The document summarizes key events from two Space Shuttle disasters: the Challenger disaster in 1986 and the Columbia disaster in 2003. It provides details on technical issues that contributed to the failures, such as ice on the launch pad and joint leaks during liftoff for Challenger, and foam debris impact during launch damaging the thermal protection system for Columbia. It also discusses political and organizational factors, such as whistleblowing, coverups, and lessons that were not adequately applied between the two disasters.

1. TRUTH, LIES AND O-RINGS: INSIDE THE SPACE SHUTTLE CHALLENGER DISASTER Presented by : Allan J. McDonald Aerospace Consultant & Author ATK Thiokol (Retired) Former Director Space Shuttle SRM Project :

2. TWO LOST SPACE SHUTTLES STS-51L Challenger Launch: January 28, 1986 Time: 16:38 GMT STS-107 Columbia Launch: January 16, 2003 Time: 15:39 GMT

3. PRE-LAUNCH ICE ON PAD

4. FIRST EVIDENCE OF JOINT LEAK Leak at T + 0.678 Seconds LIFTOFF

5. JOINT LEAK REOPENS IN FLIGHT Joint Leak Restarts T + 59 Seconds Joint Plume Visible T + 60 Seconds MAXIMUM DYNAMIC PRESSURE AND WIND SHEAR

6. T PLUS 78 SECONDS: DEBRIS Orbiter Wing SSME Pod Crew Cabin Recovered RH SRB Aft Field Joint

9. COLUMBIA ACCIDENT & VERIFICATION February 1, 2003 Approx. 9:00 a.m. EST Columbia Debris During Re-entry Bi-Pod Ramp Foam Impact Test on RCC

10. STS-51L AND STS-107 CREW Lest We Forget!