1. Diffusion of Innovations
Diane Burling
Walden University
EDUC 8841
Diffusion and Integration of Technology
in Education
Fall 2010

2.  Proper and affordable
 Accessibility

3.  Sold on demand, typically by the minute or the
hour;
 Elastic -- a user can have as much or as little of
a service as they want at any given time; and
the service is fully managed by the provider
(the consumer needs nothing but a personal
computer and Internet access)

4.  Dates back to 1960, JCR Licklider; also computer
scientist John Mccarthy
 2.Internet hosting services expand on what is already in
place- provide hosting services:
 Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
 Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
 Software-as-a-Service (SaaS).
 Sold on demand, elastic, no managing required by user

5.  Privacy Issues
 Compliance
 Legal
 Open source/standards
 Security
 Availability/performance
 Sustainability
 Clients

6.  Public cloud
 Community cloud
 Hybrid cloud
 Private cloud
 Billed as a utility

7. •Advanced Research
Projects Agency
Network developer,
JCR Licklider, 1969
•Intergalactic
computer network
suggested
Beginning phase
Knowledge
•John McCarthy,
computer scientist
proposed
computation delivery
as a public utility
Continuing
credit •Salesforce.com in 1999
•Delivery of
applications over the
Internet
Persuasion and
Decision begins

8. Phases…
Implementation phase
•Amazon Web Services 2002
using cloud-based services for
storage, computation and
human intelligence using
Amazon Mechanical Turk
• Amazon Elastic Compute
cloud (EC2)
•Web 2.0, Google, Google Apps
Confirmation phase
•Development of high speed,
virtualization technologies
•Virtually anything can be
delivered via from the cloud

9. 1960 1990 2000 2010
S-Curve Cloud
Computing
Idea
Implementation
Diffusion

10.  IT Professionals
 Ease of Use & Implementation
 No upgrade of equipment
 Use what is needed
 Accessibility
 Affordability

11.  Fear of new innovation
 Fear of technology
 Fear of the unknown…
 Training and support
 Hands on help by IT and Super-Users

12. “Facilitating the flow of innovations …
…matching the clients needs.” (Rogers, 2003, p.368)
1. Assessing the need for change.
2. Establish relationship with users.
3. What’s wrong with the old way of doing it?
4. Motivate and generate interest!
5. Guided influence for change.
6. Reinforce the message- we did this because..
7. Shift clients to self-reliance roles (Rogers, 2003).

13. Who is Using this Cloud?
 Social networking sites
 500 million people using Facebook
 Webmail services like
 Hotmail and Yahoo mail
 Microblogging and blogging services such as Twitter and
WordPress,
 Video-sharing sites like YouTube
 Picture-sharing sites such as Flickr,
 Document and applications sites like Google Docs, social-
bookmarking sites like Delicious
 Business sites like eBay
 Rating and commenting sites such as Yelp and
TripAdvisor.

14.  “By 2020, most people won't do their work
with software running on a general-purpose
PC. Instead, they will work in Internet-based
applications such as Google Docs, and in
applications run from smartphones. Aspiring
application developers will develop for
smartphone vendors and companies that
provide Internet-based applications, because
most innovative work will be done in that
domain, instead of designing applications that
run on a PC operating system.” (PewInternet,
2010)

15.  It is easy and convenient
 Accessible from anywhere
 Information can be shared with anyone
 Information is not lost if computer crashes
 Decreased expenses for hardware
 Less dependency on IT professionals
 Private clouds eliminate security concerns

18.  Computerweekly.com. (2010). The history of cloud computing. Retrieved from
http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2009/06/10/235429/A-history-of-
cloud-computing.htm
 Pew Internet. (2010). The future of cloud computing. Retrieved from
http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/The-future-of-cloud-
computing/Overview.aspx
 Searchcloudcomputing.com. (2010). Retrieved
fromhttp://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid201_gci12878
81,00.html
 Wikipedia. (2010). Cloud computing. Retrieved
fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing#History
 Youtube Video. (2010). The state of cloud computing. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeYPsmSMONs