree that current CME programs provide satisfaction to doctors.
 30.55% doctors say “TORRENT PHARMACEUTICALS give best CME programs”.
 27.77% doctors say “CIPLA PHARMACEUTICALS give best CME programs”.

30. Suggestions
 94.44% doctors agree that CME programs helps in improving their practice; so, frequency of
CME programs should be increased.
 Paid CME programs are more preferred , so companies must organize CME for doctors by
registering doctors with registration fee(Rs 100-Rs 1000).
 CME programs must be for short duration because of busy schedule of doctors and also to
avoid mental fatigue.
 Doctors suggest that in online CME programs there will be lack of interaction. Hence, as far
as possible, online CME programs must not be organized or frequency of online CME
programs must be decreased. Instead of online CME programs, conferences should be
organized for the purpose of interaction.
 Frequency of CME should be increased and also companies should try to make CME programs
more effective and provide latest information regarding medical advancements.
 In the case of CME programs, place (holiday spots, popular resorts) does not matter;
knowledge provided by CME program matters.
.

31. Cont….
 A list of programs, e.g., neuro, and cardiac, renal, hepatic, etc. tailor made CME
programs can be given to doctors, so as to make their own choice and make CME
programs more doctors friendly .
 Speakers of CME programs should be form their own city,town,or their own city so that
language problems does not occur. Good speakers are required in CME programs.
 Doctors need regular programs with academic touch.
 CME programs should be more interactive and Brain storming rather than having lecture
type CME program.
 Companies should also take care of some related services during CME programs. The
most prominent ones are
a) Provide quality and hygiene food.
b) Good hall with best ventilation and lighting.
c) Minimum financial support.
d) Good time schedule without disturbing their practice and personal commitments.

32. Conclusions
 It is well-known to all that CME programs play a major role in
pharmaceutical marketing. It takes a dual role in pharmaceutical
marketing. It takes a dual role in creating awareness about the new
molecules and brands and also helps in improving the medical
practice of doctors to a greater extent. It is a tool that doctors
depend on to update their knowledge towards ongoing researches
and developments. So, this project is carried out to understand the
expectations of doctors from pharma companies in organizing
better, efficient CME programs. It is clear through the survey that
every doctor likes to attend CME programs and companies have to
concentrate more on deciding the content and schedule to suit the
practioner’s need.

33. Strengths of study
 Captured feedback from physicians themselves.
 Low cost.
 Quantifiable Data; not labor intensive.
 Rapid results.

34. Limitations
Busy schedule of doctors.
Wrong perception of doctors.
Rush of patients to the clinic.
Unwillingness of respondents to answer the asked questions due to
boredom or lack of time. Hence some of them have answered
haphazardly or randomly.
Limited time, region and limited sample size restricts this project to be
generalized.

35. Bibliography
1) Davis DA, Thomson MA, Oxman AD, Haynes RB. Evidence for the
effectiveness of CME. A review of 50 randomized controlled trials.
JAMA. 1992;268(9):1111-1117.
2) Thomson. February, 2002. Thomson Job Impact Study: The Next
Generation of Corporate Learning.
3) Todesco A. September 1997. From Training Evaluation to Outcome
Assessment: What Trends and Best Practices Tell Us. The Research
Center. http://learnet.gc.ca.
4) Davis D, et al. Impact of Formal Continuing Medical Education: Do
Conferences, Workshops, Rounds, and Other Traditional Continuing
Education Activities Change Physician Behavior on Health Care
Outcomes? JAMA.1999;282(9):867-874.

36. WEBSITES
1) http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/249/8/1042.abstract visited on
11/02/2012
2) http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/cme/cppd22.pdf visited on
11/02/2012
3) http://www.ncqa.org/tabid/1014/Default.aspx visited on 11/02/2012
4) http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/282/9/867.full visited on 12/02/2012
5) http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/education-careers/continuing-
medical-education.page visited on 12/02/2012
6) http://www.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/cme/cme.pdf visited on
12/02/2012
7) http://www.medschool.vcu.edu/cpde/offerings/index.html visited on
12/02/2012
8) http://medicine.buffalo.edu/cme/planning_cme/cme_types.html visited on
12/02/2012