1. Infrastructure Virtualization Overview of Server and Infrastructure Virtualization. How and where can Sentrana benefit? Bryan Randol IT/Systems Manager 1
2. I. Virtualization’s history and basic concepts... II. Industry adoption and application of virtualization... 2 Infrastructure Virtualization: Discussion Outline III. Area’s within an infrastructure that can benefit from virtualization... IV. Summary/Questions/Comments
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4. Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”
6. A software control program called a “hypervisor” creates an abstraction layer, decoupling the physical resources on the host from the virtual machines installed above.
9. VMs are isolated from one another as if physically separated.
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11. 6 Infrastructure Virtualization: Industry Application Traditional Hardware Scaling Every new software application requires a new server...”server sprawl”. Each new physical server compounds the costs of cooling, powering, storing/hosting, and administering the infrastructure. Physical servers are rarely above 19% utilization... Slow IT response time to organizational needs...
12. 7 Infrastructure Virtualization: Industry Application Virtualized Hardware Scaling (Server Consolidation) A single physical server can host several guest servers...general rule of thumb is 2 VMs to each CPU (or Core)... [e.g. - a Dual Quad Core server can virtualize up to 16 hosts] ROI of physical servers is increased as utilization is maximized...target is 60-80% utilization per ser physical server. Total cost of ownership (TCO) is reduced throughout the infrastructure... Drastically increases an organization’s IT growth potential...less power, space, and maintenance. Rapid IT response, less time spent deploying and recovering systems.
13. 8 Infrastructure Virtualization: Industry Application Server Consolidation Case Study Anonymous US Insurance Company Source: “Bitpipe.com”
14. 9 Infrastructure Virtualization: Types 1. Full Virtualization (e.g. “VMware Workstation”) Full virtualization allows the use of unmodified guests within isolated virtual machines...these guests can still execute privileged operations as though they’re running directly in ring0 on the host’s processor...giving them the illusion that they’re running on a physical machine. Guests are unaware of each other, unless through virtual networking... “Independent” virtualization... VMware Workstation is a good example.
15. Infrastructure Virtualization: Types 2. Para Virtualization (e.g. “Xen”) Each guest has an operating system modification replacing their need to run in ring0 with system calls (referred to as “hypercalls”) to the hypervisor.... giving the hypervisor the ability to perform scheduling tasks on behalf of the guests. 10 Performance is near native speed. Cohesive virtualization.... Open Source Hosts only. (Linux or BSD variants)
26. 12 Infrastructure Virtualization: Sample Vendor Suite VMware’s Datacenter Products VMware Infrastructure (VI) ESX Server VMware High Availability (HA) VMware VMotion VMware Consolidated Backup (VCB) VMware’s vCenter Lab Manager
27. Infrastructure Virtualization: VMware ESX Server VMware ESX Server is unique, in that it’s a “bare metal” hypervisor, meaning it installs directly on top of the host server’s hardware, without requiring a conventional host operating system. ESX Server is the product of choice in most server virtualization solutions. ESX Server has an exceptionally small resource footprint on the overall hosting platform. ESX Server is Red Hat Enterprise Linux containing a “microkernel” serving as the hypervisor. Hardware vendors such as DELL and EMC typically bundle ESX with their storage devices and servers, making it relatively inexpensive and highly supported. 13
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29. Tape library/drive... Single tape drives cost as low as $350, libraries cost literally thousands... both become obsolete fairly quickly.
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32. Virtual machines are encapsulated into software files that are easy to copy, clone, and backup & recover.
33. Backup traffic on the local area network is eliminated. Traffic is on SAN fabric only.
34. Backups are performed on server snapshots not the actual system...thereby eliminating backup overhead on production servers.
35. Integrated with major 3rd party backup products that have specialized API’s.
36. High Availability What are your recovery time and recovery point objectives (RTOs and RPOs)? 16 Infrastructure Virtualization: High Availability Benefits IT Service Levels are directly impacted by the ability to rapidly respond to or prevent service outages. How soon (Recovery Time Objective)? How current (Recovery Point Objective)?
37. 17 Infrastructure Virtualization: Ideal HA Deployment In a properly configured HA virtualized infrastructure, if any physical host server goes down, all of the virtual machines that were on it will migrate automatically (while still running) to a failover host within the virtualization resource pool and resume there. There is no outage, users don’t notice the migration from host to host... Virtual disks (data) are stored on SANs, with redundant access points, disks, and power sources. Redundant network access through a switched fabric. Virtual machines are independent of hosts. VMotion allows for transparent VM failover between hosts. Application Uptime Increases Demanding high availability of services and applications.
38. 18 Infrastructure Virtualization: Benefits to Testing/R&D Virtualized Testing and Development Virtual Lab Features: Creates a pool of virtualized test servers... Automatic and rapid setup and tear down of complex multi-machine configurations for testing scenarios. Gives every engineer the equivalent of their own fully equipped data center... Maintains a library of customer and production system environments... IT Benefits: Accelerated software development cycles... Reduces provisioning time/costs by over 50%... Removes the repetitive support burden from IT... Maintains a historical record of builds and test scenarios for future improvements...
