MacRuby presentation at MagicRuby 2011 in Orlando, Florida on February 5, 2011.

1. Developing Cocoa
Applications With
MacRuby
Brendan G. Lim
@brendanlim
brendan@intridea.com
Saturday, February 5, 2011

2. Outline
• Objective-C & Cocoa
• RubyCocoa
• MacRuby
• Live Coding
• HotCocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011

3. Objective -C
• Object-oriented extensions to C
• Strongly typed
• Like Ruby, influenced by Smalltalk
• Primarily used for Mac OS X and iOS
Saturday, February 5, 2011

4. Cocoa
• High-level API for Mac OS X
• Set of frameworks
• Includes FoundationKit, AppKit, etc.
• Apps typically built using tools like XCode
and Interface Builder
Saturday, February 5, 2011

5. Why make desktop apps?
Saturday, February 5, 2011

6. Different Paradigm
Saturday, February 5, 2011

7. Mac App Store
1. Build MacRuby application
2. Submit to App Store
4. Profit
Saturday, February 5, 2011

8. Why Ruby instead
of Objective-C?
Saturday, February 5, 2011

9. Apple Loves Ruby
2002 Mac OS X 10.2 Ruby 1.6.7
2005 Mac OS X 10.4 Ruby 1.8.2
2007 Mac OS X 10.5 Ruby 1.8.6
RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
2009 Mac OS X 10.6 Ruby 1.8.7
RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
2011 Mac OS X 10.7 Ruby 1.9.x?
MacRuby? RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
Saturday, February 5, 2011

10. Ruby vs Objective-C
object.method(param)
=
[object method:param];
Saturday, February 5, 2011

11. Ruby vs Objective-C
array = []
=
NSMutableArray *array =
[[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
Saturday, February 5, 2011

12. Ruby vs Objective-C
“ string”.strip
=
[@“ string” stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:
[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]]
Saturday, February 5, 2011

13. Ruby vs Objective-C
dictionary = {“key1” => “value1”, “key2” => “value2”}
=
NSArray *keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@”key1”,@”key2”];
NSArray *data = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@”value1”,@”value2”];
NSDictionary *dictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects forKeys:keys];
Saturday, February 5, 2011

14. +
Saturday, February 5, 2011

15. RubyCocoa
• Bridge between Objective-C and Ruby
• Manipulate Objective-C objects using Ruby
• Write Cocoa apps in Ruby
• Runs on Ruby 1.8
• Ships with OSX Leopard
Saturday, February 5, 2011

16. RubyCocoa vs Objective-C
OSX::NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.addObserver_selector_name_object(
self,
:window_moved,
"NSWindowDidMoveNotification",
nil
)
=
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self,
selector:@selector(windowMoved:)
name:”NSWindowDidMoveNotification”
object:nil];
Saturday, February 5, 2011

17. So, Why Not
RubyCocoa?
(besides it looking gross)
Saturday, February 5, 2011

18. Why Not RubyCocoa?
• It’s a bridge!
• Two runtimes, GCs, etc.
• Object conversions
• Syntax doesn’t feel like idiomatic Ruby
• It’s getting replaced
Saturday, February 5, 2011

19. +
Saturday, February 5, 2011

20. MacRuby
• Implementation of Ruby 1.9 that runs on top
the Objective-C runtime
• Open sourced and supported by Apple
• Replacing RubyCocoa
• Objects are peers with no translation layer
Saturday, February 5, 2011

21. MacRuby
Object NSObject
String NSMutableString
Number NSNumber
Array NSMutableArray
Hash NSMutableDictionary
Saturday, February 5, 2011

22. MacRuby
Objects Objective-C
Classes Objective-C
Methods Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011

23. MacRuby
>> s = “magicruby”
=> “magicruby”
>> s.class
=> String
>> s.class.ancestors
=> [String,NSMutableString,NSString,Comparable,NSObject,Kernel]
>> s.upcase
=> “MAGICRUBY”
>> s.uppercaseString
=> “MAGICRUBY”
Saturday, February 5, 2011

