Storm windows, insulating shades, sash replacements, awnings - The good news is that we have so many ways to improve the performance of our windows. The bad news is...there are so many ways to improve the performance of our windows! How in the world can we objectively compare them on price, thermal performance, ease of installation, ease of use, solar control, privacy, and durability?
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories and BuildingGreen are working on simple and easy-to-use resources for selecting window retrofit options. With input on climate, existing window attributes, and performance priorities, anyone can cut through the difficulties of deciding how to improve the overall performance of existing windows.
Using resources from www.windowattachments.org, webinar participants will work through window attachment selection scenarios with the instructor and learn how to use these resources with their clients and on their own projects.
2. Thank you!
The Energy Center of Wisconsin is a Registered Provider with The
American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit
earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records
for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members
available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content that
may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by
the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of
handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will
be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
4. Learning Objectives
Upon completing this course, participants will be able to:
Understand the full range of window retrofit options.
Understand the full range of attributes the options can address.
Rationally compare options and attributes of window retrofit
strategies.
Select the most appropriate window retrofit options based on the full
range of options and attributes.
5.
6.
7. What to do about my
windows?
Options Attributes
9. Attributes
Thermal
Insulation
Air tightness
Solar heat gain
Comfort
Condensation
resistance
Use
Ease of
operation
Adjustability
Ease of
cleaning/repair
Maintenance/
durability
Visual
transmittance
View
Daylighting
Glare
Privacy
aesthetics
Visual
10. Attributes (cont’d)
Economics
Materials/equipment costs
Installation costs
Heating/cooling savings
Service life (attachment)
Service life (window)
Other
Ease of install
Availability
Acoustics (noise reduction)
Role in ventilation
Security
12. The LBNL Project
Advisory Committee – mix of private industry
representatives, expert consultants, LBNL research
staff
Literature Review – “gray” and “white” information
resources
Field Testing – Comparative IR imaging under
standard conditions & supported by additional
metrics
Guidance Tools – DOE fact sheets and web-based
tool (decision process, including modeling/
calculators)
13. Advisory Committee
John Gant – Glen Raven
(awnings)
Mike Cienian – Hunter
Douglas (cellular shades)
Steve DeBusk – CP Films
(surface-applied films)
Andrew Caldwell (Phifer)
Tom Culp (storms)
John Carmody & Kerry
Haglund (CSBR)
Nils Petermann (ASE)
LBNL
Steve Selkowitz
Charlie Curcija
Dariush Arasteh
Christian Kohler
Robert Hart
Howdy Goudey
14. LBNL Literature Review
Early stages – laboratory testing, field testing, modeling—it’s
pretty early in the game all around (beta WINDOW7)
Research mosaic – different countries, test methods, base
cases, options – it’s a jungle out there.
Results alignment – surprisingly good - e.g. Energy Plus and
ESP-r
Terminology & classification – it’s a jungle out there (two
jungles – science community and general public)
Quality of manufacturer-posted info – it’s a jungle out there
Window/attachment interactions – good and bad?
15. Field Testing
Obtain visually-compelling, comparative, thermal-
performance portrayals of residential windows with
and without the benefit of window retrofits.
Achieve this with the combination of thermocouple
and heat flux sensors, IR and digital camera
images.
Develop above into a protocol or standardized test
(for both wintertime and summertime conditions).
28. interior low-e storm over
“vintage” single-pane
wood frame double hung
Interior low-e storm over
“base case” double low-
e Ar sash inserts
“base case” dual
glazed low-e Ar double
hung sash inserts
storm double IGU double
storm triple
29. Room facing low-e film on
single wood framed double
hung with exterior clear storm
and ΔP
Interior low-e storm over
“base case” double low-
e Ar sash inserts
Honeycomb shade with side
tracks over “base case” double
low-e Ar double hung sash inserts
storm double IGU double + insulating shade
storm triple
room side low-e
30. Interior Low-e Storm Over “Vintage” Single-pane Wood Framed Double Hung
With Varied Pressure Difference
No ΔP 10 Pa ΔP 16 Pa ΔP
37. Inflector
100+F room surface
IR0056 8/12 11:12
Tin: 71.7F
Tout: 81.1F
Tfacade: 82.0F
TC2: 94.1F (glass)
Solar pyro ratio: 0.14
Photometric ratio: 0.15
South RH
Single Clear Control
Tin: 71.3F
Tout: 75.2F
Tfacade: 85.5F
TC1: 82.5F
Solar pyro ratio: 0.83
Photometric ratio: 0.86
South Mid.
