Functional organization of the Immune System

Presented by Dr. B. Victor, St. Xavier’s College, Palayamkottai-627002,India. Functional organization of the Immune System : 3. Immunoreactive molecules

Antibodies (or Immunoglubulins) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antibodies are products of antigen- activated B- lymphocytes

Subclasses of human immunoglobulins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Immunoglobulin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The variable (V) regions . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The constant (C) regions. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fc and Fab regions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Papain 2 Fab + Fc

Immunoglobulin G ,[object Object],Bacteriolytic Viricidal Precipitating ab

Immunoglobulin A ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Secretary ab First line defense for microbes

Immunoglobulin M ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Macroglobulin primary immune response Bacteriolytic

Immunoglobulin D ,[object Object],Membrane bound antibody Found on B-cell membrane Memory function

Immunoglobulin E ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Activate mast cells Release vasoactive amines Respond to allergens Mediate hypersensitivity reactions

Human immunoglobulin isotype monomers .

Defense mechanisms of antibodies ,[object Object]

Cytokines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functions of cytokines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Kinds of cytokines ,[object Object]

Chemokines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional types of Cytokines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNF-gamma ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interleukin-2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interleukin-4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interleukin-5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interferons (IFN) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

IFN-gamma: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-beta) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Stimulators of Hematopoiesis : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Complement Proteins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The complement system ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The complement system ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Biochemical pathways of the complement system: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pathways of complement activation CLASSICAL PATHWAY ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY LECTIN PATHWAY activation of C5 LYTIC ATTACK PATHWAY antibody dependent antibody independent Activation of C3 and generation of C5 convertase

The Complement System Figure 16.10

Secretory molecules of non-specific immunity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Secretory molecules of non-specific immunity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

About the presenter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional organization of the Immune System

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Functional organization of the Immune System