2. DIFFERENT HUMAN IMPACTS
REEF WALKING
OVER FISHING
CORAL SOUVENIR
BLAST FISHING
SEWAGE
AGRICULTURE
◦ (Sedimentation)
◦ (Fertiliser/Pesticide)
3.
4. This is the practice whereby people step unto
the corals, mostly while site seeing of marine
organisms
This is mostly done by tourist
By stepping unto the corals, it damages or
even kills the coral polyps which are the basic
foundation of corals
5. Overfishing is one driving pressure that has had
devastating impacts on coral reefs.
Overfishing is also a damaging problem to many
coral reefs around the world.
Overfishing has caused a shift in the reef ecosystem.
Overfishing of certain species near coral reefs can
easily affect the reef's ecological balance and
biodiversity.
A domino effect comes into play when overfishing
occurs in or around a coral reef. This is where the
over exploitation of one species can cause a collapse
in the entire food web.
6. This is the whereby pieces of corals are
broken for there to be made into souvenirs
Coral's many colours give it appeal for
necklaces and other jewellery
In the process of doing this it kills the corals
and it damages the natural ecosystem
7. Blast or dynamite fishing is the practice of using
explosives to stun or kill schools of fish for easy
collection.
This often illegal practice can be extremely
destructive to the surrounding ecosystems, as
the explosion often destroys the underlying
habitat (such as the coral reef) that supports the
fishes.
The frequently improvised nature of the
explosives used also means danger for the
fishermen as well, with accidents and injuries.
8. Sewage is refuse (rubbish) liquids or solid waste
matter. It is often high in nutrients.
Through improper sewage storage and treatment
facilities the sewage can leak out into the soil and
then become run-off on to the reef.
Through old septic tanks that have not been
maintained and cleaned regularly, the sewage can
overflow from the tank and find its way on to the
reef.
The sewage can be high in nutrients that promotes
plant growth. When this happens sea weeds and
algae would outgrow corals and the corals would not
be able to get enough sunlight so eventually they die.
9. Agriculture could affect the coral reef in two
ways:
◦ Sedimentation
◦ Excessive nutrients via fertilisers/pesticides
10. Lands are cleared for agricultural crops so
there fore the top soil is exposed.
When the rain falls sediments are washed into
the reef through rivers and water channels.
This further affects the corals in two ways:
◦ The sediment drastically reduces the amount of
light reaching coral reef prevent them from carry
out photosynthesis effectively.
◦ As the sediment settles, it can bury corals or cause
them to expend a large amount of energy keeping
their surfaces clean.
11. According to the agricultural practiced used,
fertilisers/pesticide are sometimes included,
this is high in nutrients
In time, leaching can occur and runoff from
rains can transport the chemicals into the
water ways and eventually the corals reefs
through rivers and water channels.
This causes an over growth in seaweed,
eventually killing the corals.