24. MacRuby
>> NSString.new(“magicruby”)
=> “magicruby”
>> NSString.stringWithString(“magicruby”)
=> “magicruby”
>> NSString.alloc.initWithString(“magicruby”)
=> “magicruby”
Saturday, February 5, 2011

25. MacRuby
>> a = []
=> []
>> a.class
=> Array
>> a.class.ancestors
=> [Array,NSMutableArray,NSArray,Enumerable,NSObject,Kernel]
>> a << “MagicRuby”
=> [“MagicRuby”]
Saturday, February 5, 2011

26. MacRuby vs Objective-C
-(id) tableView:(NSTableView *)tableView
objectValueForColumn:(NSTableColumn *)column
row:(int)rowIndex { .. }
Saturday, February 5, 2011

27. MacRuby vs Objective-C
-(id) tableView:(NSTableView *)tableView
objectValueForColumn:(NSTableColumn *)column
row:(int)rowIndex { .. }
def tableView(tableView
objectValueForColumn:column
row:rowIndex)
end
Saturday, February 5, 2011

28. MacRuby vs Objective-C
Interface Builder Outlets & Actions
!
Saturday, February 5, 2011

29. MacRuby vs Objective-C
Interface Builder Outlets
# Interface
NSString *myString;
@property(nonatomic,retain) IBOutlet NSString *myString;
=
attr_accessor :myString
Saturday, February 5, 2011

30. MacRuby vs Objective-C
Interface Builder Actions
# Implementation
-(IBAction) myAction:(id)sender { ... }
=
def myAction(sender)
...
end
Saturday, February 5, 2011

31. MacRuby - Gem Support
• sudo macgem install awesome_gem
• Not all gems supported right now
Saturday, February 5, 2011

32. MacRuby - Objective-C
Frameworks & Libraries
• Libraries must have garbage collection support
• Libraries must be turned into bundles
• Frameworks can easily be included
Saturday, February 5, 2011

33. Testing MacRuby
• Any Ruby testing framework instantly becomes
an Objective-C testing framework
• Test::Unit
• RSpec
• etc...
Saturday, February 5, 2011

34. What tools will we
be using?
Saturday, February 5, 2011

35. Xcode
Saturday, February 5, 2011

36. Interface Builder
Saturday, February 5, 2011

37. Instruments
Saturday, February 5, 2011

38. Let’s build a MacRuby app
Saturday, February 5, 2011

39. HotCocoa
• Created by Rich Kilmer
• Ruby layer that sits on top of Cocoa, etc.
• Use Ruby to easily create user interfaces
• Used to be included with MacRuby
• Now available as a gem
Saturday, February 5, 2011

40. HotCocoa
win = NSWindow.alloc.initWithContentRect([10,20,300,300],
styleMask: (NSTitleWindowMask |
NSCloseableWindowMask |
NSMiniatureizableWindowMask |
NSResizeableWindowMask)
=
win = window :frame => [10,20,300,300]
Saturday, February 5, 2011

41. HotCocoa
sudo macgem install hotcocoa
hotcocoa NAME_OF_APP
Saturday, February 5, 2011

42. Hello World in HotCocoa
require ‘hotcocoa’
class Application
include HotCocoa
def start
application :name => "Hello" do |app|
app.delegate = self
window :frame => [500,500,200,100], :title => "Hello" do |win|
win << label(:text => "Hello World",:layout => {:start => false})
win.will_close { exit }
end
end
end
end
Application.new.start
Saturday, February 5, 2011

43. Questions?
MacRuby in Action
http://manning.com/lim
http://macruby.org
http://bit.ly/macruby-getting-started
http://bit.ly/macruby-examples
http://bit.ly/tdd-macruby
Saturday, February 5, 2011