Woodrow Wilson's 14 Point Plan

1. Bri ttany
Hebbe
WOODROW WILSON’S
14 POINT PLAN
THE FIRST WORLD WAR

2. PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON
• Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points were
first outlined in a speech Wilson gave to
the American Congress in January 1918
• Wilson's Fourteen Points became the basis
for a peace programme and it was on the
back of the Fourteen Points that Germany
and her allies agreed to an armistice in
November 1918.
• U.S. President Woodrow Wilson was a
strong advocate of the League as he
believed it would prevent future wars.

3. PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE
• The Paris Peace Conference set the
peace terms for the defeated Central
Powers following the armistices of
1918.
• It took place in Paris during 1919 and
involved diplomats from more than 32
countries and nationalities.
• The "Big Four" were the President of
the United States, Woodrow Wilson;
the Prime Minister of Great
Britain, David Lloyd George; the Prime
Minister of France, Georges
Clemenceau; and the Prime Minister of
Italy, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando.

4. POINT 1-3
1. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, af ter which
there shal l be no private international understandings of any
kind but diplomacy shal l proceed always frankly and in the
public view.
2. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside
territorial waters, al ike in peace and in war, except as the seas
may be closed in whole or in par t by international action for the
enforcement of international covenants.
3. The removal , so far as possible, of al l economic barriers and
the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among al l
the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves
for its maintenance.

5. POINT 4-6
4. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national
armaments wi l l be reduced to the lowest point consistent with
domestic safety.
5. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impar tial adjustment of
al l colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the
principle that in determining al l such questions of sovereignty
the interests of the populations concerned must have equal
weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title
is to be determined.
6. Russia wi l l be al lowed to determine its own form of
government. Al l German troops wi l l leave Russian soi l .

6. POINT 7-9
7. Belgium, the whole world wi l l agree, must be evacuated and
restored, without any attempt to l imit the sovereignty which she
enjoys in common with al l other free nations. No other single
act wi l l serve as this wi l l serve to restore confidence among the
nations in the laws which they have themselves set and
determined for the government of their relations with one
another. Without this healing act the whole structure and
val idity of international law is forever impaired.
8. France wi l l regain al l territory including the disputed land of
Alsace-Lorraine.
9. The borders of Italy wi l l be established such that al l Ital ians
wi l l be within the country of Italy.

7. POINT 10-12
10. Austria-Hungary wi l l be al lowed to continue to be an
independent country.
11. Rumania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated;
occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure
access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states
to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically
established l ines of al legiance and national ity; and
international guarantees of the pol itical and economic
independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan
states should be entered into.
12. The Turkish people of the Ottoman Empire wi l l have their
own country. Other nationalities under the Ottoman rule wi l l
also have security.

8. POINT 13-14
13. An independent Pol ish state should be erected which
should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Pol ish
populations, which should be assured a free and secure access
to the sea, and whose pol itical and economic independence and
territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international
covenant .
14. A general association of nations must be formed under
specific covenants for the purpose of af fording mutual
guarantees of pol itical independence and territorial integrity to
great and smal l states al ike (League of Nations)