Phifer Perf+
90+F room surface
IR0057 8/12 11:36
Tin: 71.8F
Tout: 85.8F
Tfacade: 92.5F
TC2: 91.1F (glass)
Solar pyro ratio: 0.02
Photometric ratio: 0.03
South LH
Suntex 90
80+F room surface
IR0061 8/12 12:32
Tin: 71.2F
Tout: 85.4F
Tfacade: 91.7F
TC2: 83.3F (glass)
Solar pyro ratio: 0.01
Photometric ratio: 0.00
South RH – Suntex 90
Single Clear Control
Tin: 71.7F
Tout: 84.1F
Tfacade: 94.6F
TC1: 82.4F
Solar pyro ratio: 0.80
Photometric ratio: 0.84
South Mid.
Suntex 80
80+F room surface
IR0060 8/12 12:21
Tin: 71.6F
Tout: 83.4F
Tfacade: 92.4F
TC2: 81.2F (glass)
Solar pyro ratio: 0.10
Photometric ratio: 0.09
South LH
38. IR2348 8/4 13:33:14
Tin: 25.2C
Tout: 34.0C
Solar pyro ratio: 0.19
Photometric ratio: 0.13
South RH
High solar gain exterior
storm
IR2347 8/4 13:20:00
Tin: 25.4C
Tout: 31.5C
Solar pyro ratio: 0.62
Photometric ratio: 0.66
South Center
Single clear control
IR2346 8/4 13:19:17
Tin: 25.7C
Tout: 32.2C
Solar pyro ratio: 0.11
Photometric ratio: 0.08
South LH
Low Solar Gain exterior
storm
42. IR2373 8/5 3:23:25
Tin: 26.5C
Tout: 34.1C
Twest: 35.9C
TC1: 33.7C (32.4C IRcam)
Tedge: 42.8C
Solar pyro ratio: 0.86
Photometric ratio: 0.93
West LH – awning retracted (control)
Can make out shadow of retracted awing valence
on top glass
Reflection of person at right edge of glass
Horizontal bands are shadow of storm frame
center divide (lower) and window meeting rail
(upper). Storm panels were removed.
Warm spot below TC tape is left over from
previous presence of light sensors next to glass.
IR2372 8/5 3:21:50
Tin: 26.5C
Tout: 34.0C
Twest: 36.3C
TC2: 30.1C (29.8C IRcam)
Tedge: 28.3C
Solar pyro ratio: 0.22
Photometric ratio: 0.16
West RH – awning arm near 90 degrees
(full shading)
IR2378 8/5 4:08:39
Tin: 26.7C
Tout: 31.6C
Twest: 38.2C
TC2: 49.8 (glass under shade)
Tedge: 55C (on frame under shade)
Solar pyro ratio: 0 blackout but no
meas.
Photometric ratio: 0 blackout but no
meas.
West RH – insulated cellular with side
tracks
Can make out shadow of retracted awing valence
on top sash
43. Unshaded control
(single clear)
Retracted valence covers
most of uppoer sash
Interior glass/
frame window
surface
temperatures just
after being covered
with side track ICS
Retracted valence covers
most of uppoer sash
Insulated cellular
shade with side
tracks
Retracted valence covers
most of upper sash
44. Interactions we don’t want: low-e storms
(WINDOW6, NFRC summer conditions)
Base cases – double
pane units, no storm
clear; no storm: 93 F
Hard coat low-e (#3): 99 F
Spectrally selective low-e,
high VT (LoE3-366 on #2):
106 F
Spectrally selective low-e,
lower VT (LoE2-240 on
#2): 117 F
Gray tint: 109 F
ext low-e storm over
double pane unit
clear; no storm: 101 F
Hard coat low-e (#3): 111 F
Spectrally selective low-e, high
VT (LoE3-366): 156 F
Spectrally selective low-e,
lower VT (LoE2-240): 185 F
Gray tint: 141 F
45. Interactions we don’t want
(WINDOW6, NFRC summer conditions)
int low-e storm over
double pane unit
clear; no storm: 106 F
Hard coat low-e (#3): 133 F
Spectrally selective low-e,
high VT (LoE3-366 on #2):
108 F
Spectrally selective low-e,
lower VT (LoE2-240 on #2):
120 F
Gray tint: 115 F
Conclusions
Exterior low-e storms likely
to be a problem with:
IGU + spectrally-selective
low-e
IGU + dark tint
IGU + Low-e surface 3
Interior low-e storms likely
to be a problem with:
IGU + Low-e surface 3
53. BuildingGreen, Inc.
• Founded in 1985
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Brattleboro,
Vermont
• 20 employees
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subscriptions, book
sales, online
memberships
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advertising
BuildingGreen offices in old Estey Organ Factory, Brattleboro
www.windowattachments.org
54. This concludes The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems Program
Peter Yost
peter@buildinggreen.com
Thank You