Growth hormone promotes growth in many tissues and has metabolic effects unrelated to growth. It increases fat mobilization and decreases glucose utilization. Growth hormone promotes growth of soft tissues and bones through processes like cell division, hypertrophy, and protein synthesis. It decreases carbohydrate utilization and increases fat utilization and glucose production in the liver. Growth hormone levels typically decline with age from the teens through the 70s. Abnormalities in growth hormone can cause diseases like dwarfism or gigantism.