1. FLASH CARDS Chapter 7 EDU 144 Child Development I

2. According to Ainsworth, “an affectional tie” that an infant forms with a caregiver—a tie that binds them together in space and endures over time. Click for Term

4. A person’s realization that he or she is a distinct individual, whose body, mind, and actions are separate from those of other people. Click for Term

6. An infant’s expression of concern—a quiet stare, clinging to a familiar person, or sadness—when a stranger appears. Click for Term

8. An infant’s distress when a familiar caregiver leaves, most obvious between 9 and 14 months. Click for Term

10. Erikson’s first psychosocial crisis, infants learn basic trust if the world is a secure place where their basic needs (for food, comfort, attention, and so on) are met. Click for Term

12. A smile evoked by a human face, normally evident in infants about 6 weeks after birth. Click for Term

14. Erikson’s second crisis of psychosocial development. Toddlers either succeed or fail in gaining a sense of self-rule over their own actions and bodies. Click for Term

16. Learning that is accomplished by observing others. Click for Term

18. Inborn differences between one person and another in emotions, activity, and self-regulation. It is epigenetic, originating in genes but affected by child-rearing practices. Click for Term

20. A similarity of temperament and values that produces a smooth interaction between an individual and his or her social context, including family, school, and community. Click for Term

22. A theory that underlies the values and practices of a culture but is not usually apparent to the people within the culture. Click for Term

24. Caregiving practices that involve being physically close to a baby, with frequent holding and touching. Click for Term

26. Caregiving practices that involve remaining distant from a baby, providing toys, food, and face-to-face communication with minimal holding and touching. Click for Term

28. A coordinated, rapid, and smooth exchange of responses between a caregiver and an infant. Click for Term

30. An experimental practice in which an adult keeps his or her face unmoving and expressionless in face-to-face interaction with an infant. Click for Term

32. A relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver. Click for Term

34. Seeking information about how to react to an unfamiliar or ambiguous object or event by observing someone else’s expressions and reactions. Click for Term

36. Child care that occurs in a place especially designed for the purpose, where several paid adults care for many children. Usually, the children are grouped by age, usually licensed, with trained providers. Click for Term

38. A type of attachment that is marked by an infant’s inconsistent reactions to the caregiver’s departure and return. Click for Term

40. A laboratory procedure for measuring attachment by evoking infants’ reactions to stress. Click for Term

42. Child care that occurs in the home of someone to whom the child is not related and who usually cares for several children of various ages. Click for Term

44. A pattern of attachment in which an infant avoids connection with a caregiver as when the infant seems not to care about the caregiver’s presence, departure, or return or to both resist and seek contact on reunion. Click for Term