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9oct paolo mazzanti-vajont
1. Centro di Ricerca CERI
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra
Landslides surfing on water: a preliminary study
Paolo Mazzanti & Fabio Vittorio De Blasio
www.nhazca.com
Padua, 8-10 October 2013
Paolo Mazzanti
5. Social impact of landslide induced tsunamis
More than 3500 casualties in Italy in the last 230 years
More than 100 casualties in Norway in the last 150 years
Several damages in Chile, France, Canada, China, Panama etc
Hostorical events inferred by recent studies (Storegga, Canary Islands, Lake Geneve, Etna etc)
What we expect in the future considering that:
-
the 40% of the world population lives in coastal regions (going to increase)
new impoundment and infrastructural projects (e.g. Three Gorges dam, Panama channel)
www.nhazca.com
Paolo Mazzanti
6. What we are able to do
Identify and characterize landslides
Perform advanced monitoring of landslides
Simulate the landslides propagation
Simulate the tsunami waves
But are we really able to understand the landslide to water interaction?
We really know the behaviour of a landslide
impacting a water surface during its propagation?
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Paolo Mazzanti
8. The landslide (or part of it) seems to surf on the water…
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Paolo Mazzanti
9. …like other natural gravitational processes
ICE AVALANCHES
PIROCLASTIC FLOWS
Similar events historically reported for large vulcanic eruptions with piroclastic flows travelling for
some km above the water surface (e.g. Vesuvius 79 AD, Krakatau, 1883 AD).
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Paolo Mazzanti
10. Something observed in lab experiments (1/4)
Freundt 2003
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Paolo Mazzanti
11. Something observed in lab experiments (2/4)
Grani fini
1
2
3
4
5
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Mazzanti & De Blasio 2010
Paolo Mazzanti
12. Something observed in lab experiments (3/4)
www.nhazca.com
Mazzanti & De Blasio 2010
Paolo Mazzanti
13. Something observed in lab experiments (3/4)
www.nhazca.com
Mazzanti & De Blasio 2010
Paolo Mazzanti
14. Something observed in lab experiments (4/4)
Clay density: 1.3 kg/m3,
Radius 10.5 cm
3 different thicknesses (equivalent masses: 46.6 g, 90.5 g., 117.3 g)
Mazzanti & De Blasio 2013
(Conference Volume)
www.nhazca.com
Paolo Mazzanti
15. Which parameters control the surfing occurrence?
1) GRAIN SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION
“Experiments with coarse grains did not show any surfing!”
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Mazzanti & De Blasio 2010
Paolo Mazzanti
17. Which parameters control the surfing occurrence?
2) LANDSLIDE VELOCITY AND IMPACT ANGLE
“Higher velocity and lower angle of inclination are favourable conditions for surfing”
3) LANDSLIDE DENSITY
“Higher ratio of the water to landslide density value increases the ratio between impact force and gravity
force”
Mazzanti & De Blasio 2013
(Conference Volume)
www.nhazca.com
Paolo Mazzanti
18. Surfing implication on the landslide tsunami generation
Landslide front thickness
Surfing?
Landslide front velocity
Landslide acceleration
Froude number
Air cavitation (Fritz, 2003)
Mazzanti & De Blasio 2013
(Conference Volume)
www.nhazca.com
Paolo Mazzanti
19. Conclusions
- Surfing may occurr
- Peculiar characteristics of the landslide mass are required
- Surfing is probably more common than expected
- Tsunami generation may be modified by the surfing
Hence
We hope that this study would inspire someone
to performed more advanced studies on this matter!
www.nhazca.com
Paolo Mazzanti