39. Infrastructure Virtualization: Summary I. Disaster Recovery (DR): Having a virtualized infrastructure makes it possible to offload the demanding backup processes from production servers onto a backup proxy. Production systems are never touched by the backup processes, only their snapshots, which are on a shared SAN. The snapshots are mounted by the backup proxy server and then backed up across the SAN as though the snapshots were actual live systems. Recovery is as simple as copying a folder from one SAN to the other. II. High Availability (HA): A virtual infrastructure can dramatically increase service levels and availability by allowing virtual servers to be migrated (while still running) across host servers as needed. Users on properly configured highly available VMs rarely experience service outages. III. Server Consolidation: Server virtualization can drastically reduce “server sprawl” while proportionately increasing the efficiency of physical servers used for hosting. ROI is increased on each physical virtual host server by making full use of its idle resources, maximizing the use of hardware investments while simultaneously driving down the infrastructure’s TCO. IV. Testing and Development: A virtual infrastructure allows administrators to create virtual labs that are specific to engineer’s testing and development needs. Each engineer can be given their own “virtual datacenter” (playground) with the same configuration and state as a production infrastructure, allowing them to test various scenarios and software versions without touching the production environment. 19
40. 20 Infrastructure Virtualization: References “Platform Virtualization” ,Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_virtualization 2. “Leveraging virtualization to optimize high-availability system configurations.” S. Loveland, E. M. Dow,F. LeFevre, D. Beyer, P. F. Chan. October 2008. http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/474/loveland.pdf Various images were borrowed from “Google Images”. http://images.google.com 4. “Industry experience!” Bryan Randol. Circa 1997-2009.
Notes de l'éditeur
Virtualization: Coined in 1960’s as a term referring to a virtual or “pseudo machine”Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”Gives IT administrators the abliity to create several virtual machines (servers) on a single hostControl progam called a “hypervisor” decouples the host’s physical hardware from the installed virtual machines Installed virtual machines are refrered to as “guests”Guests run within a virtual machine as it they were installed on actual stand-alone hardware
Virtualization: Coined in 1960’s as a term referring to a virtual or “pseudo machine”Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”Gives IT administrators the abliity to create several virtual machines (servers) on a single hostControl progam called a “hypervisor” decouples the host’s physical hardware from the installed virtual machines Installed virtual machines are refrered to as “guests”Guests run within a virtual machine as it they were installed on actual stand-alone hardware
Virtualization: Coined in 1960’s as a term referring to a virtual or “pseudo machine”Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”Gives IT administrators the abliity to create several virtual machines (servers) on a single hostControl progam called a “hypervisor” decouples the host’s physical hardware from the installed virtual machines Installed virtual machines are refrered to as “guests”Guests run within a virtual machine as it they were installed on actual stand-alone hardware
Virtualization: Coined in 1960’s as a term referring to a virtual or “pseudo machine”Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”Gives IT administrators the abliity to create several virtual machines (servers) on a single hostControl progam called a “hypervisor” decouples the host’s physical hardware from the installed virtual machines Installed virtual machines are refrered to as “guests”Guests run within a virtual machine as it they were installed on actual stand-alone hardware
Virtualization: Coined in 1960’s as a term referring to a virtual or “pseudo machine”Creation and management of virtual machines is called platform virtualization or “server virtualization”Gives IT administrators the abliity to create several virtual machines (servers) on a single hostControl progam called a “hypervisor” decouples the host’s physical hardware from the installed virtual machines Installed virtual machines are refrered to as “guests”Guests run within a virtual machine as it they were installed on actual stand-alone hardware
Full virtualization:Hypervisor serves as an independent platform for each guestGuests are unaware of each other, unless through virtual networkingResources that are allocated to each guest are used fully without consideration for peer guests.“Independent Virtualization”VMware Workstation is an example of a “full” virtualization solution.Para-Virtualization:Each guest has an operating system module or extension installed making them aware of the host system’s resources.Guests are fully aware of each other’s demands on the host, and schedule resources accordingly.Less overall processing demands are placed on the host, due to this collaborative scheduling.“Cohesive Virtualization”Xen is an example of a “para” virtualized solution.OS-Virtualization:Hypervisor program is actually a part of the host operating system, not an independent control program.Guests must each run the same operating system.Limited guest operating system options.“Homogenous virtualization”Parallels Virtuozzo Containers is an example of an “OS” virtualized solution.
Full virtualization:Hypervisor serves as an independent platform for each guestGuests are unaware of each other, unless through virtual networkingResources that are allocated to each guest are used fully without consideration for peer guests.“Independent Virtualization”VMware Workstation is an example of a “full” virtualization solution.Para-Virtualization:Each guest has an operating system module or extension installed making them aware of the host system’s resources.Guests are fully aware of each other’s demands on the host, and schedule resources accordingly.Less overall processing demands are placed on the host, due to this collaborative scheduling.“Cohesive Virtualization”Xen is an example of a “para” virtualized solution.OS-Virtualization:Hypervisor program is actually a part of the host operating system, not an independent control program.Guests must each run the same operating system.Limited guest operating system options.“Homogenous virtualization”Parallels Virtuozzo Containers is an example of an “OS” virtualized solution.
